<p><em>Tourism is a widespread and enduring global phenomenon, driven by a variety of motives, including religion. Travel has multiple benefits, particularly in terms of an individual's spiritual progress, even when not explicitly motivated by religious purposes. The paper examines the cultural and Islamic-religion dimensions of tourist journeys while taking into account contemporary geographical and tourism science approaches as well as Islamic perspectives. A comparative analysis established the major values of tourism travels (geographic and cultural awareness, religious belief, socialization, and material advantage), with a focus on Muslims' spiritual upliftment. The paper provides strategies for planning travel while taking into account the rights of Muslim women and their ability to engage in tourism while honoring the perspectives of the Islamic community in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Demonstrative examples highlight how specific visits may produce a profound impression and enhance social cohesion or an individual's behavior.</em></p>

Natural plant oils are commonly used in skincare products for their emollient properties. Plum seed oil is a promising cosmetic ingredient since it represents a sustainable material derived from fruit processing waste, recognized in the CosIng Database for its skin-conditioning function. The aim of this study was to incorporate plum seed oil into a topical emulgel and assess its biophysical effects on the skin. An in vivo study on healthy volunteers evaluated the safety (irritation potential) and long-term efficacy (impact on biophysical skin parameters during 28-day application) of emulgel containing 6% (w/w) plum seed oil as a natural emollient and active ingredient. Results showed that plum seed oil exhibited no irritation potential during a 24-hour safety assessment since transepidermal water loss (TEWL) decreased (p <0.05), and erythema index didn’t change significantly. Results of 28-day efficacy study suggested, potential anti-irritant effects after long-term usage. In addition, pH, skin integrity and skin color were preserved during the study, while skin hydration was increased. To our knowledge, this is the first study to employ non-invasive biophysical methods to assess the influence of plum seed oil in cosmetic formulations. These findings point plum seed oil’s potential as a natural, sustainable, safe and effective raw material for cosmetics.

This review explores the intersection of gender, geography, and sustainability by examining the role of women in the blue economy across Europe’s Outermost Regions (ORs). Despite growing recognition of the blue economy’s role in sustainable development, there is limited understanding of how women participate in these sectors at the geographic periphery of the European Union. Using publicly available data from Eurostat, INSEE, ISTAC, and other national portals, we analyze employment patterns through a gender lens, supported by qualitative insights from case studies in regions such as the Azores, Réunion, and Guadeloupe. Due to the scarcity of disaggregated blue economy data, general labor force participation is used as a proxy, highlighting both opportunities and visibility gaps. Theoretically grounded in feminist political ecology and intersectionality, the review identifies key barriers, including data invisibility, occupational segregation, and structural inequalities, as well as resilience enablers such as women-led enterprises and policy interventions. We conclude with targeted recommendations for research, policy, and practice to support inclusive blue economies in ORs, emphasizing the need for better data systems and gender-sensitive coastal development strategies.

<p>Rad, ali i nastojanje koji su poduzeti izvan rada, predstavljaju uvertiru analiziranju stanja i perspektiva socijalne pedagogije u zemljama Evropske unije i Bosne i Hercegovine. S ciljem jednog konkretnijeg, jezgrovitijeg, ali i pragmatičnijeg i vi&scaron;e informisanog zagovaranja za socijalnu pedagogiju u Bosni i Hercegovini, akumulacijom teorijskog i na praksi utemeljenog kapitala socijalne pedagogije, Bosna i Hercegovina potrebuje za stručnom praksom socijalne pedagogije. Socijalna pedagogija, ali i druge komplementarne i temeljne pomagačke znanosti i struke u Bosni i Hercegovini, nisu imale značajne teorijske i istraživačke pomake od kraja rata, a koje bi se nametnule kao socijalno-politički bitnima. Paradigmatska revolucija koja bi započela iz socijalne pedagogije, čini se da bi inovirala odgojno-obrazovne programe koji su nerijetko sredstvo u funkciji obespravljivanja. To bi se rezonovalo i na socijalnu politiku koja negira sudjelujuće odlučivanje i kvazi model deficita koji je samo inačica medicinskog modela tretiranja osoba različitih sposobnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini.</p>

