The rapid expansion of telecommuting has intensified employees’ reliance on digital technologies, increasing the risk of techno-invasion that blurs boundaries between work and personal life. The research seeks to offer an understanding of how telecommuters cope with and reduce the problems brought by techno-invasion. In this quantitative-based research, the theories and hypotheses were rigorously designed based on a literature review, which encompassed some detected knowledge gaps, on the framework of the Job Demands-Resources Theory and Contextual Performance Model. A survey-based data collection method was employed in this study to obtain responses from 153 telecommuters based in Kuala Lumpur. The data were analysed using the SPSS and SMART-PLS4 package. Results indicated no significant relationship between techno invasion and telecommuters’ performance. Furthermore, emotional intelligence did not show a significant moderate effect on the relationship between techno invasion and work exhaustion. These results suggest practical steps for leaders to address work fatigue and burnout caused by technological intrusion by fostering a supportive work culture. This study contributes to the technostress literature by integrating the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework with Contextual Performance Theory and empirically testing a moderated mediation model among Malaysian telecommuters.

Background and Objectives: Diazepam, a GABAA receptor agonist with sympatholytic properties, is sometimes co-administered with antiarrhythmic agents in the emergency management of atrial fibrillation (AF), yet evidence supporting this practice is remarkably limited. Given the established role of sympathetic activation in the initiation and maintenance of AF, we investigated whether adjunctive diazepam influences treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods: This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 72 hemodynamically stable patients presenting with AF to the emergency department of University Hospital Centre Split, Croatia. Patients were stratified by treatment strategy into a rhythm control group (n = 33, receiving any Class IC/III antiarrhythmic) and a rate control only group (n = 39, beta-blockers and/or digoxin). Diazepam was administered orally at the physician’s discretion (median dose 5 mg). Primary outcomes were rhythm conversion and achievement of a heart rate < 110 bpm. Secondary outcomes included changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and time to therapeutic goal. Results: Diazepam was administered to 32 patients (44.4%). In the rate control stratum, spontaneous rhythm conversion was significantly higher with diazepam (40.0% vs. 9.5%; OR 6.33, 95% CI 1.06–37.78, p = 0.046), corresponding to a model-predicted increase in conversion probability from 8% to 33%. This effect was absent in the rhythm control group (64.3% vs. 64.7%; OR 0.98, p = 1.000). Diazepam increased the odds of achieving HR < 110 bpm by 3.46-fold (95% CrI 0.63–23.1, posterior probability of benefit 92%) in the rate control group. Diazepam-treated patients in the rate control group had longer median time to therapeutic goal (4.2 vs. 2.8 h, p = 0.005). In the rhythm control group, diazepam was associated with reduced variability in diastolic blood pressure response (p = 0.006). Conclusions: Adjunctive diazepam was associated with a significantly higher rate of spontaneous rhythm conversion in AF patients receiving rate control therapy only, consistent with sympatholysis removing a key factor sustaining the arrhythmia. This effect was not observed when Class IC/III antiarrhythmics were co-administered, suggesting that diazepam’s benefit is context-dependent. These hypothesis-generating findings warrant prospective validation, with attention to thromboembolic risk in patients who convert unexpectedly.

Lavandula angustifolia essential oil (LEO) was obtained by hydrodistillation of air-dried flowers collected in the Mostar region (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Its chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, revealing a camphor content of 16.96%, substantially higher than the maximum value specified in the European Pharmacopoeia. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using quantitative suspension tests according to EN 1276 and EN 1650 under simulated “dirty” conditions with organic load (bovine albumin, 3 g/L) and a 5 min contact time. High-concentration LEO (80% w/v) exhibited strong bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, and yeasticidal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (>5 log10 CFU/mL reduction for bacteria, >4 log10 CFU/mL reduction for yeast), but was ineffective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 and Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541. Lower concentrations (1.0% and 0.1% w/v) showed no bactericidal and yeasticidal activity, highlighting LEO’s efficacy limits. Antioxidant activity, assessed by DPPH radical scavenging, was dose- and time-dependent. Molecular docking provided insight into the interaction of major constituents with selected microbial and antioxidant-related targets. These findings highlight both the potential and limitations of LEO as a renewable bio-based resource for sustainable disinfectant formulations while emphasizing the importance of chemical composition and regulatory compliance.

