UAV technologies provide a time- and cost-efficient framework for a variety of environmental monitoring domains. It also increases data resolution and provides new insights into observed objects and phenomena, especially within the difficult-to-access and complex for monitoring aquatic habitats. The objective of this study was to develop UAV-based acquisition and GIS-based image processing guidelines for aquatic macrophyte detection and monitoring in large temperate rivers. According to the European standard CEN EN -14184:2014, the assessment of aquatic macrophytes should be performed using the transect approach. Large rivers, such as the Danube, represent an exception and should be evaluated using 1km transects. Therefore, seven transects of the Middle Danube in Serbia were simultaneously surveyed using traditional field methods and novel UAV technology. UAV images were acquired using RGB and multispectral cameras carried by a fixed-wing drone. The images were processed and orthomosaics were classified using Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA), to create digital GIS maps of the river transects. During the traditional monitoring approach, the relative abundance of 22 macrophyte species was recorded along the transects. Using the UAV technology and OBIA approach eight macrophyte classes were distinguished based on dominant macrophyte taxa or plant life form traits. Aquatic macrophytes were 'almost perfectly' distinguished from the orthomosaics, achieving a high classification accuracy of 96 % / 88 % / 0.84 for RGB and 94 % / 97 % / 0.95 Producers /Users accuracy/Kappa index for the multispectral approach. Individual macrophyte classes accuracy varied between 0.5 and 1 Kappa and were generally higher for the multispectral imagery approach. Although the resolution of the taxonomic data is lower, UAV monitoring provided the necessary spatial context of macrophytes distribution and absolute area occupied by macrophytes. It also provided information on the diversity and distribution of habitats along the river. Therefore, the UAV-assisted monitoring approach described in this study can be effectively integrated into macrophyte monitoring during large river expeditions such as the JDS.

This paper analyses whether there have been any changes in the behavior and patterns of tourist travel after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The convenience sample included 265 respondents. The results of the study show that the most important factors in choosing to travel during the COVID-19 pandemic are: cleanliness, safety, comfort, costs, and social distance. The results of the study show a statistically significant difference in the factors that influence choosing to travel during COVID-19 with regard to employment, i.e., occupation, whereby the most factors when deciding on travel during COVID-19 are considered by pensioners and the least by students. When choosing a destination, as well as the image of the destination from the perspective of tourists, the study showed that owning a car is a statistically significant factor. The study also shows that there is a positive relationship that is statistically significant between the factors that influence choosing to travel during COVID-19 and the factors when choosing a destination from the perspective of tourists and the image of the destination, so those respondents who take into account more factors when choosing to travel during COVID-19, also take into account several factors when choosing a destination from the perspective of tourists and the image of the destination.  

The mobility of factors of production from the very beginnings of the theory of the optimal currency area (OCA) stands out as one of the primary mechanisms for achieving a balance of payments, i.e. sustainability of the monetary union (Mundell criterion). However, there is a significant qualitative difference between the monetary union of countries with similar income levels and the one with different development stages Namely, in the first case, labor mobility, as a rule, has short-term economic effects, while it has a longer-term (more negative) impact – especially on the long-run aggregate supply (LRAS). Many Eastern European countries, which expressed a desire to become part of European integration and the monetary union after the communist ruin, experienced this. In a previous paper, the authors set the thesis about “Impossible Trinity of Developing Countries”. In this paper, the aspiration is to confirm the validity of this theory by analyzing Greece within the period 1999-2020, specifically observing the impact of three variables (fiscal policy, social development level, and level of economic freedom) on the emigration of the population under conditions of monetary union and labor force mobility. The results obtained in this research indicate that the fiscal policy in the observed period was the most significant factor in explaining migration trends. The implications for developing countries that are currently entering (such as Croatia) or intend to enter the monetary union with more developed countries in the future are particularly significant.

Leachate water from sanitary landfills represents one of the most complex global environmental problems. This paper examines the possibility of using aluminosilicate material, pyrophyllite, from the Parsovići deposit, as an adsorbent. It was researched the influence of two granulations of pyrophyllite (0-53 μm and 0-100 μm) on the degree of adsorption of heavy metals (Fe, Ni, Mn) from leachate water from the municipal landfill "Desetine", Tuzla. The adsorption experiment was performed using the Batch method, depending on the contact time between the adsorbent and the adsorbate, the mixing speed, and the mass of the adsorbent, pyrophyllite, through two treatments. The results indicate a higher efficiency of the finer fraction of pyrophyllite, and in the competition of the three examined metals, iron is completely removed in the first treatment with both granulations and then nickel with finer granulation and manganese with coarser. After the first treatment, the unpleasant smell was removed, which is certainly a consequence of the removal of ammonia compounds as the most abundant compounds in leachate water. In these pioneering researches, pyrophyllite proved to be effective, and at the same time, it is a cheap, easily available, and environmentally friendly material for leachate water purification.

Explosive forming is one of the non-conventional impulse technologies of metal forming technologies and it is a relatively young technology that has not been fully explored. The origin, development and application of explosive forming technology is given in this paper, and the advantages and disadvantages are also described. Given the specificity of this technology, this paper presents the calculation of the mass of the explosive as the most important factor in this process and the calculation of the pressure of the shock wave. In fact, with conventional deep drawing technologies, it is possible to design the technology and follow the same steps to reach products of different dimensions. In explosive forming, this is a problem, and it is not possible to follow these rules. Experiments of explosive forming can only be performed by employees trained to work with explosives, following prescribed procedures.

Ciljevi u ovome radu su analizirati vodcast kao novi oblik videoizražavanja, definirati pojam istoga te prikazati rezultate istraživanja o navikama publike naspram oblika konzumiranja medijskih sadržaja. Rezultati istraživanja predstavljaju puls javnosti te tako medijima, ali i budućim autorima vodcasta, pomažu tijekom mogućih dvojbi u analizi navika publike. Rad ističe osnovne razlike između pojmova podcast i vodcast jer se u javnosti, a i u stručnim okruženjima, navedeni pojmovi ne koriste dovoljno precizno. Razvoj novih tehnologija pokrenuo je nezaustavljiv proces konvergencije medija, koji se čini kao Pandorina kutija iz koje svakodnevno izlaze novi medijski oblici i komunikacijski obrasci koje publika rado prihvaća. Ispred tradicionalnih su medija izazovi koje moraju prevladati kako bi zaštitili, prije svega, vlastiti opstanak, potom i novinarsku profesiju. Mnogi novinari, ali i pojedinci, pokreću vlastiti internetski vodcast ili podcast, koji često ima veliku posjećenost i utjecaj. Postavlja se pitanje živimo li u vremenu i okruženju koje karakterizira velik broj informacija i medijskih sadržaja u eteru, od čega prijeti opasnost visokoga stupnja zagušenja javnosti, zbog čega se ne razlikuje bitno od nebitna. Ključne riječi: vodcast, podcast, internetska televizija, novi mediji

In contemporary public international law, it is increasingly common that in many countries of the world and Europe, political representatives of the peoples are calling for an inalienable right to the external self-determination of the peoples involving secession to try to achieve their independence and autonomy, forming their national states to the detriment of already existing countries in which they are currently living. However, this may cause destabilization and wars in many complex multiethnic states and the European Union. Therefore, the Aland Islands and Quebec cases are extremely important for today’s understanding of the exercise of the right to self-determination of the people in contemporary public international law, in particular as the International Court of Justice in The Hague and the domestic courts invoke them as precedents to address all future cases of reference to the right of the people to external self-determination involving secession. Based on those cases, it has developed that the issue of secession is the question of the internal legal order of each sovereign country, which should deal with this issue through its constitutional legal order, and contemporary public international law should deal with its consequences. In connection with this, it is necessary to investigate and offer answers that will highlight possible abuses of the right to self-determination of all peoples as a collective human right in contemporary public international law. Such unlawful conduct may result in adverse legal consequences, in particular, the violation of basic principles of public international law, including the principles of territoriality and sovereignty of the states, the distortion of world peace and order, economic progress, the rule of law and the pursuit of basic human rights and freedoms, as well as other collective human rights, which may ultimately be the cause of provocation and lead to international and civil wars.