Background: Football is a sport that requires a high level of technical, tactical, and motor skills, with particular emphasis on agility, speed, explosive strength, and flexibility. The development of these abilities depends on biological maturity, training experience, and individual factors, which affect player performance across different age categories. Purpose: The aim was to examine and compare the level of motor abilities between football players of FC GOŠK Gabela (Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina) in the junior (U19) and senior (U25) age categories, focusing on key elements such as agility, speed, explosive and repetitive strength, as well as flexibility. Method: The sample consisted of 22 players from the same club, divided into two groups by age category: 11 juniors (U19) (body height = 181.56 ± 5.74 cm; body weight = 73.29 ± 6.40 kg; BMI = 22.21 kg/m²) and 11 seniors (U25) (body height = 184.98 ± 5.97 cm; body weight = 77.35 ± 5.70 kg; BMI = 22.55 ± 0.38 kg/m²). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, and differences between groups were determined using an independent t-test for small samples. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Mean Difference and 95% Confidence Intervals were also calculated to further assess the significance and effect size of the detected differences (Cohen’s d). Results: Seniors achieved significantly better results in agility tests (Illinois and Zig-Zag tests) and the 60-meter sprint, while differences in other tests were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Differences in upper body explosive strength (medicine ball throw) and flexibility were not significant, although seniors showed slightly better average values. Conclusion: The obtained results indicate that biological maturity and longer training experience significantly influence the improvement of motor abilities, especially agility and speed over longer distances.

Utilizing ornamental plants for phytoremediation provides multiple benefits: they enhance the visual attractiveness of their surroundings and are predominantly non-edible, thus decreasing the chances of bioaccumulation in the food chain. To assess the effectiveness of bluemink (Ageratum houstonianum Mill.) and French marigold (Tagetes patula L.) in removing Cu and Zn from artificially contaminated substrate, a 6-week pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences at Sarajevo University. The experiment consisted of four contamination treatments for each heavy metal examined specifically 0, 100, 250, and 500 mg kg-1 for Zn, and 0, 20, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 for Cu, with three replication for each treatment. The Zn and Cu levels in the plant samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after the acid  digestion process. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) were used to evaluate the phytoextraction potential of the plants. BAF values determined in this study suggest that both plants, bluemink and French marigold, could be regarded as potential hyperaccumulators of Zn, particularly in the case of their long-term cultivation on contaminated soil. 

Key management strategies are a critical yet often overlooked aspect of integrating quantum key distribution (QKD) networks as a service into critical infrastructure. It has a considerable impact on the efficiency of QKD network services, thereby shaping its suitability for diverse applications. In this paper, we examine the effectiveness of key management strategies developed through practical testbeds, identifying their strengths and weaknesses. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, organization of key storage to enhance key construction efficiency and overall service performance is introduced. Using simulation tools, the proposed strategy is evaluated against existing approaches, demonstrating superior performance and effectiveness.

We report an infrequent case of a full-term male neonate presenting with a large congenital hernia of the umbilical cord (6 cm × 6 cm) containing only the entire left lobe of the liver. Prenatal ultrasonography suggested an omphalocele; however, the definitive postnatal diagnosis was established based on the presence of a narrow rim of normal skin encircling the umbilical ring and the proximal umbilical cord. Primary closure of the fascial defect was achieved successfully, with no intraoperative or postoperative complications observed. The patient recovered well postoperatively and was discharged in stable condition. Accurate differentiation from an omphalocele is crucial for appropriate management. Unlike omphaloceles, congenital hernias of the umbilical cord (CHUC) typically do not require extensive genetic or cardiac evaluation, and their surgical repair is generally less complex. However, awareness of atypical presentations of CHUC can aid in timely diagnosis, guide surgical planning, and improve clinical outcomes.

