It has long been recognized that learning content is very useful for developing the intellectual and creative abilities of children. Modern teaching requires dynamic, diverse teaching and its adaptability to the abilities of each individual student. This implies a skillful combination of modern teaching materials, methods, forms and the choice of teaching form in each lesson. In that context, motivational games in the class have a special function. It is common knowledge of every teacher that students in classes need to be encouraged towards full engagement of cognitive abilities. This is not always easy to achieve. In every class, psychological preparation (application) is necessary to mobilize students' attention in the shortest possible period of time, prepare them for cognitive activities, whether it is preparation for the processing of new teaching contents, doing exercises or repeating old material. In all this, well selected motivational games can play a significant role. With engagement of cognitive process in solving such tasks, students can find successful solutions in a short time, and success is the best motive for further work in class.

To evaluate and promote ecologically responsible practices in the sintering business, conducting a sustainability evaluation of sintering flue gas is essential. An important step in making iron and steel, sintering releases flue gas emissions that, if not controlled, may harm the environment. Reducing emissions, improving energy efficiency, managing waste, using water, utilizing resources, monitoring community effects, complying with regulations, conducting a life cycle assessment, and continuously improving are all part of the assessment's extensive scope. When these aspects are considered, stakeholders may better understand the economic, social, and environmental effects of sintering flue gas management. This paper used the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology to evaluate the criteria. We used the DEMATEL method as an MCDM method. The DEMATEL is used to build the relation between the criteria. We collect ten criteria in this study. We compute the criteria weights to show this study’s best and worst criterion. The DEMATEL method is used to draw the effect diagram between criteria.

This chapter presents the possibilities of applying cryptography and steganography in design advanced methods of medical software. The proposed solution has two modules: medical data encryption and medical data hiding. In the first module for the encryption of patient data a Catalan crypto-key is used combined with the LatticePath combinatorial problem. In the second module for hiding patient data, the Catalan stego-key and medical image is used. The objective of the second part is to explain and investigate the existing author's method to steganography based on the Catalan numbers in the design of medical software. The proposed solution is implemented in the Java programming language. In the experimental part, cryptanalysis and steganalysis of the proposed solution were given. Cryptanalysis is based on time and storage complexity, leaking information and machine learning-based identification of the encryption method. Also, steganalysis is based on the amount of information per pixel in stego image, approximate entropy and bit distribution in stego-images.

The idea for establishing this kind of publication, named as “EFMI Inside” Newsletter was born in Lyon in August 2019, during “MEDINFO 2019” Conference and EFMI Council meeting, when Catherine Chronaki, Izet Masic, Arriel Benis, Paris Gallos, Lacramiora Stoicu-Tivadar, Alfred Winter and some other EFMI friends discussed and concluded to start with some kind of magazine in which we can record important and prompt facts and information about past, current and future activities of the European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) available for readers worldwide online and in print. EFMI has other types of spreading information about important facts of its activities, such as “Reports”, addressing mostly EFMI Council members, presented by national representatives and working group chairs in EFMI. This publication will be an important and useful resource of EFMI and its activities for everybody who wants to be familiar with Medical informatics development and achievements in all areas of this academic and scientific discipline in European countries, but also, worldwide. In the first issue of of “EFMI Inside” readers can find contributions of influential medical informatics persons, former or current EFMI Council members: Presidents or Chairs of Working Groups, Honorary Fellows, and other EFMI members who were actively involved in the development of Medical informatics in their countries, but also worldwide. A lot of facts and stories “inside” EFMI are shared for the first time in this newsletter, to look back and think about the future of Medical Informatics in a rapidly changing world. All suggestions and new ideas for the next issues will be appreciated.

