Kullanim sirasinda farkli islemler baskili tekstil urunlerini etkiler ve bu islemlerden en yaygin olanlarindan biri yikama islemidir. Yikama islemi tekstil yapisinin ve tekstil liflerinin modifikasyonuna neden olur. Bu arastirmanin amaci, elyaf baskili pamuklu orme tekstil malzemelerinin baski kalitesi parametrelerine yikama isleminin, yikama islem sicakliginin ve baskili malzemenin ozelliklerinin etkilerini belirlemektir. Renk indeksi uzerinden spektrofotometrik analiz ve makro daginiklik analizi kullanilarak etkiler belirlenecektir. Arastirma sonuclari, yikama islemlerinin sayisinin arttirilmasinin ve ayni zamanda yikama sicakliginin arttirilmasinin, yikanmis ve yikanmamis numuneler arasindaki renk farkinin artmasina neden oldugunu gostermektedir. Ayni zamanda, substrat ozelliklerin renk farkliliklari uzerinde buyuk etkisi oldugunu da gosterir. Bunun yaninda, yikama islemi ayni zamanda baski kalitesinde gozle gorulur degisikliklere neden olur ki bu yine substrat ozelliklerine baglidir.

The paper explains main characteristics of existing Ottoman monuments in several Balkan countries. Ottoman architectural activity in the Balkan provinces largely reflected architectural styles founded in the principal centers of the Ottoman Empire. A few buildings were designed by the principal architects of the Empire. Traces of local diversity can be found in the designs together with certain variations in building typology, which reflect prevailing social and environmental conditions as well as local traditions, building technique and materials. Among the remaining monuments of urban environments, besides bridges, hans , hammams , and other building types, mosques largely witness a long and rich architectural Ottoman past. Concerning the typology of a mosque, mostly a single–domed type with a three–bay portico and slender minaret was the common model throughout the Balkans from the 16 th to 18 th century. Today this model still remains in the eyes of many Muslim communities and individuals the ideal model of an Islamic place of worship. The twentieth century, however, has revealed a divergence in approach to the mosque design. While numerous mosques in some Balkan countries are designed on the populist vision of the Ottoman model, a growing number of architects seek to develop a contemporary idiom in mosque design as an appropriate expression of Muslim societies.

In this paper morphological-hydrographic changes in the area of the coal open pit "Turija" in Banovići basin (north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina) are researched. The study was based on the field data and comparative analysis of topographic maps, satellite images, Digital Elevation Model and situational plans of the open pit area. With conducted GIS analysis of natural and anthropogenic relief of open pit "Turija" the changes in the structure of hypsometric level, slope and aspect, and the changes in the surface hydrographical network etc. are determined. The general trend of ground levelling, decrease in altitude differences, gradual disappearance of physical micro relief, disappearance of geomorphologic boundaries on the surface, disorganization of hydrographical network, the development of positive and negative forms of relief, and greater presence of physical-anthropogenic processes and forms in relation to physical ones are determined. Reduction of territories with southerly, easterly and westerly aspects, and a significant increase in territories with northerly aspect is also determined. Geospatial data obtained by GIS after their analytical and synthetic processing are geovisualized. Ten thematic maps were made and they provide insight into resulted changes in the researched geographical area. The explored indicators can serve as a significant factor in the future planning and selection of the type of re-cultivation of degraded areas in the area of research.

In this paper, the authors work on the basis of the present knowledge, especially in the interest of realization of the concept of long-term development of tourism, to point out the need and representational basis for the separation of tourist-geographic regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The basis of the functional tourist and economic regionalization of Bosnia and Herzegovina served the concept of separation of tourist-geographical regions. The research of tourism development of the Tuzla region within this work requires the spatial definition, ie the demarcation of the tourist region in the area of ​​Northern Bosnia. During the delimitation of the Tuzla tourist region, the former geo-tourist and economic concepts of the Northeast Bosnia-Herzegovina regionalization were taken into account with six proposals being made. For this purpose, a geographic analysis was carried out and proposals for certain corrections of the former physiognomic boundaries and the spatial coverage of regional units of the first and second level were made, along with the established guidelines for further research in this field. During the field research conducted, the emphasis was placed on the detailed attribution of tourism potential and their role in spatial organization and tourism development. Motives and goals basically come down to the need to establish a more effective coordination of tourism development at the Tuzla tourist region, linking tourism destinations, to a range of common development issues, and achieving greater efficiency of the overall economic development. This paper provides a short analysis of the areas where there are tourism resources and facilities with the dominant function of tourism, i.e. in which tourism can become a dominant economic activity.

