Abstract The importance of the high voltage circuit breaker for the power system’s safe and reliable operation is paramount. This research aims to analyse and provide the most significant high voltage circuit breaker health state indices based on the non-invasive vibration fingerprint measurement method. Results obtained and presented in this paper are validated on the data set acquired from the vacuum circuit breaker.

Background and Objectives: Although vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency is prevalent in children with allergic diseases, recommendations for supplementation dosing regimens are imprecise and variable in the literature, because clinical trials aiming to determine optimal doses were scarce in the past. This study aimed to investigate supplementation of vitamin D3 that may achieve therapeutically effective but not toxic serum levels in a subpopulation of children with allergic diseases and concomitant hypovitaminosis D. Materials and Methods: The retrospective, observational study with a cross-sectional design included 94 children suffering from allergic diseases and having vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency who were prescribed high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation by a pediatrician for at least 6 weeks and not more than 9 weeks. Serum levels of the major metabolite of vitamin D (25-(OH)D) were determined in all children twice: before and two weeks after the end of vitamin D3 supplementation. Results: An increase in serum level of the 25-(OH)D after supplementation was significant. However, if the subjects had higher serum levels of the 25-(OH)D before the supplementation, and if the supplementation lasted 8 instead of 6 weeks, the absolute increase in serum level of the 25-(OH)D was lower. Patients taking corticosteroids as inhalation or intranasally had a more intense effect of vitamin D3 supplementation, i.e., the absolute increase in levels of 25-(OH)D was higher than in patients not using such medication. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children with allergic diseases can be treated with maximal recommended doses of vitamin D3 for a short period of time, especially if they were prescribed with inhalation or intranasal corticosteroids.

BACKGROUND Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (SATMJ) is acute or chronic bacterial or fungal infection involving temporomandibular joint (TMJ) space. It is a disease with high mortality in whole body joints, and about three-fourths of survivors have residual malfunctioning of the affected joint. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to search systematically, evaluate and then summarize scientific literature about etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the SATMJ in adults. METHODS After registration at PROSPERO this systematic review was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA checklist. The following databases were systematically searched: MEDLINE, EBSCO, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central), SCIndex, Scopus, Google Scholar and Registry of clinical studies with human participants. RESULTS In total 37 studies with 91 patients were included in the review. Dominant signs and symptoms of SATMJ were pain and trismus, while fever was infrequent. The most frequent isolates from the TMJ were Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci; however, less than 20% of patients had data about susceptibility of the isolates to antibiotics. Combination of third generation cephalosporin and metronidazole was the most frequently prescribed empirically, and antibiotics especially active against S. aureus (glycopeptides and anti-staphylococcal beta-lactams) were under-prescribed. Administration of antibiotics was prolonged (median over 30 days), although two weeks are sufficient treatment for SATMJ if right choice of antibiotics was made. There was high rate of repeated surgical interventions (53.5%), which were linked to higher risk of long-term functional defects. CONCLUSIONS The SATMJ is serious infection that requires early empiric administration of antibiotics with good coverage of Gram-positive bacteria, and subsequent correction of antibiotic therapy according to susceptibility of isolates. Appropriate antibiotic therapy decreases risk of long-term functional disorders.

TOPIC: Education, Research, and Quality Improvement TYPE: Original Investigations PURPOSE: The need for swift international collaboration alongside rapidly deployable remote medical knowledge transition and implementation programs has been highlighted during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Virtual programs have emerged as cost-effective alternatives to in-person education to spread best practices to resource-limited locations and garner purposeful learner engagement. Understanding local practice needs is paramount to the development of an effective quality improvement initiative. This study aimed to gain insight into the interests, clinical challenges, and attitudes of a group of interprofessional critical care providers from Bosnia and Herzegovina in preparation for a longitudinal remote education and quality improvement program. METHODS: A novel learning needs assessment tool was implemented in a cohort of critical care professionals from four hospitals in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A sequential explanatory design was employed, and a mixed-method assessment was conducted in three phases. 1) Utilizing the Delphi method, twenty statements containing common critical care entrustable professional activities (EPAs) were developed by a board of intensivists and medical education specialists. 2) Local learners used Q Sort methodology to rank-order EPAs based on self-perceived learning priorities, with subsequent by-person factor analysis. 3) Learners were invited for focus-group interviews to gather details of the rationale behind their rankings. RESULTS: Forty nine out of 105 participants completed the rank-order survey (response rate 47%). Factor analysis categorized the participants into two main groups based on the typology of their opinions, 22 participants into factor 1 and 9 participants into factor 2. The highest-ranked EPAs amongst the two factors were “evaluation and management of the patients with shock, stabilization, and resuscitation of critically ill patients” and “evaluation and management of ARDS,” respectively. Statements regarding common ICU complications and procedures were regarded as neutral. The lowest rank amongst factor 1 was “patient-centered care, communication skills, and interprofessional collaboration.” Participants in factor 2 ranked “preoperative evaluation and management” and “common hematologic and oncologic complications” the lowest. The rationale behind rank orders focused on the current patient population and perceived EPA importance to critical care practice. Participants in factor 1 displayed pessimistic attitudes toward patient-centered care and interprofessional collaboration due to cultural and healthcare system constraints. Interviewees in both factors described local challenges and expressed a need for change. CONCLUSIONS: We conducted a remote needs assessment in an international, interprofessional group of critical care providers. In addition to building trust with learners, the acquired knowledge of cultural differences, needs, and barriers to implementation will guide an ongoing remote education and quality improvement initiative. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This investigation will shape a critical care best practices quality improvement initiative and remote education program in a country with limited resources. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Marija Bogojevic, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Yue Dong, source=Web Response Patent/IP rights for a licensed product relationship with Ambient Clinical Analytics Please note: From 2016 Added 05/23/2021 by Ognjen Gajic, source=Web Response, value=Royalty no disclosure on file for Pedja Kovacevic;No relevant relationships by Heyi Li, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Aida Mujakovic, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Alexander Niven, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Manja Spahalic, source=Web Response no disclosure on file for Slavenka Straus;No relevant relationships by Simon Zec, source=Web Response

