Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), supported by UNICEF, are one of the most important global household survey programs that provide data on health and education of women and children. We analyze the Serbia 2014–2015 MICS dataset using topological data analysis which treats the data cloud as a topological space and extracts information about its intrinsic geometric properties. In particular, our analysis uses the Mapper algorithm, a dimension-reduction and clustering method which produces a graph from the data cloud. The resulting Mapper graph provides insight into various relationships between household wealth—as expressed by the wealth index, an important indicator extracted from the MICS data—and other parameters such as urban/rural setting, ownership of items, and prioritization of possessions. Among other uses, these findings can serve to inform policy by providing a hierarchy of essential amenities. They can also potentially be used to refine the wealth index or deepen our understanding of what it captures.

Book Review: Law in the Roman Provinces, (ed.) K. Czajkowski and B. Eckhardt: Oxford University Press, 2020, xii + 526 str.

Breast and cervical cancers comprise 50% of all cancers during pregnancy. In particular, gestational breast cancer is considered one of the most aggressive types of cancers, which is a rare but fatal disease. However, the incidence of this type of cancer is increasing over the years and its prevalence is expected to rise further as more women delay childbearing. Breast cancer occurring after pregnancy is generally triple negative with specific characterizations of a poorer prognosis and outcome. On the other hand, it has been pointed out that this cancer is associated with a specific group of genes which can be used as precise targets to manage this deadly disease. Indeed, combination therapies consisting of gene-based agents with other cancer therapeutics is presently under consideration. We herein review recent progress in understanding the development of breast cancer during pregnancy and their unique subtype of triple negative which is the hallmark of this type of breast cancer.

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja učinkovitosti skidera Ecotrac 55V. Istraživanje je provedeno u šumskom odjelu 89, gospodarska jedinica »Igman«, uz primjenu studija rada i vremena. Trajanje radnoga vremena ustanovljeno je »povratnom« metodom snimanja. Ovisnost vremena trajanja radnih operacija o utjecajnim čimbenicima utvrđena je uz primjenu višestruke regresijske analize. Primijenjena je sortimentna metoda izrade drva. Snimljeni su ovi utjecajni čimbenici: stanje traktorskoga puta (podloge), udaljenost privlačenja drva skiderom, udaljenost privitlavanja drva, broj komada u tovaru, obujam tovara i uzdužni nagib traktorskoga puta. Udio operativnoga vremena u ukupnom radnom vremenu iznosi 38,75 %, a udio vremena prekida rada 37,56 %. Norme vremena i učinka izražene su u ovisnosti o udaljenosti privlačenja, dok su za ostale utjecajne čimbenike korištene prosječne vrijednosti. Utvrđena je norma vremena u iznosu od 8,34 min/m3 za udaljenost privlačenja od 100 m, odnosno 17,65 min/m3 za 900 m. Učinak se traktora kreće u intervalu od 57,58 m3/radnom danu za udaljenost privlačenja od 100 m do 27,20 m3/radnom danu za 900 m. Analiza je pokazala da postoji mogućnost povećanja učinkovitosti primjenom bolje organizacije rada i smanjenjem udjela prekida rada u ukupnom radnom vremenu, osobito prekida iz organizacijskih i osobnih razloga (prekida zbog jela i prekida zbog odmora i osobnih potreba radnika).

Background In the past 3 decades, the arterial switch procedure has replaced the atrial switch procedure as treatment of choice for transposition of the great arteries. Although survival is superior after the arterial switch procedure, data on pregnancy outcomes are scarce and transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch is not yet included in the modified World Health Organization classification of maternal cardiovascular risk. Methods and Results The ROPAC (Registry of Pregnancy and Cardiac disease) is an international prospective registry of pregnant women with cardiac disease, part of the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme. Pregnancy outcomes in all women after an arterial switch procedure for transposition of the great arteries are described. The primary end point was a major adverse cardiovascular event, defined as combined end point of maternal death, supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias requiring treatment, heart failure, aortic dissection, endocarditis, ischemic coronary events, and thromboembolic events. Altogether, 41 pregnant women (mean age, 26.7±3.9 years) were included, and there was no maternal mortality. A major adverse cardiovascular event occurred in 2 women (4.9%): heart failure in one (2.4%) and ventricular tachycardia in another (2.4%). One woman experienced fetal loss, whereas no neonatal mortality was observed. Conclusions Women after an arterial switch procedure for transposition of the great arteries tolerate pregnancy well, with a favorable maternal and fetal outcome. During counseling, most women should be reassured that the risk of pregnancy is low. Classification as modified World Health Organization risk class II seems appropriate.

