The growing need for autonomous systems in offshore industries has contributed to the increased use of machine learning methods. These systems promise to improve safety in operations. However, the methods as enablers of autonomy are susceptible to various failures while interpreting data and making decisions. Several studies have highlighted the lack of research on the reliability and resilience of autonomous systems powered by these standard methods. Recent research provides sets of data interpretation methods. Despite the popularity of machine learning, there is a significant drop in knowledge when these methods result in failures. These failures further support autonomous systems in making wrong decisions. For autonomous systems, resilience and safety management should be an integrated functionality for recovery from risky situations and reporting of incidents. This research proposes an overview of machine learning methods for interpreting sensor data captured by drones operated manually and autonomously. We apply Isolation Forest for anomaly detection analysis and evaluate the Decision tree, Random forest, kNN, Logistic Regression, SVM, and, Naive Bayes for classification analysis. The methods are chosen based on their adequacy and comparative research prevalence. Comparison between the two drone operation modes contributes to understanding the reliability level for autonomously collected data. This research’s results provide an evaluation of machine learning methods’ performance across sensor data.

Background: In last 2 decades, there have been substantial changes in the utilization patterns of antihypertensive medicines following new clinical trials and the introduction of new treatment guidelines. The aim of this study was to analyze utilization and prescribing patterns regarding antihypertensive medicines in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina during an 11-years follow-up according to national and European treatment guidelines. Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, medicine utilization data were analyzed between 2009–2019 period using the ATC/DDD methodology and expressed as the number of DDD/1,000 inhabitants/day (DID/TID). The medicine utilization 90% (DU90%) method was used for determine the quality of prescribing. Results: During the observed period, the use of antihypertensive medicines increased more than 3-times (125.97 DDD/TID in 2009 vs 414.95 DDD/TID in 2019), corresponding to a rise in the prevalence of hypertensive patients from 91.7/1,000 to 186.3/1,000 in the same period. This was mainly driven by increased use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors with 241.69%, beta blockers with 146.87%, calcium channel blockers with 251.55%, and diuretics with 178.95%. Angiotensin receptor blockers were the fastest growing group of antihypertensive medicines in this period and their utilization increased nearly 40 times. Conclusions: The overall antihypertensive medicines utilization was largely influenced by national and ESH/ESC guidelines and strongly corresponded to the positive medicine list of the national health insurance fund. Antihypertensive medicines utilization is comparable with medicine utilization trends in other countries.

Quantification and scientific observations of the fate and transport of dissolved strontium in water systems, particularly cold climate water systems, are severely lacking. In this work, in an experiment conducted at a temperature of 6 °C, the observation of strontium precipitation along with calcium carbonate minerals from cold wastewater is investigated. ICP-MS is used for metal analyses where the distribution of the species and saturation state of minerals along with a surface complexation model was performed using the public-use USGS geochemical modeling software, PHREEQC (PH Redox Equilibrium (in C language)). Sample media were analyzed using XPS and Raman spectroscopy. The results suggest that the loss of strontium from natural waters is via the process of co-precipitation with calcite, a calcium carbonate polymorph. The observations and findings are intended to be useful to quantify the loss of 90Sr from the water, in the case of an unplanned release from a nuclear reactor-operated facility. The results indicate that the precipitation model is a robust and reliable approach to predicting and monitoring the behaviour and transport of strontium that may occur in natural environments as a result of an accidental nuclear release.

In this work, I analyze Nietzsche’s concept of the affirmation of life as one of the main concepts of his philosophy in general. To overcome the pessimism and decadence modern culture has fallen into, Nietzsche construes the concept of the affirmation of life as its main goal and imperative. Hence, for each individual, it is necessary to affirm life by achieving their own autonomy, i.e. pathos of distance. Only by achieving genuine pathos of distance, would human beings be able to overcome pessimism.