Poultry meat production is one of the most dynamic sectors in agriculture, recording the quickest growth in the food industry, while egg production has shown strong growth in the last twenty years. Combined with meat production, it is achieving the highest growth when it comes to meeting protein needs for the global population. In economic terms, coccidiosis is one of the most significant poultry diseases. Effective application of coccidiostats in poultry feed has been playing a key role in development of commercial poultry production for more than 50 years. The aim of this research was to estimate occurrence and residue concentrations of coccidiostats in table eggs, poultry liver and meat, available on the market in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). Residues of lasalocid were found in table eggs, while residues of nicarbazin, maduramicin and diclazuril were detected in broiler meat and liver.

This research aimed to study the influence of differences in the composition and storage length of mechanically deboned poultry meat (MDPM) on the sensory properties of frankfurters. Three variants of frankfurters were produced from three respective alternatives of MDPM that differed solely in proportions of meat from broiler backs and necks. Similarly, a commercially available and freshly produced MDPM of unknown composition was used as the control. All the four variants of MDPM were stored at -18 °C for 1, 45 and 90 days. Sensory profiling of the frankfurters was performed by 8 panellists using a quantitative-descriptive analysis (QDA). Two-factorial ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA) of the sensory evaluation results revealed significant (p < 0.05) effects of the storage time of the MDPM variants on sensory characteristics of the frankfurters, regardless of their composition.

Introduction Current evaluation of patients suspected of a non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) involves the use of algorithms that incorporate clinical information, electrocardiogram (ECG) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponins (hs-troponins). While primarily designed to rule out NSTE-ACS safely, these algorithms can also be used for rule in of NSTE-ACS in some patients. Still, in a substantial number of patients, these algorithms do not provide a conclusive work-up. These patients often present with an atypical clinical profile and low-range positive hs-troponin values without a characteristic rise or fall pattern. They represent a heterogeneous group of patients with various underlying conditions; only a fraction (30%–40%) will eventually be diagnosed with a myocardial infarction. Uncertainty exists about the optimal diagnostic strategy and their management depends on the clinical perspective of the treating physician ranging from direct discharge to admission for invasive coronary angiography. Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is a non-invasive test that has been shown to be safe, fast and reliable in the evaluation of coronary artery disease. In this study, we will determine the usefulness of CCTA in patients with acute chest pain and low-range positive hs-troponin values. Methods and analysis A prospective, double-blind, observational, multicentre study conducted in the Netherlands. Patients aged 30–80 years presenting to the emergency department with acute chest pain and a suspicion of NSTE-ACS, a normal or non-diagnostic ECG and low-range positive hs-troponins will be scheduled to undergo CCTA. The primary outcome is the diagnostic accuracy of CCTA for the diagnosis of NSTE-ACS at discharge, in terms of sensitivity and negative predictive value. Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands (registration number MEC-2017-506). Written informed consent to participate will be obtained from all participants. This study’s findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03129659).

The COST Action Gene Regulation Ensemble Effort for the Knowledge Commons (GREEKC, CA15205, www.greekc.org) organized nine workshops in a four-year period, starting September 2016. The workshops brought together a wide range of experts from all over the world working on various parts of the knowledge cycle that is central to understanding gene regulatory mechanisms. The discussions between ontologists, curators, text miners, biologists, bioinformaticians, philosophers and computational scientists spawned a host of activities aimed to update and standardise existing knowledge management workflows, encourage new experimental approaches and thoroughly involve end-users in the process to design the Gene Regulation Knowledge Commons (GRKC). The GREEKC consortium describes its main achievements, contextualised in a state-of-the-art of current tools and resources that today represent the GRKC.

Alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) is the most common indication for liver transplantation (LT) in Croatia and presents a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, genetic susceptibility has not yet been systematically studied. We aimed to investigate the contribution of the risk polymorphisms PNPLA3 rs738409, EGF rs4444903, TM6SF2 rs58542926, MTHFR rs1801133, previously identified in other populations and, additionally, the contribution of Notch-related polymorphisms (NOTCH1 rs3124591, NOTCH3 rs1043996 and rs1044116, NOTCH4 rs422951). The study included 401 patients. The ALC group consisted of 260 LT candidates, 128 of whom had histopathologically confirmed HCC, and 132 of whom were without HCC. The control group included 141 patients without liver disease. Genotyping was performed by PCR using Taqman assays. The patients’ susceptibility to ALC was significantly associated with PNPLA3 rs738409, TM6SF2 rs58542926, and NOTCH3 rs1043996 polymorphisms. These polymorphisms remained significantly associated with ALC occurrence in a logistic regression model, even after additional model adjustment for sex and age. Cirrhotic patients with the PNPLA3 GG genotype demonstrated higher activity of ALT aminotransferases than patients with CC or CG genotypes. The susceptibility to the development of HCC in ALC was significantly associated with PNPLA3 rs738409 and EGF rs4444903 polymorphisms, and logistic regression confirmed these polymorphisms as independent predictors.

Aims: We studied the syntaxonomic position, biodiversity, ecological features, nature conservation value and current status of dry grasslands investigated by Josias Braun-Blanquet more than 60 years ago. Study area: Inner-alpine valleys of Austria. Methods: We sampled 67 plots of 10 m2, following the standardized EDGG methodology. We subjected our plots to an unsupervised classification with the modified TWINSPAN algorithm and interpreted the branches of the dendrogram syntaxonomically. Biodiversity, structural and ecological characteristics of the resulting vegetation units at association and order level were compared by ANOVAs. Results: All the examined grasslands belong to the class Festuco-Brometea. From ten distinguished clusters, we could assign four clusters to validly published associations, while the remaining six clusters were named tentatively. We classified them into three orders: Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis (Armerio elongatae-Potentilletum arenariae, Phleo phleoidis-Pulsatilletum nigricantis, Medicago minima-Melica ciliata community, Koelerio pyramidatae-Teucrietum montani), Festucetalia valesiacae (Sempervivum tectorum-Festuca valesiaca community); Brachypodietalia pinnati (Astragalo onobrychidis-Brometum erecti, Agrostis capillaris-Avenula adsurgens community, Anthericum ramosum-Brachypodium pinnatum community, Ranunculus bulbosus-Festuca rubra community, Carduus defloratus-Brachypodium pinnatum community). Conclusions: The ten distinguished dry grassland communities of the Austrian inner-alpine valleys differ in their ecological affinities as well as their vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen diversity. We point out their high nature conservation importance, as each of them presents a unique habitat of high value. Taxonomic reference: Names of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens follow Fischer et al. (2008), Frahm and Frey (2004) and Nimis et al. (2018), respectively. Syntaxonomic reference: Names of orders and classes follow Mucina et al. (2016), references for associations and alliances are given in the text. Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance; DCA: detrended correspondence analyses; EDGG: Eurasian Dry Grassland Group; EIV: ecological indicator value; FL: Fließ; GR: Griffen; GU: Gulsen; KA: Kaunerberg; LA: Laudegg castle in Ladis; MA: Marin; NM: Neumarkt in der Steiermark; OM: Obermauern; PÖ: Pöls; PU: Puxer Loch; TWINSPAN = Two-way indicator species analysis; ZS: Zinizachspitze.

Architectural design decisions, such as service deployment and composition, plant layout synthesis, or production planning, are an indispensable and overarching part of an industrial manufacturing system design. In the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), frequent production changes trigger their synthesis, and preferably optimization. Yet, knowledge on architecture synthesis and optimization has been scattered around other domains, such as generic software engineering. We take a step towards synthesizing current knowledge on architectural design decisions in Industry 4.0. We developed a taxonomy describing architectural models, design decisions, and optimization possibilities. The developed taxonomy serves as a guideline for comparing different possibilities (e.g., application of different optimization algorithms) and selecting appropriate ones for a given context. Furthermore, we reviewed and mapped 30 relevant research works to the taxonomy, identifying research trends and gaps. We discuss interesting, and yet uncovered topics that emerged from our review.