Basketball as a sports activity has evolved over its long history from an alternative game to a highly selective sport in which success is reserved exclusively for the most talented and capable individuals. The aim of the research was to examine the differences in the exertion of force produced on a surface for the dominant and non-dominant leg in basketball players of different levels of competition. The research was conducted on a sample of 33 subjects of senior age from three levels of basketball competition in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH). Exertion of the force exercised during the jump on a surface was obtained using the Gyko System and Opto Jump. The “Single leg jump” test procedure was used. It is concluded that 30-50% of the variables have a statistically significant difference, which partially indicates the existence of statistically significant differences in the exertion of force in the dominant and non-dominant leg. The biggest difference in the dominant and non-dominant leg was detected in subjects of the A1 League (3 out of 6 variables). The smallest difference was detected in the subjects of the A2 League (no statistically significant difference was detected in any variable). Subjects in the Premier League showed a difference in 2 of 6 variables (flight time and jump height). The results obtained indicate that regular practice with both legs, both in the game and in training, will help players become balanced and efficient in all aspects of the game. Based on these results, it is possible to construct test batteries that will provide quality information necessary for planning and programming in basketball.

The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a global call for action to end poverty, protect our planet's environment and climate, and provide opportunities for all people to enjoy peace and prosperity. Decarbonizing the transport sector is key to achieving the UN and EU climate goals. Under the Paris Agreement, EU countries have committed to making the EU climate-neutral by 2050. To achieve the goal of net neutrality, EU countries have set a goal to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions in all sectors (especially transport) by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels and to continue to gradually reduce emissions by 2050, when there should be zero greenhouse gas emissions from all sectors. The Regional Development Strategy, i.e. the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans, aims to respond to the challenges of climate change and green transition and to help the countries of the Western Balkans harmonize environmental regulations with European standards and norms. Electric mobility and management of E mobility is becoming a decisive element in the smart and sustainable development of cities and local communities as one of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The transition to electric mobility (e-mobility) in urban areas requires a combination of infrastructure, smart grid technologies, vehicle advances, and digital platforms to ensure efficiency, accessibility, and sustainability. Several cities around the world have successfully integrated e-mobility technologies into their urban transport systems. The paper analyses cities that showcase different aspects of electric mobility transformation, with a detailed analysis of the financial investments and economic benefits associated with e-mobility projects in each of the selected cities. Western Balkan cities are gradually adopting e-mobility solutions through subsidies for electric vehicles, expansion of charging infrastructure, electrification of public transport, and integration of micro-mobility. This paper analyses cities in Southeast Europe and the Western Balkans, the challenges in fully adopting e-mobility, and their efforts to implement smart and sustainable urban transport solutions.

Summary:The process of state succession, according to the rules of classical international law and the dominant theory of universal succession taken from Roman law, is inconsistent due to the sources of international law that regulate it. To standardize the practice of dealing with predecessor states and successor states in cases of succession, two international conventions were adopted: the Convention on the Succession of States concerning international treaties in 1978 and the Convention on the Succession of States concerning state property, archives, and debts in 1983. Although the former convention entered into force in 1996, the latter one never did. However, both conventions attempted to standardize the way succession cases are handled following international law. In the case of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), the process of succession following unconstitutional secession became highly politicized, particularly after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. The instrumentalization of international public law for political purposes in this case is still relevant today, as it highlights the politicization of international relations and legal norms. The Succession Agreement signed in 2001 was a positive step towards fairly dividing the assets and liabilities of the SFRY among the successor states. However, even 23 years after its signing, this process has not been completed. Furthermore, there have been violations of basic human rights by Croatia and Slovenia regarding the succession of acquired rights of former citizens of the SFRY, despite these countries now having the status of EU members. The conclusion suggests the necessity of further cooperation and solving key issues to achieve stability and prosperity in the region.

Renewable energy sources are of vital importance for solving the problem of energy stability, especially solar energy, which should become the cheapest source of electricity in almost all African countries by 2030. International financial institutions should step up the mobilization of private capital, act as first movers to absorb risk and protect investments. This would help promote projects that support vulnerable populations, lay the foundations for sustainable economic growth and ensure that Africa becomes an attractive destination for energy investment. Many people associate technologies like solar and wind power with the efforts they make to combat climate change. But for the world's most vulnerable populations, they are much more than a clean energy solution. In terms of energy sources, the continent of Africa has a huge potential that has remained largely untapped. Despite having large expanses for 60% of the best solar resources globally, Africa has about the same installed solar PV capacity as Belgium, a small country not known for its amount of solar energy utilization. There is also great potential for hydro, wind and geothermal energy in many African countries, and these energy sources can play an important role in diversifying and securing electricity supply. Responsible use of the continent's natural resources will be essential to its development.

