Besides the quality of colour reproduction itself, there are other secondary print quality attributes. Secondary print quality evaluation is very important and is influenced primarily by the print method and type of substrate. For textile printers, there is an additional challenge related to macro non-uniformities due to the nature of the substrate. One of these secondary quality attributes is print mottle, which is influenced by macro non-uniformities that remain at the top layer of the print after the ink is fixed on the substrate. Print mottle values primarily consist of an analysis of macro non-uniformities and can be analysed using the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method, among others. In this study, the GLCM method was used as well as the macro non-uniformity index or NU value verification method performed by ImageJ software. Four different textile printing methods and one cotton fabric substrate are used. The objective is to examine print mottle and the impact of printing method on macro non-uniformities. The printing methods include DTF, DTG, screen printing, and screen transfer printing. The aim is to compare the results of different printing methods and to determine their relation to perceived non-uniformity as assessed visually.

In this study, the influence of the type of extract (leaf and rhizome of R. japonica) and the type of copper-based mordant (copper (I) oxide - Cu2O and copper (II) sulfate - CuSO4) on the spectroscopic and antimicrobial properties of dyed wool knitwear was investigated. The antimicrobial activity of all samples was tested against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the yeast Candida albicans. It was observed that knitted fabrics dyed with R. Japonica leaf extract and Cu2O show a better antimicrobial effect on S. aureus bacteria compared to knitted fabrics dyed with the addition of CuSO4. However, in the case of knitwear dyed with R. Japonica rhizome extract, we have the opposite case; CuSO4 proved to be better as a mordant. Conductance was measured using the dielectric spectroscopy method in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 100 kHz. The highest increase in conductivity was observed in the sample dyed with the rhizome extract of R. Japonica and Cu2O, where the increase at the frequency of 24 kHz was 20 times higher compared to the initial sample. The obtained results of the coloration spectrophotometric analysis of the samples show that the highest colour strength (K/S) was achieved with the sample dyed with R. Japonica leaf extract and CuSO4. The obtained results indicate the possibility of using the tested knitwear for antimicrobial as well as electro protection.

Physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, fast-paced lifestyle, as well as genetic predispositions lead to the appearance of diabetes mellitus, and with it many other complications, of which diabetic foot syndrome is very common. In order to avoid complications with the diabetic foot, one of the forms of prevention is wearing specially designed footwear that protects and reduces the pressure on the foot and thus the risk of ulcers. Insoles also play a big role in preventing complications. The paper will present a conceptual solution of a model of footwear for patients with diabetes mellitus and a prototype of an insole made of knitwear, which was previously printed with medical clay, honey and extracts of the plants Rosmarinus officinalis and Zingiber officinale. Samples of knitwear that were printed with a paste containing Rosmarinus officinalis extract showed exceptional antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Replaceable insoles for footwear are intended for the prevention of complications from Diabetes mellitus.

In order to remove harmful microorganisms, textile materials are subjected to various types of antimicrobial treatments. Skin infections represent a permanent diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, and can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. In this paper, the impact of printing insoles with alginate paste, modified bentonites and Picea omorika plant extract on their antimicrobial, dielectric and sorption properties was investigated. It was found that the printed insoles show a certain antimicrobial effect on the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the yeast Candida albicans. The obtained values of specific conductivity are in agreement with the tested parameter of the sorption properties of the insoles.

It is known that gloss has a significant impact on colour measurement. The UV varnish used for surface finishing, spot effects, as well as special effects, such as 3D effects and formation of Braille, has a pronounced gloss effect. In this work, a comparison of the spectrophotometer measurement geometry influence on the colour measurement of an unprinted PVC sample covered with UV varnish was done. UV varnish was applied successively in layers, and patches with different number of varnish layers, from 1 to 12, were formed. Two spectrophotometers with different measurement geometries were used for the measurement: Konica Minolta CM-2600d with d/8 measurement geometry, with spectral reflection included and excluded, and different measurement aperture 3 and 8 mm, and X-Rite eXact with 45/0 measurement geometry. By comparing the measurements, it was estab-lished that there is a significant difference in the measured values between different measuring device geometries on the given samples, and that the number of UV varnish layers has a significant influence on this differenc

