Background: The association between diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and pulmonary embolism (PE) is still unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of prothrombotic, proinflammatory markers, and troponin for pulmonary embolism and its complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: The retrospective cohort study included 294 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus divided into two groups: (a) the first group with pulmonary embolism (n=165); (b) the control group without pulmonary embolism (n=129). The data were collected from May 2018 to May 2023. In all patients we analyzed: anthropometric parameters, laboratory parameters (troponin, D-dimer, CRP, fibrinogen, uric acid, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides), arterial blood pressure, antiphospholipid antibodies, HOMA-IR index, CT angiography of the pulmonary artery, rate of adverse clinical events in pulmonary embolism (need for inotropic catecholamine support, fibrinolysis, cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and rate of intrahospital mortality from pulmonary embolism. Results: Troponin levels were significantly higher in the PE group compared to the non-PE group (p = 0.002). D-dimer, CRP, uric acid, fibrinogen and HOMA- IR were significantly elevated in the PE group compared to the non-PE group (p < 0.001). Patients with pulmonary embolism in T2DM proved to have significantly more in-hospital death within 10 days of hospital admission (p<0.001), compared to patients with T2DM, without pulmonary embolism. Conclusion : Prothrombotic, proinflammatory markers, and troponin have good prognostic value for short-term outcomes in PE among patients with T2DM.

Background: Lyme disease (Lyme disease-LD) is a disease of humans and animals that is transmitted by hematophagous insects, especially ticks. The causative agent is the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, a bacterium with a complex structure and a slow biorhythm, which has the ability to coat the host's organism with mucus - create a biofilm - or turn into a cyst, and the host does not recognize it and does not create antibodies. This is the reason why, in 10-60% of cases, Borrelia tests are negative, even though it is present. The diagnosis of LD is made clinically, and it is confirmed serologically and microbiologically by isolation and/or detection of the causative agent by the PCR method from tissue samples and body fluids. Lyme disease stage II and III is called „the great imitator“ because its symptoms resemble those of other diseases, so diagnostic errors are often made. Objective: In this article we presented a case of stubborn urticaria in a 28-year-old saleswoman. Case presentation: Mother of two children, who was ruled out by clinical examination for autoimmune diseases and allergies to available allergens. We subsequently confirmed the diagnosis of chronic borreliosis, caused by five types of borrelia, serologically, after advanced intermittent antibiotic therapy, and after acquired food intolerance was discovered. In the available literature, we did not find information that chronic generalized urticaria was caused by Borrelia in combination with food intolerance. Conclusion: The presented case of a patient with chronic urticaria indicates that similar cases with urticaria, as well as all skin changes with intermittent walking symptomatology, should: Undergo clinical treatment, rule out immunological diseases and drug allergies, then test for Borrelia (ELISA+ immunoblot with Borrelia protein sequences!). Take into account the duration of the disease, the possibility of the disappearance of antibodies created in early childhood or a false-negative finding of antibodies, and in case of a negative finding, do not give up ex-yuvantibus therapy.

Background: A laboratory professional concerned with the quality of work in medical-biochemical laboratories ensures the accuracy and precision of laboratory analyses through the implementation of international and European guidelines for working with hazardous substances, through the availability and implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Laboratory hazards that affect the concentration and safety of workers arise from laboratory deficiencies such as: lack of preventive measures, knowledge and skills implemented through SOPs and good laboratory practice. Biophysical hazards in medical laboratories are manifested by needles and sharp objects, infectious materials, noise, vibration, radiation, poor air quality, temperature inversions. Objective: The aim of the research was to raise awareness of the quality of work in medical-biochemical laboratories in order to ensure the safety of workers. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 100 laboratory professionals from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and Croatia. The research was conducted over a period of three months. Results: A higher percentage of exposure to infectious agents and needles and sharp objects was found among respondents from BiH compared to CRO (p=0.018 and p=0.001, respectively). We found that respondents employed in accredited laboratories are aware of exposure to hazards in a high percentage related to infectious agents, toxins (p=0.0012 and p=0.0046, respectively). A significant statistical difference was found between respondents with BiH and respondents with CRO in terms of knowledge of accreditation standards of medical-biochemical laboratories (p=0.0155). Respondents who have standard operating procedures available are aware of the hazards of infectious agents (p=0.0001), toxins (p=0.0466), needles and sharp objects (p=0.0052), noise (p=0.0030), vibration (p=0.0007) and extreme temperatures (p=0.0014). Conclusion: Efficient implementation and continuous compliance with the ISO 15189: 2018 standard requires constant commitment and active participation of laboratory staff. Laboratories must have standard operating procedures in place and actively monitor their use.

Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrom coronavirus 2 and causes a series of respiratory symptoms. Considering the appearance and development of symptoms, the course of COVID-19 can go from mild to severe. Depending on the course of COVID-19, the laboratory parameters change a lot, trying to defend the organism against the foreign pathogen and all the changes it causes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to observe the differences between biochemical, hematological and coagulation parameters depending on the disease stage of COVID-19 patients. Material and methods: We conducted cross-sectional study which included 160 COVID-19 patients from Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Biochemical, hematological and coagulation analyzes were performed. Results: COVID-19 patients with a severe clinical course have higher average values of fibrinogen (6.53±4.47,p<0.001), D-dimer (6.89±7.81, p<0.001), APTT (32.05±5.96, p=0.002), eosinophil (0.66±0.09, p=0.002) and CRP (93.42±75.86, p= 0.023), and lower values of lymphocytes (1.04±0.98, p<0.001), monocytes (0.45±0.3, p<0.001), compared to COVID-19 patients with a mild clinical course. COVID-19 patients with a severe clinical course had higher average values of neutrophils (10.12±5.80, p=0.002) and lower values of reactive lymphocytes (0.02±0.03, p<0.001) compared to COVID-19 patients with a mild clinical course. Conclusion: Biochemical, hematological and coagulation parameters can be a sensitive and specific biomarker for distinction of mild and severe COVID-19.

Geoekološko vrednovanje reljefa Parka prirode Hutovo blato s aspekta njegove turističke i rekreacijske valorizacije provedeno je na temelju prethodne geomorfološke analize. U radu je promatran turizam i rekreacija kao sociološki elementi razvoja parka prirode Hutovo blato. Za postupak geoekološkog vrednovanja izdvojeni su reljefni oblici određenog stupnja atraktivnosti (vrhovi, padine, korita i dolinska dna, vododerine, područje oko Deranskog jezera, područje oko Svitavskog jezera i Svitavsko jezero), koji su vrednovani za sljedeće oblike rekreacije: šetnja, brdski biciklizam, rekreacijski biciklizam, promatranje ptica i krajolika te kajaking i kanuing. Stupanj pogodnosti reljefa za navedene vidove rekreacije određen je na temelju fizičke pogodnosti, estetske vrijednosti i dostupnosti. U postupku vrednovanja primijenjena je metoda relativnog vrednovanja reljefa. Provedeno vrednovanje ukazalo je na vrijedne i potencijalno vrijedne dijelove reljefa, ali i na one ograničavajuće elemente krajolika, zbog kojih pojedini dijelovi nisu do sada dovoljno turistički valorizirani. To se posebno odnosi na istočni i jugoistočni dio Parka s izraženim problemom fizičke pogodnosti i (ne)dostupnosti (udaljenost te nepostojanje ili neuređenost pješačkih staza, otežane plovnosti, nepristupačnosti obale obrasle vegetacijom). Predložene su moguće aktivnosti za povećanje geoekološke vrijednosti prostora (uređivanje infrastrukture za rekreacijski biciklizam, te obnova starih i uređenje novih edukativnih staza za šetnju i edukaciju na prostoru koji ima potencijal postati zanimljiv i atraktivan dio Parka prirode Hutovo blato).