Komunikacija odraslih osoba je tema brojnih istraživanja što ne iznenađuje uzimajući uobzir važnost komunikacije i njen utjecaj na svakodnevni život. Uspješno komuniciranje možemosvrstati među izrazito značajne životne vještine. Biološke razlike među spolovima dokazano utječu narazličitu podložnost određenim bolestima, ali i na primjetne bihevioralne razlike. Osim biološkihrazlika izvjesno je i da odgoj osoba muškog i ženskog spola, kao i društveni tretman, nisu u potpunostijednaki, kako zbog tradicijskih tako i kulturalnih vrijednosti, a sve navedeno ostavlja posljedice naponašanje i interpersonalne vještine pojedinca. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati pecepcijubosanskohercegovačke javnosti o postojanju razlika u komunikacijskim vještinama odraslih osoba uodnosu na spol. Rezultati istraživanja govore u prilog tvrdnjama da postoje značajne razlike upercepciji komunikacijskih vještina odraslih osoba u odnosu na pripadnost određenom spolu. Slabijerazvijene komunikacijske vještine, ali i različita komunikacijska očekivanja mogu dovesti doakumuliranja stresa i pojave konflikata odnosno neprimjerenih obrazaca ponašanja uključujućiagresivne i/ili nasilne ispade. Aplikativna vrijednost ovog rada se ogleda u ukazivanju na važnostkreiranja adekvatnih komunikacijskih pristupa prilagođenih komunikatorima, kao i pravovremenog iodgovarajućeg tretiranja nasilne komunikacije kao vida ponašajne patologije.

Cilj izricanja i izvršenja kazne zatvora je prevashodno resocijalizacija i reintegracijapočinioca krivičnog djela u društvo, nakon njenog izvršenja. U zatvorskom sistemu i sitemu izvršenjakazne zatvora, predviđeni su različiti načini ostvarivanja navedenih ciljeva kroz programe i tretmanekoji se provode kroz aktivnosti koje zatvorenici obavljaju u zatvorima poput: rada, obrazovanja,adekvatnog korištenja slobodnog vremena, različitih specijalnih edukacija, zatim sportske aktivnosti,kreative radionice, čitanje knjiga, pisanje literarnih radova, odvijanje niza terapija u okviru programarehabilitacije koje su povezane sa navedenin aktivnostima i sl. U tom pravcu su i autorice ovog radaprestavile značaj postojanja biblioteka i bogastvo bibliotečkog fonada te stanje u zatvorskimbibliotekama u zatvorskom sistemu u BiH. Nakon kratkog upoznavanja sa zatvorskim sistemom isistemom izvršenja kazne zatvora u BiH, posebnu pažnju su posvetile terapijskom radu i važnostipostojanja biblioteka radi rehabilitacije, zatim obrazovanja, važnosti raznih specijalnihedukacija, nekih obuka iz oblasti informatike te čitanju knjiga u slobodno vrijeme kao vidu kreativnei terapijske radionice. Veoma značajan dio rada su rezultati istraživanja o stanju u bibliotekama uzatvorskom sistemu u BiH i odgovor na postavljenu hipotezu "Bibliotečki fond u zatvorima u BiH neodgovara potrebama zatvorenika". Nakon provedenog intervjua i analize anketnih upitnikaprovedenih u nekoliko zatvora u BiH, autorice izvode zaključke o broju i sadržaju bibliotečkog fondazaključujući da li postojeće stanje zadovoljava potrebe zatvorenika u zatvorima. Na kraju predlažukako unaprijediti stanje u zatvorima u pogledu obogaćivanja zatvorskih biblioteka, a samim tim iomogućiti realizaciju programa obrazovanja, korisnog iskorištavanja slobodnog vremena i, ukonačnici, obezbjediti kvalitetniju resocijalizaciju.

This manuscript explores the significance of state estimation methods in electric power systems, with a particular focus on the role of Phasor Measurement Units. In the manuscript is presented the basic principles and advantages of state estimators in the absence of PMU measurements, followed by an analysis of how PMU measurements significantly enhance the accuracy of state estimations. Through a detailed review, we highlight the key characteristics of PMUs and how their synchronized data contributes to improved state estimation quality. The paper investigates the security aspects of state estimation, specifically focusing on malicious attacks through the injection of false measurements (FDIA). Using a concrete example, it is demonstrated how an FDIA attack can significantly impact the accuracy of state estimations by introducing inaccurate data into the system. The manuscript also considers a strategy for detecting such attacks through residual analysis

The paper presents the monitoring of biotic damage agents over a five-year period (from 2018 to 2022) at bio-indication point BIT I Štubik near Negotin, which includes oak trees (7/8 of all trees) and maple trees (1/8 of the total number of trees at the site). The presence of several types of biotic damage agents was recorded, some of which are very dangerous and significant. The most common were harmful insects, among which the most notable was the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar. At the end of the study in 2022, the highest number of undamaged trees was recorded (83.3%), while the most damage was present in 2019 when only 1/4 of the trees were undamaged. It can be said that the condition of the crowns is directly related to the percentage of biotic damage agents.