We identify a novel next-to-leading order renormalization effect in the dimension-six SMEFT with direct phenomenological impact. The Higgs-Yukawa operator that modifies the top-Higgs coupling $\kappa_t$ induces a shift in the $ W $ mass at two-loop order through a large anomalous dimension, rendering electroweak precision observables a powerful indirect probe of $\kappa_t$. We show that this effect is essential for the consistent interpretation of data from future Tera-$Z$ and Giga-$W$ factories such as FCC-ee. The effect is realized in a simple renormalizable two-Higgs doublet model.

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is frequently reported in peripheral neuropathies, but its prevalence and clinical correlates in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) remain poorly defined. We aimed to determine RLS prevalence in CMT1A and HNPP and to assess associations with disease severity, muscle strength, disability, and quality of life (QoL). Methods Forty‐seven CMT1A and 18 HNPP patients were included. RLS was diagnosed according to the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria, and RLS severity was assessed with the International Restless Legs Syndrome Severity Scale (IRLS‐SS). MRC Sum Score (MRC‐SS), Charcot–Marie‐Tooth Examination Score (CMTES), Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale (ONLS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) were recorded. Results RLS was present in 29.8% of CMT1A and 38.9% of HNPP patients. CMT1A patients with RLS had longer disease duration (p = 0.05), worse muscle strength (p = 0.014), higher disease severity (p = 0.014), higher upper‐limb (p = 0.005) and overall disability (p = 0.011), and higher fatigue severity (p = 0.011) compared with those without RLS. HNPP patients with RLS showed higher upper‐limb (p = 0.034) and overall disability (p = 0.032), higher depression (p = 0.005), and fatigue severity (p = 0.018) than those without RLS. QoL was significantly impaired in patients with RLS in both groups, and RLS severity negatively correlated with physical and mental QoL domains. Interpretation RLS is common in CMT1A and HNPP and is associated with increased disease severity, greater functional disability, and reduced QoL. Clinicians should screen for RLS in PMP22‐related neuropathies and consider symptomatic management.

This paper presents the development and experimental validation of an adaptive pneumatic gripper for collaborative robotic palletizing of packages with varying mass and surface characteristics. The main objective is to determine the optimal gripping-force and minimum operating pressure required to ensure stable and safe handling without slippage. A dynamic mathematical model was developed, incorporating the effects of package mass, friction coefficient, contact surface area, and inertial forces during manipulation. Numerical analysis was performed for different friction conditions (μ = 0.30-0.90) and contact configurations, enabling the determination of the minimum required gripping-forces and corresponding operating pressures. Experimental validation was conducted on a real industrial system with a collaborative robot. The results show a linear relationship between pressure and gripping-force, described by F = 22.152 p − 17.535, with a high correlation coefficient (R2 ≈ 0.998). The maximum experimentally obtained gripping-force was approximately 70-75 N at a pressure of around 4 bar. Quantitative deviations between numerical and experimental results (65-75 %) were observed and corrected by introducing a calibration factor (kcorr ≈ 0.30). The proposed model and experimental system enable reliable optimization of gripping-force and improve manipulation stability under real industrial conditions. The main contribution of this study lies in the integration of analytical modelling, numerical optimization, and industrial experimental validation for collaborative robotic palletizing systems

Limited understanding of the biological processes that govern metastatic dissemination hinders its prevention and treatment1. Here, using 501 longitudinally collected primary and metastatic tumour samples from 24 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) enrolled in the TRACERx lung study and PEACE autopsy programme, we infer tumour evolution from diagnosis to death. With DNA-sequencing data encompassing 70% of the metastases that were radiologically detected before death and paired multi-region sampled primary tumours, we show that the genomes of metastases diverge markedly from those of their ancestral primary tumour, with additional driver alterations and genome doubling events occurring after metastatic dissemination. In 62.5% of patients, multiple primary tumour subclones disseminated, each founding a distinct metastasis. These metastases served as sources of onward spread: more than half of the metastases sampled were seeded by other metastases. The duration that metastases existed in situ influenced their likelihood of seeding further metastases. Most metastatic migrations started and ended in the same anatomical cavity. The few subclones that exited the thorax to seed metastases disseminated widely and were enriched for somatic copy-number alterations, suggesting that chromosomal instability may facilitate extrathoracic spread. This spatial and temporal evolutionary analysis sheds light on the extent of metastatic diversity and seeding in advanced NSCLC—which tends to be underestimated in single metastasis biopsies—and identifies genomic and clinical mediators of metastatic progression. DNA-sequencing data from primary tumours and paired metastases from participants in the TRACERx lung study and PEACE autopsy programme are used to analyse the metastatic diversity of advanced non-small cell lung cancer and the seeding patterns that underpin it.