Soil erosion is a problem that affects the landscape at different scales and represents a serious challenge for land management and soil conservation in both natural forests and meadows. The aim of this study was to determine how the parent material and land use affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the area of the Fruska gora Mountain. The soils were developed on five bedrock types: serpentinite, marl, trachyte, shale, loess and two land use types: forest and meadow. Twenty-three forest soil and 24 meadow soil from a depth of 0-20 cm were sampled from the Fruska gora Mt. Following properties were determined: pH, electrical conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential, content of organic carbon, sodium adsorption ratio, aggregate size and stability. There is no statistically significant difference in pH, Eh, EC, and SAR values between the analyzed forest and meadow soils, but there is a statistically significant difference in the content of Corg. It can be conculded that both the parent matrial, and to a slightly less extent, land use have a great influence on physico-chemical properties of the soil.

The healthcare environment is made up of highly complicated interactions between many technologies, activities, and people. Ensuring a solid communication between them is vital to ease the healthcare management. Semantic ontologies are knowledge representation tools that implement abstractions to fully describe a given topic in terms of subjects and relations. This scoping review aims to identify and analyse available ontologies which can depict all the available use-cases that describe the hospital environment in relation to the European project ODIN and its future expansion. The review has been conducted on the Scopus database on January 13th, 2023 using the PRISMA extensions for scoping reviews. Two reviewers screened 3,225 documents emerged from the database search. Further filtering led to a final set of 32 articles to be analysed for the results. A set of 34 ontologies extracted by the identified articles has been analysed and discussed as well. The results of this study will lead to the implementation of a common integrated ontology which could hold information about healthcare entities as well as their semantic relationships, strengthen data exchange and interconnections among people, devices and applications in an expanded scenario which include Internet of Things, robots and Artificial Intelligence.

In order to achieve economic progress in less developed countries, it is necessary to provide the necessary resources. Foreign investments very often represent the primary source of financing for certain world economies, and the struggle for financial resources, which are limited, is becoming greater. Many countries have a planned approach to this process, and make huge efforts to attract foreign investors. For this reason, it is necessary to systematically approach this research problem, and to create adequate strategies for attracting foreign investments. When it comes to Bosnia and Herzegovina and the surrounding countries, the competition to attract foreign investments between them is getting tougher. Each of the neighboring countries has its own competitive advantages, and with an adequate set of incentive measures, it can achieve a significant inflow of foreign investments. Unfortunately, of all the surrounding countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina has the lowest inflow of foreign investments, so it is necessary to define the competitive advantages of the business environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Ovaj rad prikazuje tematiziranje ustaškog i četničkog pokreta u časopisu “Bosanski pogledi” u periodu od 1960. do 1967. godine. Časopis, čiji je glavni urednik bio Adil Zulfikarpašić, pruža značajan izvor informacija za proučavanje historijskih, socioloških i političkih aspekata. Kroz analizu različitih članaka autori istražuju percepciju i kritiku ustaškog i četničkog pokreta u Bosni i Hercegovini. Rad se fokusira na različite aspekte, uključujući ulogu Muslimana i njihovu saradnju s različitim pokretima, sukobe s drugim narodima i političke sukobe koji su prikazani unutar časopisa. Prikazuju se različiti stavovi i argumenti koje časopis donosi o ovim pokretima, ističući njihovu ulogu u Drugom svjetskom ratu i posljedice njihovih akcija. Kroz ovu analizu rad nastoji osvijetliti složenost i kontroverze povezane s temom, doprinoseći boljem razumijevanju balkanske historije i savremenih političkih odnosa.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os fatores maternos e neonatais de recém-nascidos de mães adolescentes associados à reinternação hospitalar no período neonatal. Método: Estudo quantitativo transversal, retrospectivo e analítico, com 489 recém-nascidos de mães adolescentes, nascidos em 2019 e 2020 em um hospital público de alta complexidade, localizado na região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma query e analisados no software SPSS utilizando os testes qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher. Para controle de fatores confundidores, empregou-se o modelo multivariado de Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: A prevalência de reinternação hospitalar de recém-nascidos de mães adolescentes foi de 9,2%, principalmente por condições respiratórias, sendo o diagnóstico de bronquiolite aguda o mais prevalente, com 22,3%. Conclusão: A reinternação hospitalar neonatal esteve associada à prematuridade, ao Apgar 1º minuto <7 e à procedência da mãe.