The contemporary landscape of global security is profoundly influenced by the phenomenonof terrorism, constituting a paramount concern of unparalleled magnitude. While terrorism hashistorically permeated the annals of state formations, its contemporary manifestation has witnessed amarked escalation and proliferation in recent decades. Contrary to popular belief which may confinethe specter of terrorism to the confines of the Old Continent or to nations characterized by democraticgovernance paradigms, its reach extends far beyond such boundaries, impacting diverse geographicallocales and transcending conventional societal demarcations. Indeed, terrorism in the present eraexacts a heavy toll, manifesting in myriad forms and encroaching upon all facets of communalexistence. In its deleterious wake, terrorism undermines the foundational tenets safeguarded by globallegal frameworks, thereby imperiling the bedrock principles that underpin civilizational norms. Thisscholarly exposition endeavors to scrutinize the multifaceted dimensions intrinsic to the phenomenonof terrorism, elucidating the intricate interplay of factors that precipitate recourse to violent means inthe pursuit of political objectives.

This paper explores the intricate balance between safeguarding the rights of minors and ensuring effective criminal justice in the examination of juvenile testimony within legal proceedings. Focused on the intersection of criminal law and juvenile justice, the study delves into the challenges and ethical considerations surrounding the interrogation and testimonial processes involving minors. The evolving landscape of juvenile criminal justice necessitates a nuanced approach that considers both the developmental vulnerabilities of young individuals and the imperative to uphold justice. The article addresses the fundamental tension between the rights of minors to fair treatment and the societal interest in uncovering the truth. The examination of minors in criminal proceedings requires a delicate balance, considering factors such as cognitive development, susceptibility to coercion, and the potential impact of trauma. The paper critically evaluates existing legal frameworks and proposes innovative strategies to enhance the protection of juvenile rights without compromising the pursuit of justice.

In this paper, the authors used multi-criteria decision-making to select among the offered types of tractors with the aim of determining the possible effects of certain weight coefficients on the final ranking of alternatives. For the purpose of determining the weights of the given criteria, three objective decision-making methods were used (Entropy, MEREC, and CRITIC), while the MABAC (Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison) method was used for the final ranking. The results of the research show that different weights were obtained for individual criteria, but this did not significantly affect the choice of the best alternative. In all three cases of objective criteria evaluation, the X8 660 tractor was the best alternative in the final ranking. The results are important as they confirm the effective use of the mentioned methods. However, future research should compare these methods with a group of subjective methods to make the final decision in this field as rational as possible.Key words: Tractors, MABAC method, Entropy method, MEREC method, CRITIC method

The paper examines the possibilities of applying solar cooling in B&H, since the potential of solar energy is great. The goal is to reduce primary energy consumption, as well as to reduce emissions of harmful gases, primarily CO2. The feasibility of a single-stage H2O/LiBr absorption cooling device powered by heat from solar collectors for a building in Tuzla was investigated, as well as a comparison with the existing compression cooling device. A solar cooling system was selected for the calculated heat load values. A mathematical model for the absorption single-stage cooling cycle has been developed that includes mass and energy balance equations as well as heat exchange equations. The absorption system is designed for the maximum cooling load of the specified facility.

Atherosclerotic diseases are among the leading causes of mortality in the world and in our country. In the last few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of the disease. Interest in risk factors for atherosclerotic disease began at the beginning of the last century when hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperuricemia were first emphasized. In later research, the World Health Organization introduced the term metabolic syndrome (MSy). In 2001, the Expert Group for the Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Cholesterol in Adults (ATP III) provided a new definition of MSy that is considered the most widely used in clinical practice, where the presence of MSy is determined by the presence of three of the following five risk factors: abdominal obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased HDL level and hyperglycemia. This definition has undergone a whole series of corrections, of which the definition of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) should be singled out, which tightened the criteria for abdominal obesity, which became a mandatory risk factor and hyperglycemia. It is estimated that the frequency of MSy in the older population over 20 years is over 30%, and in the patients with atherosclerotic disease over 55%. In addition, healthy habits can also contribute to the risk of developing atherosclerotic diseases, primarily physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, smoking and dietary habits. Early recognition and detection of risk factors for atherosclerosis is the most important way to prevent the disease and its complications.