Left ventricular free-wall rupture (LVFWR) is a rare but often fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). While typically requiring emergency surgical intervention, spontaneous healing is exceptionally uncommon. This case is noteworthy for the spontaneous resolution of a left ventricular rupture in a hemodynamically stable patient, successfully managed with multimodality imaging and selective surgical revascularization. A 66-year-old white European male with a history of hypertension and smoking presented with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and was managed conservatively. Transthoracic echocardiography showed preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (55%) with lateral wall hypokinesia. The patient was discharged with a recommendation for coronary angiography. 1 month later, he was re-admitted for recurrent chest pain and dynamic electrocardiographic changes. Imaging revealed a rupture of the lateral left ventricular wall, confirmed by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), which showed a thrombus encased in fibrous tissue at the rupture site, along with minimal pericardial effusion. Despite the presence of a contained rupture, the patient remained hemodynamically stable. He underwent urgent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to the left anterior descending artery. Intraoperatively, no rupture was evident apart from localized discoloration of the affected myocardium. The postoperative course was uneventful. 5 months later, follow-up CMR demonstrated regression of the thrombus and further fibrous remodeling, with restored myocardial integrity and an improved ejection fraction of 51%. Two years post-intervention, the patient remains asymptomatic with stable cardiac function. This case illustrates that not all LVFWRs result in catastrophic outcomes. In selected patients with subacute, contained ruptures, spontaneous healing is possible under close surveillance and guided by advanced imaging. Cardiac CT and CMR were pivotal in characterizing the rupture, confirming myocardial stability, and informing treatment strategy. While surgery remains the standard of care, conservative management may be considered in hemodynamically stable patients, provided careful monitoring and multidisciplinary evaluation are ensured. This case underscores the critical role of multimodality imaging in assessing mechanical complications of AMI and supports the potential for individualized therapeutic approaches.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder characterized by a gradual loss of renal function and frequent disturbances in iron metabolism. These disturbances often lead to iron deficiency and anemia. Serum iron and ferritin are fundamental biomarkers for evaluating iron status and can provide valuable insights into disease severity and progression. The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between CKD stage and serum iron concentration, focusing on the dynamics of iron homeostasis and CKD progression. Methods: At the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, a cross-sectional study was conducted, including 115 participants diagnosed with CKD in moderate to advanced stages (3-5). Patients with acute infections, other causes of anemia, or acute kidney injury were excluded to avoid factors that could confound iron metabolism. Laboratory analyses included measurements of serum iron, ferritin, urea, and creatinine. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the modification of diet in renal disease equation to determine disease stage. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were used to examine associations between serum iron, ferritin, and CKD stage, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The study included 64% male and 36% female participants, with 17% in stage 3, 22% in stage 4, and 61% in stage 5 of the disease. As CKD progressed, serum ferritin levels increased, while serum iron levels gradually declined. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association between eGFR and serum iron (p < 0.01). The results also indicated that abnormal iron values were more frequent in males than in females, which is consistent with previous reports. Conclusion: The severity of CKD is associated with disturbances in iron metabolism, pointing to the importance of monitoringserum iron and ferritin. These findings support early detection, individualized patient management, and timely interventions to prevent iron deficiency and anemia in patients with CKD.

Chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases are overlapping but distinct immune-mediated disorders that represent a growing worldwide health concern, characterised by persistent inflammation, tissue damage, and progressive organ dysfunction. In the United States alone, more than $180 billion is spent annually on managing these conditions, yet fewer than 10% of patients achieve long-term remission. These figures highlight the limitations of conventional therapies, which often control symptoms rather than adequately modify the underlying disease process. This review provides a focused and comparative overview of emerging therapeutic strategies across representative immune-mediated disorders, with particular emphasis on mesenchymal stem cells, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, therapeutic vaccines, microbiome-modulating interventions, and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. In parallel, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly contributing to biomarker discovery, drug repurposing, and treatment stratification, thereby supporting the development of predictive and personalised medicine. Overall, these advances support a shift toward mechanism-based, multimodal, and more durable treatment strategies, although further clinical validation remains necessary.

