The historical evolution of auditing reflects an increasing complexity in organizational demands, culminating in the emergence of Audit 5.0—an approach that integrates emerging technologies with professional judgment. This study aims to analyze how technological adoption influences risk assessment and materiality determination in financial auditing within a practical, real-world context. The research, qualitative in nature, combines narrative and thematic analysis of the literature, ethnography in a professional setting, and task analysis, developed over four years of experience in a firm of Chartered Accountants. The findings reveal that although digital tools enhance efficiency and accuracy, professional judgment remains essential to ensure the ethics, reliability, and contextualization of audited information. This study contributes to the advancement of understanding regarding the complementarity between technology and the human factor, proposing paths toward more robust and digitally adapted auditing practices.

Abstract Although a significant number of studies analyzing the impact of transformational leadership on job performance has been recognized, there is a lack of research considering this construct in the context of managerial performance, and along with interpersonal characteristics. To fill this gap, this paper has been built on Mintzberg’s (1973) premise according to which interpersonal skills play an important role in achieving not only managerial performance but also their leadership styles. In other words, it has been argued that transformational leadership behaves as a mediator in the relationship between social skills and managerial performance. Given the main findings, the paper contributes to practical thinking by indicating the importance of including social skills training focused on building social flexibility and presentation skills, so that managers could have a greater positive impact on managerial performance. As a consequence, it is well known that their better performance increases overall organizational success, which is a valuable lesson for a developing country setting in which this research has been conducted. Contributions to theory and practice are offered after which direction for further research follows.

Abstract Green innovations are applied in various industries to promote corporate sustainability by adopting sustainable development practices. However, very little is known about how the knowledge management process influences corporate green innovation. To contribute to the development of this issue, this study explores the relationships between knowledge management, corporate sustainable development and green innovation. Data was collected from 210 respondents from private companies in a developing country context and analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. The findings provide several conclusions. First, the components of knowledge management (application, acquisition and sharing of knowledge) significantly improve the dimensions of corporate sustainable development (environmental, economic and social dimensions). Second, sustainable environmental practices have no effect on the adoption and application of green innovations by companies, however, sustainable social practices have a positive effect on green innovations. The results of this research also show that investing in knowledge management is of great importance for achieving sustainable development, as well as investing in the application of sustainable social practices.

Background: In recent years, research efforts have focused on understanding virtual environments and the importance of collaboration in such environments. The spread of remote working, exacerbated by the global pandemic and changing workforce dynamics, has meant that organizations are increasingly reliant on dispersed teams. Building trust in virtual teams is paramount to fostering effective collaboration, and achieving common goals. Trust reduces uncertainty, promotes collaboration and facilitates open communication between team members. Building trust in virtual contexts is challenging due to limited face-to-face interactions. In addition, knowledge sharing plays a crucial role in improving team effectiveness by enabling information sharing and problem solving. The lack of physical proximity in virtual environments is a barrier to spontaneous knowledge sharing and highlights the critical need for a culture that encourages knowledge sharing. Methodology: This study highlights the importance of cultivating a supportive virtual environment, ensuring psychological safety and utilizing technical platforms to facilitate information sharing. Quantitative data and survey methods are used to explore the integral impact of trust, knowledge sharing, collaboration, and team effectiveness. Findings and Conclusions: The results of this study contribute to the existing literature on virtual teamwork by highlighting techniques and practices that improve team performance. The finding that trust and information sharing play a central role in virtual teams can help organizations develop effective virtual work policies, design appropriate training programs, and select suitable collaboration platforms. Limitations and Future Research: While the study provides valuable insights, the generalizability of the findings to other contexts is limited by the restriction to a single sample. Replicating the study in different organizational contexts would improve the robustness of the results. Furthermore, the cross-sectional nature of the study limits the possibility of proving causality. Future research efforts could use longitudinal studies to examine the complex relationships between trust, teamwork, collaboration, and knowledge sharing over time.

Abstract This literature review focuses on concepts related to the role of information technology (IT) capabilities and managerial support in the context of advancing digital transformation and improving internal audit in the institutional environment. Through the synthesis of relevant academic sources, it is investigated how IT capacities and strategic management support influence the organizational ability to adapt to digital innovations. Special emphasis is placed on the complex dynamics that shape the interactions between these factors and their impact on institutional responsibility and performance. The results of the literature review illustrate the key mechanisms that support the digital transformation process, including the integration of technological systems, the development of digital competencies, and the role of management in providing resources and support. Further, a deeper understanding of the complexity of these interactions serves as a basis for further research in the field of digital transformation management and internal audit in an institutional context.