High surface texture of textile materials is rougher than other printing substrates which can cause excessive macro non-uniformity. Adding metal oxides into the ink to enhance material properties usually add to surface roughness and increase print mottle. In this paper copper(I)oxide particles and different amounts of Pinus sylvestris L. plant extract were added to modified alginate paste (CHT-NV) prior to printing. The aim of this paper is to inspect the influence of added metal oxide and plant extract on the print quality of linen based material via surface macro non-uniformity GLCM determination method. In the pattern recognition phase, the co-occurrence matrix is applied to calculate the texture characteristics, such as contrast, correlation, energy, entropy and homogeneity. The research results indicated that the metal oxide particles have had a negative influence on macro uniformity of printed linen. Increasing of the concentration of extract leads to a dilution of the printing paste, and thus to a greater penetration of copper ions between the threads of the fabric, as well as into the yarn itself.

PurposeThe research aims to examine the varying influence of printed inkjet ink on the warm/cool feeling and air permeability of printed textile materials and thus on the thermal properties of printed garments.Design/methodology/approachThe influence of different number of printing pass and different tone value (TV) coverage was examined. The tested samples were printed with water-based pigment inkjet inks with 10, 50 and 100% TVs with one, three and five printing passes. The tested samples were subjected to thermal characteristics testing by measuring the warm/cool feeling and air permeability before and after printing.FindingsThe research results showed that there is an increase in the value of the warm/cool feeling by increasing the amount of applied ink on the textile material, which occurs by increasing the TVs and the number of printing pass. At the same time values of air permeability decrease by increasing the number of printing pass, as well as by increasing TVs.Originality/valueBased on the results, mathematical models of the dependence of the warm/cool feeling value of printed textile materials on the air permeability and parameters of digital inkjet printing were created. These models are important in clothing design because they show in advance the values of the warm/cool feeling of the clothes being designed and thus enable the design of clothes for different purposes with optimal esthetic and thermal properties.

Textile materials are increasingly being subjected to the process of printing. The printing process with its parameters significantly affects the properties of textile materials and clothes made from these materials. This paper examines the effect of the parameters of inkjet printing on thermal resistance characteristics of printed textile materials. As the essential print parameters were selected tone value and a different number of passes. In this research were used knitted fabric materials of 100% cotton fibers and 100% polyester fibers. Results of the research demonstrated that, in addition to material composition, the inkjet printing process with its parameters have a significant influence on the thermal resistance of printed textile materials. The values of the thermal resistance of the printed samples show that the increase in the number of applications of ink in the printing results in a rise in the value on cotton knitwear, and decrease in thermal resistance value on polyester knitwear.

Kullanim sirasinda farkli islemler baskili tekstil urunlerini etkiler ve bu islemlerden en yaygin olanlarindan biri yikama islemidir. Yikama islemi tekstil yapisinin ve tekstil liflerinin modifikasyonuna neden olur. Bu arastirmanin amaci, elyaf baskili pamuklu orme tekstil malzemelerinin baski kalitesi parametrelerine yikama isleminin, yikama islem sicakliginin ve baskili malzemenin ozelliklerinin etkilerini belirlemektir. Renk indeksi uzerinden spektrofotometrik analiz ve makro daginiklik analizi kullanilarak etkiler belirlenecektir. Arastirma sonuclari, yikama islemlerinin sayisinin arttirilmasinin ve ayni zamanda yikama sicakliginin arttirilmasinin, yikanmis ve yikanmamis numuneler arasindaki renk farkinin artmasina neden oldugunu gostermektedir. Ayni zamanda, substrat ozelliklerin renk farkliliklari uzerinde buyuk etkisi oldugunu da gosterir. Bunun yaninda, yikama islemi ayni zamanda baski kalitesinde gozle gorulur degisikliklere neden olur ki bu yine substrat ozelliklerine baglidir.