This paper shows how to integrate data from enterprise database with spatial data, publish them together to online interactive map, and enable public users to perform analysis in simple web interface. The fact, that this is a public site, where users are not known in advanced and not trained, calls for importance of usability and intuitive user interface design. Also, system administrators are not willing to invest a lot of time in learning the basics of a system, and data providers need effective geoportals to enable access to spatial data and services via the Internet. All these needs should be reconciled during the implementation of the solution. Due to increasing interest of forestry and agricultural organizations in spatial data infrastructure (SDI) development and public users' needs for biomass data web presentation and analysis in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as case study is used the project of Biomass Potential Database with Online Atlas development. Additionally, here is proposed application of the geoportal using online atlas as spatial decision support tool.

Introduction: Results of preclinical and clinical studies in medicine could be trusted only if their design and statistical analysis were appropriate. Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate whether preclinical and clinical studies published in medical journals of Bosnia and Herzegovina satisfy basic requirements for appropriate design and statistical interpretation of data. Methods: Preclinical and clinical studies published in medical journals of Bosnia and Herzegovina were retrieved from the PubMed database, and the sample for analysis was randomly chosen from the retrieved publications. Implementation rate of basic principles of experimental design (local control, randomization and replication) and rate of the most common errors in design of clinical/observational studies was established by careful reading of the sampled publications and their checking against predefined criteria. Results: Our study showed that only a minority of experimental preclinical studies had basic principles of design completely implemented (7%), while implementation rate of single aspects of appropriate experimental design varied from as low as 12% to as high as 77%. Only one of the clinical/observational studies had none of the errors searched for (2%), and specific errors rates varied from 10% to 89%. Average impact factor of the surveyed studies was around one, and average publication date recent, less than 5 years ago. Conclusion: Prevalence of preclinical studies that did not follow completely basic principles of research design, and that of clinical/observational studies with errors are high, raising suspicion to validity of their results. If incorrect and not protected against bias, results of published studies may adversely influence future research.

Introduction: COVID-19 is the disease caused by an infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, first identified in the city of Wuhan, in China’s Hubei province in December 2019. COVID-19 was previously known as 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) respiratory disease before the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the official name as COVID-19 in February 2020. Aim: The aim of this study is to search scientific literature in the biomedicine and analyzed current results of investigations regarding morbidity and mortality rates as consequences of COVID-19 infection of Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and other most common chronic diseases which are on the top mortality and morbidity rates in almost all countries in the world. Also, to propose most useful measures how to prevent patients to keep themselves against COVID-19 infection. Methods: We used method of descriptive analysis of the published papers with described studies about Corona virus connected with CVD, and, also, Guidelines proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC), and some other international associations which are included in global fighting against COVID-19 infection. Results: After searching current scientific literature we have acknowledged that not any Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) study in the world during last 5 months from the time when first cases of COVID-10 infection was detected. Also, there is no unique proposed ways of treatments and drugs to protect patients, especially people over 65 years old, who are very risk group to be affected with COVID-19. Expectations that vaccine against COVID-19 will be produced optimal during at least 10 months to 2 years, and in all current Guidelines most important proposed preventive measures are the same like which one described in Strategic documents of WHO, in statements of Declaration of Primary Health Care in Alma Ata in 1978. Conclusion: WHO proposed preventive measures can be helpful to everybody. Physicians who work at every level of Health Care Systems, but especially at primary health care level, must follow those recommendations and teach their patients about it. But, the fact is that current focus of COVID-19 epidemic has targeted on protection of physical health of population in global, however, the influence on mental health which will be one of the important consequences of COVID-19 pandemic in the future, and which could be declared as «Post-coronavirus Stress Syndrome„ (PCSS) could be bigger challenge for Global Public Health.

The main objective of this study was to determine the content of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Hg and metalloid As in samples of date mussels Lithophaga lithophaga L., 1758 in order to evaluate the health risks for mussel consumers. Samples of shellfish were obtained from commercial sources and fishery in the area of Sarajevo. The content of heavy metals and arsenic is determined in a total of 46 samples. Samples were prepared by microwave digestion. For the analysis of total As, cadmium and lead, an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with graphite furnace was used, while mercury content was determined using a direct Hg analyser. In all samples, the content of heavy metals and arsenic was above the quantification limit of the given methods. The content of all analysed metals and metalloid was below the limits of their maximum allowable concentration in food, according to the current regulations in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Union. Evaluation of the public health risks associated with date mussels' consumption indicates that there is no evident risk for a moderate adult consumer.