This study presents the first documented case of healing in the deep-sea sharpnose sevengill shark (Heptranchias perlo), a poorly understood species in the Mediterranean Sea. A juvenile specimen that sustained a traumatic mandibular fracture with extensive soft-tissue avulsion, which likely resulted from de-hooking during a previous longline capture, was retrieved dead by a bottom trawler in the southern Adriatic Sea. Gross pathological and radiographic examinations confirmed that the injury remained isolated to the mandibular region, with no abnormalities detected in the splanchnocranium or the musculoskeletal system. Evidence of advanced healing and scar tissue formation was observed, and stomach content analysis revealed active feeding had occurred despite the injury, suggesting that severe mandibular trauma may not have impaired prey capture or consumption. The documented healing indicates that survival following severe mandibular injury and longline capture is possible in H. perlo, in contrast to the high at-vessel mortality previously recorded for this species in bottom-trawl fisheries. However, this conclusion remains tentative, and our findings highlight the need for further research into the recovery capacity of deep-sea shark species that are impacted by commercial fishing, which is crucial for informing conservation strategies and fishery management.

In the face of increasing financial uncertainty and market complexity, this study presents a novel risk-aware financial forecasting framework that integrates advanced machine learning techniques with intuitionistic fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). Tailored to the BIST 100 index and validated through a case study of a major defense company in T\"urkiye, the framework fuses structured financial data, unstructured text data, and macroeconomic indicators to enhance predictive accuracy and robustness. It incorporates a hybrid suite of models, including extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), long short-term memory (LSTM) network, graph neural network (GNN), to deliver probabilistic forecasts with quantified uncertainty. The empirical results demonstrate high forecasting accuracy, with a net profit mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 3.03% and narrow 95% confidence intervals for key financial indicators. The risk-aware analysis indicates a favorable risk-return profile, with a Sharpe ratio of 1.25 and a higher Sortino ratio of 1.80, suggesting relatively low downside volatility and robust performance under market fluctuations. Sensitivity analysis shows that the key financial indicator predictions are highly sensitive to variations of inflation, interest rates, sentiment, and exchange rates. Additionally, using an intuitionistic fuzzy MCDM approach, combining entropy weighting, evaluation based on distance from the average solution (EDAS), and the measurement of alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution (MARCOS) methods, the tabular data learning network (TabNet) outperforms the other models and is identified as the most suitable candidate for deployment. Overall, the findings of this work highlight the importance of integrating advanced machine learning, risk quantification, and fuzzy MCDM methodologies in financial forecasting, particularly in emerging markets.

This study analyzes the relationship between leadership style and innovative work behavior of employees in companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The empirical research was conducted on a sample of 116 respondents employed in various sectors within the territory of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Data were collected using a written survey technique through an adapted questionnaire based on the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and the scale for measuring innovative work behavior (De Jong & Den Hartog, 2010). Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis (Cronbach’s Alpha), and correlation analysis were applied for data processing. The results indicate that the transactional leadership style is more pronounced compared to the laissez-faire leadership style. The levels of innovative work behavior of employees showed the highest values in the dimensions of idea exploration and idea generation, while idea promotion and idea implementation were less represented. The correlation analysis revealed that there are statistically significant, but generally low to moderate positive relationships between leadership styles and innovative work behavior. The strongest interrelationships were observed among the different dimensions of innovative work behavior, confirming that innovative activities constitute an interconnected process. Based on the findings, it was confirmed that a high level of innovative work behavior is not present in companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The obtained results suggest the need for the development of more contemporary leadership styles and an organizational culture that encourages innovation.

A well-known characterization of Jordan vectors of a matrix polynomial $L(z)$ is generalized to a characterization of Jordan vectors of the operator-valued function $Q(z)$ at an eigenvalue $\alpha \in \mathbb{C}$. The results are then applied to solve a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations.