We have read with great attention the article "Coagulopathy in COVID-19" written by Toshiaki Iba et al. (Authors), published in the September issue of Journal (1). The Authors performed an effective and informative review. Nevertheless, we welcome the opportunity to make a short comment as well. This very interesting article evaluates current literature regarding harmful hypercoagulable milieu of COVID-19. Surprisingly, we can not see that the Authors recommended other diagnostic considerations such a checking for hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with COVID-19. Undoubtedly, hyperhomocysteinemia has neurotoxic, neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, prooxidative, as well as proatherogenic/ prothrombotic effects.

White matter bundle segmentation using diffusion MRI fiber tractography has become the method of choice to identify white matter fiber pathways in vivo in human brains. However, like other analyses of complex data, there is considerable variability in segmentation protocols and techniques. This can result in different reconstructions of the same intended white matter pathways, which directly affects tractography results, quantification, and interpretation. In this study, we aim to evaluate and quantify the variability that arises from different protocols for bundle segmentation. Through an open call to users of fiber tractography, including anatomists, clinicians, and algorithm developers, 42 independent teams were given processed sets of human wholebrain streamlines and asked to segment 14 white matter fascicles on six subjects. In total, we received 57 different bundle segmentation protocols, which enabled detailed volume-based and streamline-based analyses of agreement and disagreement among protocols for each fiber pathway. Results show that even when given the exact same sets of underlying streamlines, the variability across protocols for bundle segmentation is greater than all other sources of variability in the virtual dissection process, including variability within protocols and variability across subjects. In order to foster the use of tractography bundle dissection in routine clinical settings, and as a fundamental analytical tool, future endeavors must aim to resolve and reduce this heterogeneity. Although external validation is needed to verify the anatomical accuracy of bundle dissections, reducing heterogeneity is a step towards reproducible research and may be achieved through the use of standard nomenclature and definitions of white matter bundles and well-chosen constraints and decisions in the dissection process.

U radu se govori o stećcima i nekropolama stećaka u Kalesijskom naselju Kikači. Dat je detaljan pregled i opis stećaka koji su zatečeni u Kikačima prilikom ovog istraživanja. U radu su opisani lokaliteti na kojima su se nalazile nekropole stečaka koje su usljed urbanizacije i širenja naselja vremenom devastirane a stečci korišteni kao građevinski materijal. Rad je uglavnom napisan na osnovu terenskog istraživanja. Ključne riječi: Kalesija, Kikači,Mramorje, Mramorovi,stečci,nekropole.

The southern North Sea is part of an important flyway for nocturnal bird migration, but is also risky as it stretches over a large surface of water. Selecting nights with suitable weather conditions for migration can be critical for a bird’s survival. The aim of this study is to unravel the weather-related bird migration decisions, by providing a descriptive analysis of the synoptic weather conditions over the North Sea on nights with very high and low migration intensities and compare these conditions to the prevailing climatology. For this study, bird radar data were utilized from an offshore wind farm off the Dutch coast, in the North Sea. The study suggests that atmospheric conditions clear of rain and frontal systems, dominated by high pressure systems and tailwinds in spring and sidewinds in autumn are most suitable for nights of intense migration. Differences in temperature, relative humidity and cloud cover appear less significant between intense and low migration nights, suggesting that these variables exert only a secondary role on migration. We discuss how future developments in radar aeroecology and the integration of meteorology can help improve our ability to forecast bird migration.

An integrated high voltage active quenching circuit (AQC) in a 150 nm high voltage CMOS technology is presented. The circuit is designed for off-chip single-photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) with parasitic capacitance up to 5 pF. With the high voltage lateral double-diffused MOSFETs (LDMOS) the circuit is able to apply excess bias voltages up to 35 V. The excess bias voltage for the SPAD is adjustable from 5 V up to 35 V and retains a constant quenching time of 2.2 ns at a SPAD capacitance of 5 pF.

Abstract Design supports entrepreneurial activity through new products, services and business designs, linking users, organizations and ecosystems. In this paper we explore services that support early-stage entrepreneurship. Fostering entrepreneurship is seen to create employment and economic wellbeing, especially in low resource environments. While service design practice has reached maturity, it is unable on its own to fully address the complexity in these services. In this paper, we suggest that complementary systemic level approaches are needed to build up coherent service ecosystems through an investigation of the perceptions of early-stage entrepreneurs regarding their service ecosystem in the resource-scarce East Zone (EZ) of São Paulo, Brazil. We found there were fundamental gaps in public policies, mentoring, access to capital and business networks, together with relatively underdeveloped skills and abilities in accessing markets. We contribute to modelling service ecosystems, identifying systemic gaps and defining a high-level agenda for service design to support early-stage entrepreneurship.

Healthcare documentation or nursing documentation as often used in practice is the name of an indispensable part of a patient’s medical documentation, and documentation is an integral part of a nurse’s daily work. Documenting health care in the hospital means recording data on all procedures performed, during the entire health care process for the individual, all for the purpose of systematic monitoring, planning and evaluation of the quality of health care. Nursing documentation serves as a means of communication between the team and is of great importance for the quality and continuity of health care.