Abstract The integration of data analytics into forensic accounting has revolutionized the detection and prevention of financial fraud. This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in this field, highlighting the application of machine learning, data mining, and big data techniques in identifying fraudulent activities. By reviewing the latest research and examining case studies, we demonstrate the enhanced accuracy and efficiency these technologies offer over traditional methods. The findings suggest that financial institutions should adopt these advanced tools to mitigate fraud risks and improve overall financial security. The paper also explores future research directions, emphasizing the need for developing hybrid models and real-time detection systems to further enhance fraud detection capabilities.

Technology is acting as a catalyst for the transformation towards sustainability in education and as a means of reshaping the educational experience. This transformation is part of an overall transformation in our society, and education should be dedicated to creating satisfied students able to think autonomously, take responsibility for their views, and contribute to society. Both sustainable education and education for sustainability benefit from blended learning, which facilitates participatory teaching and empowers learners. The aim of our research was to determine teachers’ and students’ (a) awareness of the development of digital platforms for teaching and learning, (b) perception of their own digital skills, (c) use and experience of Coursera, and (d) attitudes towards the content and benefits of digital platforms, such as Coursera, for teaching and learning. The analysis was carried out using a questionnaire in which we collected feedback from students and teachers at the University of Sarajevo about their awareness and preferences of the contents offered by Coursera and their readiness to use those additional learning and teaching resources. The results of this study show that there is a lack of awareness of online e-learning platforms among students, with more than half of the sample professing ignorance about these sites. The identified lack of experience and a noticeable lack of motivation could present significant repressors in the transformation of education if not addressed properly.

What is the purpose of universities - education or job training? What should be our priority - competences for the 21st century or finding a job within a year after graduating? The future is unpredictable and today’s actions are not necessarily good, but the worst thing to happen would be doing nothing. The survival and development of university depends on our vision of who are the generations to come, what we will teach them, how we will develop the curricula and how far we will succeed in moving away from linear careers as a Procrustean bed, punishing and forcing us to believe that what we have is the only thing possible if deviations from the prescribed norm happen or if one attempts spurring development. On the other hand, the context in which education takes place is constantly changing, and today’s careers, defined as a collection of all experiences and changes in values and attitudes (not advancement in the workplace) are changing their forms just like Proteus. Therefore, the important question is how to reject the Procrustean bed and accept the concept of a protean career as a guide in the development of higher education? The development of new study programs and the revision of existing ones should be guided by the following postulates: internationalization, interdisciplinarity, equality in access and adaptation to the needs of people who need to build their careers in the next dozen years. Innovative study programs should offer: experiences that will be attractive to students from all over the world, a holistic approach to the learning experience and multiperspective, equality in access to all interested parties at every moment of their lives, and flexibility that will allow the student to have his own pace of learning. Some examples of such programs are dual studies, short cycles, combined studies and recognition of prior learning. The University of Sarajevo is a participant in two ERASMUS+ projects aimed at the development of dual studies and short-cycle programs with the aim of increasing access to education and adapting to the needs of students and employers, which directly support the principles of a protean career.

South East European countries are pursuing their way towards EU accession which involves the adoption of EU laws, standards, and policy approaches. This process of policy alignment faces a local institutional environment marked by existing institutional asymmetries between formal and informal institutions, often based on institutional voids. In this article, we examine the conditions for introducing the EU’s smart specialization approach to a context marked by institutional voids and asymmetries. We understand the institutional environment of South East European countries as low-coordination economies marked by low degrees of cooperation and trust. In such an environment, a participatory policymaking approach such as smart specialization can serve to mitigate institutional asymmetries but is likely to face major challenges, leading to an institutional smart specialization paradox that is exacerbated by the absence of an ex-ante conditionality. To explore these challenges, we examine institutional voids and asymmetries relevant for innovation policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina, based on a series of interviews with firms and intermediary organizations and an inductive research design inspired by grounded theory. Drawing on the results, we offer conclusions and policy recommendations for the upcoming introduction of smart specialization to Bosnia and Herzegovina and other EU enlargement countries.