Background Numbers of psychiatric beds (general, forensic, and residential) and prison populations have been considered to be indicators of institutionalisation of people with mental illnesses. The present study aimed to assess changes of those indicators across Central Eastern Europe and Central Asia (CEECA) over the last three decades to capture how care has developed during that historical period. Methods We retrospectively obtained data on numbers of psychiatric beds and prison populations from 30 countries in CEECA between 1990 and 2019. We calculated the median of the percent changes between the first and last available data points for all CEECA and for groups of countries based on former political alliances and income levels. Findings Primary national data were retrieved from 25 out of 30 countries. Data from international registries were used for the remaining five countries. For all of CEECA, the median decrease of the general psychiatric bed rates was 33•8% between 1990 and 2019. Median increases were observed for forensic psychiatric beds (24•7%), residential facility beds (12•0%), and for prison populations (36•0%). Greater reductions of rates of psychiatric beds were observed in countries with lower per capita income as well as in countries that were formerly part of the Soviet Union. Seventeen out of 30 countries showed inverse trends for general psychiatric beds and prison populations over time, indicating a possible shift of institutionalisation towards correctional settings. Interpretation Most countries had decreased rates of general psychiatric beds, while there was an increase of forensic capacities. There was an increase in incarceration rates in a majority of countries. The large variation of changes underlines the need for policies that are informed by data and by comparisons across countries. Funding Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo in Chile, grant scheme FONDECYT Regular, grant number 1190613.

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem because of its high prevalence, associated complications and high treatment costs. Several aspects of CKD differ significantly in the Eastern European nephrology community compared with Western Europe because of different geographic, socio-economic, infrastructure, cultural and educational features. The two most frequent aetiologies of CKD, DM and hypertension, and many other predisposing factors, are more frequent in the Eastern region, resulting in more prevalent CKD Stages 3–5. Interventions may minimize the potential drawbacks of the high prevalence of CKD in Eastern Europe, which include several options at various stages of the disease, such as raising public, medical personnel and healthcare authorities awareness; early detection by screening high-risk populations; preventing progression and CKD-related complications by training health professionals and patients; promoting transplantation or home dialysis as the preferred modality; disseminating and implementing guidelines and guided therapy and encouraging/supporting country-specific observational research as well as international collaborative projects. Specific ways to significantly impact CKD-related problems in every region of Europe through education, science and networking are collaboration with non-nephrology European societies who have a common interest in CKD and its associated complications, representation through an advisory role within nephrology via national nephrology societies, contributing to the training of local nephrologists and stimulating patient-oriented research. The latter is mandatory to identify country-specific kidney disease–related priorities. Active involvement of patients in this research via collaboration with the European Kidney Patient Federation or national patient federations is imperative to ensure that projects reflect specific patient needs.

Abstract Objectives The aim of this prospective study was to correlate the Doppler ultrasonography of the uterine arteries with the Kurjak Antenatal Neurodevelopmental Test (KANET), to investigate the effect of uterine artery flow assessed by the Doppler on fetal behavior. Methods A population of 80 pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy was included for uterine artery Doppler (UAD) assessment. The investigation group consisted of 40 women with abnormal UAD, while the control group consisted of 40 women with normal UAD. The inclusion criteria for the investigated group were: gestation above 20 weeks, and an abnormal finding of Doppler ultrasonography of the uterine arteries. All patients underwent a KANET test and were followed up to the end of their pregnancy. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the average score of KANET tests between the two groups (9.20±3.32 vs. 13.55±2.21; p=0.001). In the first group, an abnormal flow on the side of the placenta affected the score of the KANET test (B=11.948; p=0.005), while abnormal flow on the opposite side did not affect the score of the KANET test (p>0.05). Physiological flow had no effect on the KANET test in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusions Abnormal flow affects the value of the KANET score, and can be used as one of the parameters in evaluation of probable fetal neurodevelopmental disorders.

The study aims to empirically explore the dependence of savings behavior on demographic changes in the context of the life cycle hypothesis (LCH) in a sample of 18 European transition and post transition countries. The empirical methodology is based on a multifactor modeling approach. The research estimates heterogeneous panel data models by employing three different heterogeneous coefficient estimators: mean group (MG) estimator, common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimator, and augmented mean group (AMG) estimator. The findings demonstrate that the LCH is confirmed in the case of European post-transition countries and rejected as inappropriate in European transition countries due to inconsistency of regression coefficients (age dependency, unemployment rate, urbanization, and health expenditure). The models and their findings presented in this study can be used in policymaking to predict dynamic interactions and variations among selected demographic variables in the determination of savings behavior.