Abstract Background The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection and HCV-RNA in the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) in HIV-positive persons remains unclear. Methods Poisson regression was used to compare incidence rates of DM (blood glucose >11.1 mmol/L, HbA1C >6.5% or >48 mmol/mol, starting antidiabetic medicine or physician reported date of DM onset) between current HIV/HCV groups (anti-HCV-negative, spontaneously cleared HCV, chronic untreated HCV, successfully treated HCV, HCV-RNA-positive after HCV treatment). Results A total of 16 099 persons were included; at baseline 10 091 (62.7%) were HCV-Ab-negative, 722 (4.5%) were spontaneous clearers, 3614 (22.4%) were chronically infected, 912 (5.7%) had been successfully treated, and 760 (4.7%) were HCV-RNA-positive after treatment. During 136 084 person-years of follow-up (PYFU; median [interquartile range], 6.9 [3.6–13.2]), 1108 (6.9%) developed DM (crude incidence rate, 8.1/1000 PYFU; 95% CI, 7.7–8.6). After adjustment, there was no difference between the 5 HCV strata in incidence of DM (global P = .33). Hypertension (22.2%; 95% CI, 17.5%–26.2%) and body mass index >25 (22.0%; 95% CI, 10.4%–29.7%) had the largest population-attributable fractions for DM. Conclusions HCV coinfection and HCV cure were not associated with DM in this large study. The biggest modifiable risk factors were hypertension and obesity, and continued efforts to manage such comorbidities should be prioritized.

A prior study described the association between ecosystem vitality, environmental health, and early childhood caries (ECC). The objective of this study was to determine the association between 24 global environmental indicators and ECC in 3–5-year-old children. In 61 countries, 55.5% of 3–5-year-old children had ECC. Eight factors had a small effect-size association with ECC: percentage of area that is marine-protected (partial eta squared; ƞ2 = 0.03); species habitat index (ƞ2 = 0.06); percentage of tree-cover loss (ƞ2 = 0.03); regional marine trophic index (ƞ2 = 0.03); total carbon dioxide emission intensity (ƞ2 = 0.03); methane emission intensity (ƞ2 = 0.04); nitrous oxide emission intensity (ƞ2 = 0.06); and sulfur dioxide emission intensity (ƞ2 = 0.03). Regression analysis revealed that two of these factors were significantly associated with the prevalence of ECC: methane emission intensity was inversely associated with ECC prevalence (B = − 0.34, 95% CI = − 0.66, − 0.03; p = 0.03), and nitrous oxide had a direct association with ECC prevalence (B = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.67; p = 0.03).

Th e beginning of 2020 was marked by the emergence of the 2019 COVID-19 pandemic (Corona Virus Disease from 2019) caused by the new corona virus, SARS-CoV-2 (also known as new CoV, 2019-nCoV or COVI-19), a name derived from the syndrome name, i.e. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, which fi rst appeared in China at the end of 2019 (1) and then spread rapidly around the world. So far, the animal from which the SARS-CoV-2 was transmitted to humans is not known yet with certainty. In addition to the previously known MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, which can cause severe clinical presentation (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), four other human coronaviruses (229E, NL63, OC43 and HKU1) have been shown to cause infection only in the upper respiratory tract and cause relatively minor symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 has the ability to infect and actively reproduce in the upper respiratory tract.

Recent evidence shows that COVID-19 patients with existing metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome, are exposed to a high risk of morbidity and mortality. At the same time, in order to manage the pandemic, the health authorities around the world are advising people to stay at home. This results in decreased physical activity and an increased consumption of an unhealthy diet, which often leads to an increase in body weight, risk for diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, and thus, paradoxically, to a high risk of morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 complications. Here we summarize the evidence demonstrating that the promotion of a healthy life style, including physical activity and a dietary intake of natural polyphenols present in coffee and tea, has the potential to improve the prevention and management of insulin resistance and diabetes in the time of COVID-19 pandemic. Particularly, it would be pertinent to evaluate further the potential positive effects of coffee beverages, rich in natural polyphenols, as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19, which appear not to be studied sufficiently.

The industrialization of agriculture has led to the great use of pesticides, which leads to huge global problems, such as the production of safe food that is safe for humans and the environment. By heavy metals we mean elements whose relative density is above 5 g cm-3, heavy metals can be divided into essential trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Mn, Ni) and toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Hg ). Heavy metals are represented 25% in the soil, and the largest percentage is occupied by K, Fe, Mg, Ca, Al, Na. In addition to anthropogenic processes such as urbanization, traffic, industrialization, heavy metals can be a consequence of natural or pedogenetic processes, ie. inheritance from the parent substrate. The aim of this study was to determine the content of heavy metals Lead and Cadmium in the examined samples, to compare the obtained samples with the norms of the EU and BiH and the influence of the content of heavy metals on the quality of honey. Data collection was performed on the basis of honey analysis of four producers from the area of ​​Tuzla, Lukavac, Živinice and Bihac. The analysis was performed on February 18, 2020. to 25.02.2020. years. The analysis of the processed data was performed in the statistical program IBM SPSS.

One of the most important agricultural activities is certainly beekeeping, which significantly contributes to the preservation of biodiversity and the improvement of agricultural and, above all, fruit production. In its approach to the European Union, Bosnia and Herzegovina follows the trends and harmonizes its legal legislation in many segments that relate to agriculture and beekeeping as its very important segment. According to the available land per capita, Bosnia and Herzegovina does not lag behind European countries, because it has a great potential for agricultural production that has not been used. The application of legal norms in beekeeping production is the basis for success in production, as well as health and food quality. The primary goal of this study was to determine the influence of physicochemical properties on honey quality. Data collection was performed on the basis of honey analysis of four producers from the area of ​​Tuzla, Lukavac, Živinice and Bihac. The analysis was performed on February 18, 2020. to 25.02.2020. years. The analysis of samples and their physico-chemical parameters proved that there are statistically significant differences between the examined types of honey. The analysis of the main components was performed with the aim of detecting the difference in quality. The analysis of the processed data was performed in the statistical program IBM SPSS.