Kounis syndrome (KS) describes the occurrence of acute coronary syndromes precipitated by allergic, hypersensitivity, or anaphylactic reactions and represents a unique intersection between immunologic activation and cardiovascular disease. The epidemiology of KS is likely underestimated due to diagnostic overlap with other cardiac and allergic conditions and limited awareness across medical specialties. This narrative review focuses on the distinctive features of KS in special populations, emphasizing how patients’ age, comorbidities, immune status, and vascular substrate modify presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes. In elderly patients, polypharmacy, increased plaque vulnerability, and endothelial dysfunction favor Type II and III KS. Pediatric cases, although rare, are predominantly Type I and strongly associated with food allergies, insect stings, vaccines, and antibiotics, with under-recognition driven by diagnostic bias and ethical concerns surrounding invasive testing. Patients with coronary stents, cardiac devices, chronic kidney disease, and those receiving dialysis exhibit heightened susceptibility due to chronic inflammation, foreign-body hypersensitivity, and prothrombotic states. Pregnancy and the peripartum period represent a unique immuno-hemodynamic milieu in which Th2 immune shift, increased coronary vasoreactivity, and obstetric triggers can compromise both maternal and fetal perfusion. Additional risk modulation is observed in atopic individuals, asthmatics, patients with autoimmune, inflammatory, oncologic, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental conditions, as well as in COVID-19 and post-infectious states. We propose a host-modified framework for KS that complements traditional classification by integrating immune phenotype and vascular substrate, enabling improved risk stratification and personalized preventive strategies.

This paper presents an ongoing initiative titled "TransAC" (Transnational Academy), a project aimed at mitigating brain drain from rural and crisis-stricken regions in the Danube area through innovative, inclusive, and human-centered training programs. TransAC addresses the dual challenge of demographic decline and skill mismatch by establishing a transnational training academy focused on additive manufacturing (AM). Targeting both young learners at risk of migration and vulnerable populations, the project fosters equitable access to digital and technical education, enhances regional resilience, and promotes sustainable development through stakeholder co-creation. Key outputs include a pilot training center, the establishment of a transnational academy, and direct training of 572 learners. The approach integrates advanced education technologies and social work perspectives, with emphasis on FabLabs, micro-credentials, and blended learning environments.

Background/Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Traditional cardiovascular risk assessment is based on chronological age and other clinical factors, with inherent limitations and poor accuracy. Objective was to estimate the artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced biological cardiovascular age calculation derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) reports using a large language model (LLM), in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods: Coronary CTA reports were analyzed using a LLM (ChatGPT-4.0v, OpenAI), from symptomatic patients with suspected CAD who underwent coronary CTA for clinical indications. Patients in which the LLM successfully analyzed the key metrics (1) coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and (2) coronary CTA reports (coronary stenosis severity (CAD-RADS), high-risk anatomy, non-calcified plaque, cardiac function (LVEF and others) were included. Results: 386 CTA reports were uploaded, and 346 (89.6%) included. The mean biological age (bioAGE) was 57.2 ± 10.9 and the chronological 58.5 ± 10.8 years. 137 (39.6%) were women. The intra-individual deviation in bioAGE was high (median: 8.8; IQR 9.98). BioAGE exceeded chronological age in 45.4% patient and was lower or equal in 54.6%) MACE rate was 8.7% comprising 2 deaths, 5 myocardial infarctions, and 22 late revascularizations. The accuracy for prediction of MACE was higher for bioAGE (c = 0.768; 95% CI: 0.681–0.855, p < 0.001) compared to chronological age (c = 0.590; 95% CI: 0.492–0.689, p = 0.102) Conclusions: Biological age calculation from coronary CTA reports using LLM is feasible, yet intra-individual deviations are high. The accuracy for prediction of MACE is improved by bioAGE compared to chronological.

Background: Sarajevo Canton reported large measles outbreaks in 2019 and 2024, highlighting the impact of the persistent gaps in immunisation coverage. Aim: To analyse 2 measles outbreaks in Sarajevo Canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina, identify populations at risk and assess the impact of vaccination coverage on disease transmission. Methods: We collected publicly available weekly case counts data for 45 weeks from the Public Health Institute of Sarajevo Canton and examined the vaccination coverage for 5 years to assess the impact of immunisation on outbreak dynamics. We conducted descriptive analyses using RStudio version 2024 and evaluated the differences between outbreaks using Mann-Whitney U test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 869 cases were reported in 2019 and 4505 in 2024, and children aged 1–4 years were mostly affected (42.1%). Most of the cases were either unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status; 92.3% of cases in 2019 were unvaccinated, and 87.7% in 2024 were unvaccinated, while 9.9% had unknown vaccination status. The 2024 outbreak had a higher and longer peak (416 vs 91 cases) occurence than 2019, and one death was reported in each year. Conclusion: The declining vaccination coverage in Sarajevo Canton contributed to increased measles incidence. Strengthening mandatory immunisation, targeted catch-up campaigns and public communication are essential to achieve herd immunity, prevent future outbreaks and progress towards Universal Health Coverage.