The authors analyze transformations of landscape topography of the open pit "Grivice" in Banovići basin (Northeastern Bosnia). This complex research is based on field screening and GIS analysis of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of researches terrain. Specifically, two DEMs of the Grivice area were prepared, a natural model based on a topographic map, scale 1:25000, issued in 1976 by the Military Geographical Institute (MGI) from Belgrade, while the Google satellite image from 2018 and the Digital Surface Model (DSM) were used for the anthropogenic model,issued in 2018 by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). Using methods and algorithms integrated in QGIS, raster and vector values of treated transformation parameters(hypsometry, slope and aspect, hydrographic network, etc.) were obtained, and their analytical-synthetic interpretation and geovisualization were also performed. Finally, ten thematic maps,which illustrate the anthropogenic transformation of the landscape topography of the researched area, were created.

In this paper morphological-hydrographic changes in the area of the coal open pit "Turija" in Banovići basin (north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina) are researched. The study was based on the field data and comparative analysis of topographic maps, satellite images, Digital Elevation Model and situational plans of the open pit area. With conducted GIS analysis of natural and anthropogenic relief of open pit "Turija" the changes in the structure of hypsometric level, slope and aspect, and the changes in the surface hydrographical network etc. are determined. The general trend of ground levelling, decrease in altitude differences, gradual disappearance of physical micro relief, disappearance of geomorphologic boundaries on the surface, disorganization of hydrographical network, the development of positive and negative forms of relief, and greater presence of physical-anthropogenic processes and forms in relation to physical ones are determined. Reduction of territories with southerly, easterly and westerly aspects, and a significant increase in territories with northerly aspect is also determined. Geospatial data obtained by GIS after their analytical and synthetic processing are geovisualized. Ten thematic maps were made and they provide insight into resulted changes in the researched geographical area. The explored indicators can serve as a significant factor in the future planning and selection of the type of re-cultivation of degraded areas in the area of research.

Konec 20. in začetek 21. stoletja na območju Tuzlanskega kantona zaznamujejo negativni demografski trendi, kot so upadanje rodnosti, naraščanje smrtnosti, zmanjševanje naravnega prirastka, staranje prebivalstva, zmanjševanje skupnega števila prebivalstva, medtem ko so po letu 1995 neugodne ekonomske, socialne, politične in druge razmere povečale ekonomsko emigracijo, predvsem v populaciji med 20. in 40. letom starosti. Kot rezultat takšnih demografskih trendov se je v povojnem obdobju pospešil proces staranja prebivalstva, kar obrne trend upadanja potencialne biodinamike in vitalnosti prebivalstva. Zaradi negativnih demografskih trendov na tem območju je prišlo do zmanjšanja populacije osnovnošolske starosti. Cilj tega prispevka je identificirati glavne dejavnike, ki vplivajo na to zmanjšanje, kot tudi stopnjo njihovega vpliva na ta proces, s posebnim poudarkom na naravni dinamiki prebivalstva in intenzivni emigraciji prebivalstva. Če v prihodnosti ne bodo sprejeti ustrezni ukrepi populacijske politike, se lahko negativni demografski trendi še bolj izrazijo, kar bi lahko negativno vplivalo na osnovnošolsko izobraževanje v občinah Tuzlanskega kantona.