Pinus heldreichii (Bosnian pine) is a Balkan-Apennine endemic and relict pine species that inhabits high mountains in the Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean regions. Nineteen populations of P. heldreichii from the Western Balkans encompassing 187 individual trees were examined to evaluate morphological variation, a rarely studied aspect of the species. Univariate and multivariate statistics were applied in order to assess the variation of morphological traits of cones and seeds, evaluate the relationships among the sampled populations and verify geographic differentiation in the Dinaric Alps versus Scardo-Pindic mountains. The observations of P. heldreichii covering the populations from the western margins and the centre of the species distribution range indicated a morphological variation among populations and their geographic structure. In general, the southern populations (Scardo-Pindic group) had lower values for the most of morphological traits than the northern ones (Dinaric group). The observed geographic differences between these populations exhibit a north-western to south-eastern gradient, with a few inconsistencies. The southernmost sampled population, Tomorr in Albania, showed remarkable morphological divergence from the other studied populations and appeared to be a distinct morphological group. The pattern of morphological variation in Bosnian pine most likely resulted from multiple effects of long-term isolation and fragmentation in high mountain systems, adaptation to extreme environments and human disturbances.

276 Erciyes Med J 2020; 42(3): 276–80 • DOI: 10.14744/etd.2020.86429 ORIGINAL ARTICLE – OPEN ACCESS This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Edin Begic , Slobodan Obradovic , Slobodan Jankovic , Radoslav Romanovic , Nemanja Djenic , Boris Dzudovic , Zoran Jovic , Dragana Malovic , Vesna Subota , Milena Stavric , Farid Ljuca , Zumreta Kusljugic Increased High Sensitive C-reactive Protein is Associated with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events after STEMI Objective: This study aims to investigate whether the high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is associated with an ejection fraction of left ventricle (EFLV) in the early phase of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), treated with the primary percutaneous intervention (pPCI), and to establish whether there exists a relationship between its values and the presence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within six months of pPCI. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 357 patients who were diagnosed with STEMI and who underwent pPCI within 24 hours of pain onset were included. The following were monitored and recorded: 1) hsCRP values, which were measured between 24 and 48 hours of pPCI, 2) EFLV values, which were measured five days after the pPCI, and 3) MACE, which was established within six months of pPCI. Results: The EFLV values measured five days after the pPCI were significantly lower with increasing hsCRP values (rho=0.384, p<0.0001). There was a significant difference in hsCRP values between patients who had MACE and those without it (38.35 [98.10] vs. 12.97 [23.80], p=0.0001). In addition, hsCRP values were significantly increased in patients who died during the first six months after the pPCI compared with patients who survived (115.00 [202.80] vs. 15.84 [31.5], p=0.001). Conclusion: The hsCRP values in patients with STEMI who were treated with the pPCI are related to systolic function in the early phase of STEMI, as well as MACE during the first six months of follow-up.

In general, polynomial difference equations and polynomial maps in the plane have been studied in both the real and complex domains (see [8, 9]). First results on quadratic polynomial difference equation have been obtained in [1, 2] but these results gave us only a part of the basins of attraction of equilibrium points and period-two solutions. In [4], the general second order difference equation is completely investigated and described the regions of initial conditions in the first quadrant for which all solutions tend to equilibrium points, period-two solutions, or the point at infinity, except for the case of infinitely many period-two solutions. In [3], case of infinitely many period-two solutions is completely investigated. Our results are based on the theorems which hold for monotone difference equations. Our principal tool is the theory of monotone maps, and in particular cooperative maps, which guarantee the existence and uniqueness of the stable and unstable invariant manifolds for the fixed points and periodic points (see [5]). Consider the difference equation

Good economy and high thermal efficiency of medium-speed diesel engines with direct fuel injection are very favourable characteristics in terms of energy conservation and combating global warming. Despite favourable fuel consumption and high efficiency, high emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM) are a major problem researchers working on diesel engine development must address. Certainly the biggest challenge today is to make a compromise between optimal nitrogen oxide (NOX) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. Today, nitrogen oxide (NOX) reduction techniques are widely accepted and based on a combination of diluting in-cylinder air charge with a certain amount of exhaust gas, known as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and exhaust gas after-treatment using various sophisticated techniques. Results of the influence of the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOX), obtained by experimental research on a medium-speed diesel engine are presented in this paper.