Introduction: The number of newly diagnosed skin cancers per year is greater than the sum of the four most common cancers: breast, prostate, lung, and colon. The implementation of primary and secondary prevention measures, over the last 2 to 3 decades, has made a major contribution to successful treatment. Aim: Evaluate the accuracy and reliability of teledermoscopic versus clinical diagnosis for skin cancers when diagnostic algorithms are used, and when GPs and surgical specialties are involved in the clinical procedure. Methods: Digital dermoscope (TS-DD, by Teleskin company) was used for the acquisition of teledermoscopic photographs and specialized teledermoscopic software was used for clinical examination and teledermoscopic consultation. The teledermoscopic procedure itself was performed in two steps. The first step was a clinical examination using the ABCDE rule with digital dermoscopic photography of the suspected lesion. The second step was a 2-step dermoscopic evaluation using the second step ABCD algorithm for the second step. Accuracy and diagnostic reliability were calculated for: teledermoscopic diagnosis versus histopathological diagnosis; clinical diagnosis versus histopathological diagnosis and teledermoscopic diagnosis versus clinical diagnosis. Results: The study included 120 patients with 121 Pigmented Skin Lesions, of which 75 (62%) were benign and 46 (38%) were malignant lesions (6 melanomas and 40 NonMelanoma Skin Cancers). Diagnostic accuracy between teledermoscopic and histopathologic diagnosis was 90.91% and reliability k=0.81; between clinical and histopathological diagnosis the diagnostic accuracy was 82.64% and the reliability k=0.64 and between the clinical and teledermoscopic diagnosis the diagnostic accuracy was 81.82% and the reliability k=0.62. Conclusion: The achieved diagnostic accuracy between clinical and teledermoscopic diagnosis, when using diagnostic algorithms, establishes a feasible screening path for skin cancers and indicates that general practitioners and specialized surgeons may equally be involved in prevention.

Distributed Ledger Technologies are one of the pillars of future technologies, prognozing to have a great impact to many aspects of our lives, including social, economic, juristic, security and many others. Bitcoin is still the most popular blockchain currency, but the opportunities to use Distribute Ledger Technologies are much more wide, outperforming financial applications as most known and popular. Besides blockchains, there are also other architectures of Distributed Ledger Technologies. This paper observes and analyses one technology as a very strong alternative to blockchains: hashgraphs, which are promising to outperform blockchains, but also tangles. Basis of their architecture and functionality will be explained and directions and prognosis of the further development will be given. The main paper contribution is a comparison of a hashgraph technology to its concurrent architectures, i.e. blockchains and tangles, considering different segments and different properties that define a quality of Distributed Ledgers.

Abstract A mathematical model which can describe flow and phase change of a number of phases at high temperatures is presented. It combines an interface capturing multiphase model, the P–1 radiation model, and a melting/solidification model. The resulting equations are solved by employing the finite volume discretization, a segregated solution procedure and the SIMPLE algorithm. The melting/solidification model is a finite rate model which in the limiting case behaves like a thermodynamic equilibrium model and it can also be used in situations where the phase change occurs within a range of temperatures as well as for problems where the phase change occurs at a constant temperature. The method is verified on a number of problems. The results obtained show a good agreement with exact solutions or results which can be found in literature.

This paper presents a data visualization method in 3D space that includes actual positions, volumes and space relations of the chunks of data that are being visualized. Data that is being visualized is real-time information provided by the smart warehouse management system about packages distributed on pallet places within a warehouse. Three different visualizations are shown: qualitative, quantitative and cumulative. The method is graded for the time needed to determine the location of all pallet places that fulfill searched criteria and getting the exact value of searched information for each pallet place. Challenges in presenting this data and interacting with resulting visualizations are discussed. It is concluded that showing actual positions of chunks of data greatly increases the speed of acquiring searched values and positions at the same time for outliers but has issues with clusters and multiple types of queried data.