Abstract The agricultural sector and growing food production needs rely on chemical fertilizers. This initially had positive effects on production, but over the last decade, the negative impacts of overuse have resulted in low crop productivity, increased pest and disease infestation, soil degradation, and consequent adverse effects on environmental parameters. As one of the possibilities in organic farming, we found vermicomposting as the most sustainable practice. For the assembly of vermicomposting, mature cattle manure was utilized in three different combinations with organic material and earthworm inoculations (the household waste, the grass clippings, and mixture). The experiment was set up by random block design in three replications. Analyses of qualitative parameters of the final product showed a pH reaction from neutral to slightly alkaline. The nitrogen compound varied between 2.7% and 2.9% and the organic carbon varied between 45.59% and 47.41%, showing a C/N ratio of 16.7‒16.67. The potassium content varied between 1.1% and 1.2% K2O, and the phosphorus content varied from 0.3% to 0.5%. The experiment gave quite good results of vermicomposting of household waste with manure, showing a neutral pH reaction, optimal content of ash and carbon with almost similar and good NPK contents and increased C/N ratio of 16.7, and with satisfying levels of trace elements and the heavy metal content under the limits. This combination of household waste and manure also showed best characterization of humic and fulvic acids in vermicompost, ranging from 1505 to 1778 cm−1 and from 729 to 998 cm−1, respectively. These results indicate that vermicomposting can increase the quality of the final product.

Konvergencija je u medijski svijet donijela niz promjena ne samo u tehnološkome smislu nego i u sadržajnome i funkcionalnome. Tehnološkim razvojem omogućen je razvoj novoga multimedijskog okruženja. Na taj način brišu se granice tradicionalnih medija, odnosno došlo je do približavanja i prožimanja medija. Takvo prožimanje dovelo je do promjene u percepciji korisnika medijskih sadržaja jer postaju aktivni korisnici što se odražava na samu izradu sadržaja. Ubrzan je proces produkcije sadržaja, posebice specijaliziranih sadržaja, potrebne su veće kompetencije novinara i urednika, tržište postaje kompetitivno bilo da je riječ o komercijalnim medijima ili javnim servisima. Radio kao medij nije ostao izvan ovih procesa. Kako bi opstao kao medij, radio mora prihvatiti promjene, prilagoditi im se, a javni radijski servisi trebali bi biti lideri u tim promjenama jer su jednim dijelom financijski osigurani kroz pristojbu, pretplatu koju plaćaju građani. Svoje osnovne postulate i načela moraju prilagoditi na restrukturirani, novi, konvergirani, multimedijski, interaktivni sustav dostupan svim građanima. Cilj je rada komparativnom analizom sadržaja i formata istražiti koliko je javni radijski servis u Bosni i Hercegovini i Hrvatskoj ukorak s trendovima konvergencije, odnosno na kojoj su razini konvergencije. Ključne riječi: konvergencija, radio, javni servis, multimedija

Upravljanje kvalitetom u javnom sektoru je znatno dobilo na značaju poslednjih godina. Istina, dugi niz godina javni sektor se držao izvan ovog koncepta, a pod pojmom upravljanja kvalitetom podrazumevala se samo isporuka usluga u skladu sa zakonskim propisima. Međutim, kriza javne uprave i područja javnih usluga dovela je do preispitivanja uloge i upravljačkih mehanizama javnog sektora, te se vremenom u sve većoj mjeri, jednostavnim preuzimanjem ili eventualno uz odgovarajuća prilagođavanja, koja uzimaju u obzir specifičnosti i karakteristike istog u odnosu na privatni sektor, mogu uočiti pokušaji uvođenja i prilagođavanja sistema upravljanja kvalitetom usluga u organizacije javnog sektora. U BiH, kao zemlji u kojoj specifičnost državnog uređenja, zakonskih procedura, političkih previranja i uopšte društvene organizacije dodatno usložnjava posmatranu problematiku, važno je dijagnosticirati postojeće stanje primene sistema upravljanja kvalitetom i performansi poslovanja jedinica lokalne samouprave, te identifikovati područja mogućeg unapređenja. S tim u vezi, cilj rada je istražiti razlike u performansama poslovanja jedinica lokalne samouprave sa implementiranim standardom kvaliteta ISO 9001 i jedinica lokalne samouprave koje nisu primenile ovaj međunarodni standard u svom poslovanju. Primarni podaci za potrebe ovog istraživanja prikupljeni su primenom tehnike anketiranja, korištenjem anketnog upitnika kao obrasca za prikupljanje podataka. Razlika je testirana korištenjem t-testa nezavisnih uzoraka, a dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na značaj implementacije standarda ISO 9001, budući da je u jedinicama lokalne samouprave sa implementiranim standardom ISO 9001 zabilježen viši nivo performansi perspektive internih poslovnih procesa, performansi perspektive učenja i rasta i performansi perspektive korisnika u odnosu na jedinice lokalne samouprave koje nisu implementirale isti.