Total number and types of hemocytes were analysed in hemolymph of Roman snail (Helix pomatia L.). Significant differences in the number and types of hemocytes during the season at different locations were identified. The average number of hemocytes ranged from 154 to 288 per 10 μL of hemolymph. The highest number of hemocytes was recorded in snails at higher altitudes. Significant intergroup differences between all sites were identified. The most numerous hemocytes were granulocytes, followed by agranulocytes, while hyalinocytes were the least common in the post-hibernation period. Post hoc analysis showed certain intragroup differences for most locations except for comparison between wet habitat and habitats with anthropogenic influence, and between wet habitats and urban place with wet vegetation. A large number of transformed hemocytes in the encapsulated phase were identified in snail hemolymph infected with flat worms. Our results represent the first record of data for the number of hemocytes in molluscs and the first data for hemocytes of Helix pomatia. Further investigations and development of a uniform classification of hemocytes and their role in the immune response would be necessary in the future.

Considering that a small number of drugs are completely safe for use during pregnancy, the right choice and adequate risk assessment are extremely important. The aim of this study was to analyze factors associated with the estimation of high teratogenic risk (as judged by clinical pharmacologist) in pregnant females who were prescribed anti-infective drugs or mild analgesics. A cross-sectional study included 284 pregnant women who came for an advice about teratogenic risk to clinical pharmacologist in Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Serbia during the period from 1997 to 2012. All of the included pregnant women were prescribed mild analgesics and/or anti-infective drugs during the first 3 months of pregnancy. The data were collected from patient files and by phone interviews. Clinical pharmacologists estimated the risk of teratogenicity as ìhighî in pregnant females who were using tetracyclines or propionic acid derivatives. Disorders of development reported by mothers during phone interviews were associated with cephalosporin use during the first 3 months of pregnancy, while miscarriages or abortions happened more often in women who used a tetracycline. Estimate of risk from congenital anomalies after use of drugs during pregnancy, which makes clinical pharmacologists as part of their routine healthcare services, depends on the amount of published data about previous experiences with specific drugs during the first 3 months of pregnancy.

Introduction and objective: Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for the plant and it is necessary for maintain physiological processes, notably photosynthesis, but its higher content in the soil may negative affect the plant, and consequently human health. The objective of this study was to examine the Mn accumulation in edible parts of tested food crops growing on soils near two Mn ore deposits in Bužim municipality (active Mn mine Bužim and Mn ore deposits Radostovo). Methods: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine Mn content in soils and edible parts of different food crops; onions, cabbage strawberry, garlic, potato, pepper, beans and raspberry. Results: The content of Mn available forms, and accumulation in edible parts of examined food crops was significantly higher in soils in the area around Mn mine Bužim although the content of the total Mn in the soils at the site Radostovo were much higher. Considering that soils in the area around Mn mine Bužim are much more acidic than soils at the site Radostovo, it is evident that soil pH is one of the key factors in the assessment of Mn availability in soil. The results of study also showed that the content of Mn in edible parts of all tested food crops did not exceed the toxic value for Mn in plants (400 mg/kg). Conclusions: From the point of view of soil pollution with Mn, both examined sites can be considered suitable for production of healthy food.

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Ciprofloxacin, CFL is a drug that belongs to the second generation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics with a wide range of effects on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this work was to investigate the interaction of CFL as ligand with divalent biological cations (Mn2+, Ni2+ and Co2+) in approximate physiological conditions. Synthesized complexes were characterized using FTIR and stereo-microscopy. Antimicrobial screening was performed on bacterial strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of FTIR spectroscopy showed that the M(II) complexes with CFL were formed through the oxygen donors of the carboxyl and carbonyl group of the ligand. Stereo-microscopic characterization revealed the difference in color and size of crystals of the ligand and metal complexes. Antimicrobial screening has shown that CFL and complexes have almost similar antimicrobial activity against investigated bacterial strains.