This paper analyses the impact of the human body on antenna radiation characteristics, with a focus on the polarization aspect. The effect of the body tissues on a wrist-worn ultra-wideband double loop antenna radiation characteristics is investigated at 3, 4 and 5 GHz, based on numerical full-wave simulations complemented with a voxel model of a hand. Results show a strong influence of the body on the gain and polarization characteristics; the radiation in the direction towards the body is suppressed by 20 dB or more, and the antenna polarization changes from a linear to an elliptical one. By simulating an off-body communications scenario with the user walking at a fixed distance from the off-body antenna, up to 6.5 dB lower received power is obtained by using the wearable antenna radiation pattern simulated with the hand phantom, compared to the case when the antenna in free space.

This paper presents an empirical validation of a polarized channel model for off-body communications with dynamic users, based on wideband indoor measurements at 5.8 GHz with a 500 MHz bandwidth. The model is based on geometrical optics, and takes the signal depolarization and influence of user dynamics into account. By considering a scenario with the user walking towards an access point with co-located vertical and horizontal dipole antennas, the simulated receiver (Rx) power is compared against measurements for wearable antenna placements on the chest, wrist and lower leg. The obtained root mean square error is found to be within 2.8 dB for the vertical off-body antenna polarization, and within 3.2 dB for the horizontal one. Fairly matching Rx power values are obtained even when only free space propagation is considered in the simulator, with the error being below 3.4 dB in most cases.

Despite the rapid improvements in the field of microgrid protection, it continues to be one of the most important challenges faced by the distribution system operators. With the introduction of this new operation concept, the existing protection devices are not able to successfully identify, classify and localize different types of faults that occur in the microgrids due to their dynamic behaviour, especially in the islanded mode of operation. This paper presents a methodology that provides the station protection functionalities that include detection and classification of faults, isolation of the faulty feeder and fault location estimation. The proposed method is based on discrete wavelet transform and artificial neural networks. The test system based on the real data, completely developed in MATLAB Simulink, is used to demonstrate the accuracy of all functionalities of the station protection algorithm that can be easily applied in microgrids. The presented results demonstrated the method accuracy and showed that it can be used as an upgrade of the existing protection equipment for the future implementation of the advanced microgrid station protection system.

Abstract This paper presents an error performance analysis and a model of a narrow-band power line carrier (PLC) system for smart metering. Our work is founded on complex analysis based on the probability theory using limited, long-term measurement data of a rural 400 V distribution grid during operation. To obtain confident results, the analysis and modeling of the error performance were done in two steps. In the first step, the Neyman contagious distribution, originally derived in the fields of entomology and bacteriology, was applied to describe the probability distribution of errors in messages in consideration of the impulsive noise in the PLC channel and the influence of forward error correction techniques. In the second step, assuming the bit error rate (BER) was a random variable, where errors are randomly distributed in the sample rather than clustered into messages, the confidence interval of the true BER was calculated for different SNR values. The results served as a foundation for the error performance model proposed in this paper. The presented work is crucial for the research of upper layer communication protocols performance incorporating advanced phenomena at the physical layer.

Previous transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have identified breast cancer risk genes by integrating data from expression quantitative loci and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but analyses of breast cancer subtype-specific associations have been limited. In this study, we conducted a TWAS using gene expression data from GTEx and summary statistics from the hitherto largest GWAS meta-analysis conducted for breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor subtypes (ER+ and ER−). We further compared associations with ER+ and ER− subtypes, using a case-only TWAS approach. We also conducted multigene conditional analyses in regions with multiple TWAS associations. Two genes, STXBP4 and HIST2H2BA, were specifically associated with ER+ but not with ER− breast cancer. We further identified 30 TWAS-significant genes associated with overall breast cancer risk, including four that were not identified in previous studies. Conditional analyses identified single independent breast-cancer gene in three of six regions harboring multiple TWAS-significant genes. Our study provides new information on breast cancer genetics and biology, particularly about genomic differences between ER+ and ER− breast cancer.