The Balkan Vegetation Database (BVD; GIVD ID: EU-00-019) is a regional database, which was established in 2014. It comprises phytosociological relevés covering various vegetation types from nine countries of the Balkan Peninsula (Albania – 153 relevés, Bosnia and Herzegovina – 1715, Bulgaria – 12,282, Greece – 465, Croatia – 69, Kosovo – 493, Montenegro – 440, North Macedonia – 13 and Serbia – 2677). Currently, it contains 18,306 relevés (compared to 9.580 in 2016), and most of them (82.8%) are geo-referenced. The database includes both digitized relevés from the literature (65.6%) and unpublished data (34.5%). Plot size is available for 84.7% of all relevés. During the last four years some “header data information” was improved e.g. elevation (now available for 83.4% of all relevés), aspect (67.7%), slope (66%), total cover of vegetation (54.3%), cover of tree, shrub, herb, bryophyte and lichen layers (27.1%, 20.1%, 40.2%, 11.5% and 2.1%), respectively. Data access is either semi-restricted (65.6%) or restricted (34.4%). Most relevés (84.6%) are classified to syntaxa of different levels. The database has been used for numerous studies with various objectives from floristic, vegetation and habitat-related topics, to macroecological studies at the local, regional, national, continental and global levels. During the last four years, BVD data were requested from 111 different projects via the EVA and sPlot databases.

Abstract Jacopo Berengario da Carpi was Renaissance-era physician, surgeon, and anatomy lecturer who transformed medieval anatomy and surgery—which were, at the time, dominated mostly by religious dogma—into a modern science based on direct observation, experience, and cadaveric dissection. He was an accomplished and innovative neuroanatomist and educator, a prolific researcher and publisher, and a successful practicing surgeon who treated the head injuries of many renowned patients of that period. He published a landmark commentary on skull fractures that was the first printed book in history devoted to head injuries, which became a model of new medical understanding. Nonetheless, Berengario’s achievements in anatomy, medicine, neuroanatomy, and what would later become neurotraumatology and neurosurgery, would have been more widely known had his work and research not been surpassed by Andreas Vesalius and Ambroise Paré, both of whom advanced anatomic and medical knowledge even further. In this historical vignette, we discuss the political conditions of sixteenth Century Italy and pay a homage to Berengario da Carpi, emphasizing his work in establishing neuroanatomy as a field of medicine that became a precursor to modern neuroscience. We also describe the improvements he made in neurotraumatology technique and instrumentation, and his explanations of skull fractures and other brain injuries outlined in ground-breaking clinical books he published. Finally, we try to elucidate possible reasons why his scientific and professional achievements—despite of their enormous impact—were overshadowed by the achievements of his more famous immediate successors.

Starting from the importance of risk perception for taking certain preventive measures to protect people and their property from disasters, the subject of the research is to examine the factors influencing public perception of mythically-based human behavior in disaster conditions. Using the random sampling method, 250 adult respondents were surveyed in the city of Belgrade, using a specially created and adapted survey questionnaire. The results of the research show that there is no statistically significant influence of gender, age, educational and economic factors on the public perception of human behavior in disaster conditions. The results of the research can be used to improve strategies and campaigns based on risk assessment, aimed at improving the safety of people in disasters.

This study examines the specific work-related outcomes of employee engagement such as affective commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, and intention to quit in the context of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For this purpose, employee engagement was divided into job and organization engagement. We used the quantitative research instrument and the cross-sectional survey method for primary data collection. The final sample consisted of 682 usable responses. By using the hierarchical regression analysis, we found that both job and organization engagement have a positive and significant relationship with affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior, while in the case of intentions to quit, only organization engagement was negatively related. The results show that companies can achieve several benefits by focusing on employee engagement.

Reasons for writing and research problem(s): The focus on migration processes has been dramatically intensified, both internationally and nationally. Often, this phenomenon undermines national and political unity. The inspiration for exploring this phenomenon was initially related to the local demarcations about the migrant crisis. People in the movement are becoming a more frequent occurrence in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and our country represents a transit destination to European countries, so it is essential to explain and shed light on the repercussions of this crisis and the (un)willingness of the state to respond to growing challenges that concern general public. Aims of the paper: The scientific aim of this paper is reflected in the description of capacities in the conditions of the migrant crisis, taking into account the structure of the political and security system, and the relations and connections between these systems. The social aim of the paper is to present findings of the migrant crisis as a security and humanitarian risk with severe potential and to get acquainted with the key characteristics and risk factors arising from the migrant crisis. Methodology/Design: Given the interdisciplinarity of this subject, to a greater or lesser extent, various general scientific methods are used, primarily the hypotheticaldeductive method and the analytical-deductive method, the method of scientific findings, and the method of analyzing the content of documents, events and testimonies in terms of analysis coordination and readiness of relevant actors in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Research/paper limitation: Tracking migratory movements requires considerable resources, infrastructure and IT/knowledge systems, therefore B&H's ability to collect, administer, analyze and report data on mobility, migration flow is often uneven and limited. Results/Findings: In Bosnia and Herzegovina, different attitudes and approaches to the phenomenon of migrations are evident. In other words, authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina do not apply harmonized migration policy. General conclusion: Findings presented in this paper can contribute to a broader understanding of the framework of the dichotomy between the security (state78 Criminal Justice Issues Year XX, Issue 5, 2020. Hodžić – Understanding the Migrant Crisis in Bosnia and Herzegovina centric) approach and the humanitarian (human-centric) approach of the migrant crisis in Bosnia and Herzegovina.