A modernidade tem trazido mudanças efetivas na sociedade. Com o advento da globalização e o avanço tecnolígico na área de comunicação as profissões sofrerão fortes mudanças no modus operandi ao longo do tempo e as legislações não tiveram essa mudança brisca respeitando essa mesma velocidade. Dado a isso, na área do transporte de passageiros não se furtou a isso, além dos conhecidos taxis, surgiram várias empresas de transporte de pessoas por aplicativo, onde motoristas disposibilizam seus carros para o transporte terceirizando seu serviço para operadoas desses aplicativos, Dentro desse viés a legislação vigente fala de responsabilidade subsidiada, porém a ausência de uma lei específica, a falta de jurisprudência atua e atualizada deixam lacunas nas leis para a tomada de descisões sobre a relação emprego e prestação de serviços desses motoristas de aplicativos. Sobre essas grandes mudanças não coabitaram com as novas demandas surgidas no campo trabalhista gerando confusão nas decisões e até mesmo trazendo certas dificuldades aos juristas nas decisões da criação de jurisprudência.Portanto, é preciso uma revisão bibliográfica, de forma a percepção de pareceres, um novo olhar legislativo, observando as nuances das escritas a fim de traçar parâmetros interpretativos para estabelecer conceitos sobre essa relação de emprego, onde não está claro o posicionamento de ambos, nem se quer o posicionamento da ordenação jurídica a esse respeito.

The study empirically explores the relationship between OFDI and the home country’s institutional quality by employing a panel of 23 European emerging countries between 2000 and 2019. In doing so, the study employs the VECM estimation procedure. The key findings of this research indicate that the rate of adjustment to reach long-run equilibrium in European post-transition countries is lower than in European transition countries. In conclusion, there is evidence, for the period being investigated, of causality between the home country’s institutional quality and OFDI in both regions. Also, most of the transition countries are still in the process of building the institutional environment, with many institutional voids and different starting points of their internalization process. In fact, most of the countries, especially European transition countries, are in stage 2 or stage 3 of their investment development path (IDP) development, where IFDI stock still remains higher than OFDI stock.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The hip fracture is the leading cause of disability and deaths in elderly. If left untreated, the hip fracture results in inability to walk, and therefore the patient is dependent on the other's people help. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive values of the functional status, present comorbidities, and the types of treatment on the long-term functional status and mortality in patients with the hip fracture. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed the data about the patients with the hip fractures treated in the period between 01.07.2006. and 01.07.2016., with the mean follow-up period between 34.3±4.9 months. The data included radiographs, age, comorbidities, functional status on admission, functional status on discharge, and follow-ups. RESULTS Female sex, increasing age, and poorer functional status upon admission, conservative treatment, trochanteric fracture, the presence of neurological or lung disease, diabetes, were all significant risk factors leading to poorer functional outcomes on the latest follow-up (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the patients who were mobile upon admission had a longer survival (38.1±3.51 months) as compared with the other patients (12.3±5.1 months; χ2=25.202, p = 0.001). Besides, the results of this study revealed that the direct, statistically significant relationship exists between the untreated internal and neurological diseases, and increased mortality and poorer functional outcomes on the latest follow-up. CONCLUSIONS These results are useful for the orthopedic and trauma surgeons, who are treating these patients, the physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists, who are performing the rehabilitation of these patients, but also the health policy makers, who may promote the programmes of healthy aging (treating the diseases, maintaining fitness, etc.) Key words: hip fracture; comorbidity; mortality; functional status.

Abstract Background Specialty training in plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgery is a prerequisite for safe and effective provision of care. The aim of this study was to assess and portray similarities and differences in the continuing education and specialization in plastic surgery in Europe. Material and Methods A detailed questionnaire was designed and distributed utilizing an online survey administration software. Questions addressed core items regarding continuing education and specialization in plastic surgery in Europe. Participants were addressed directly via the European Leadership Forum (ELF) of the European Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (ESPRAS). All participants had detailed knowledge of the organization and management of plastic surgical training in their respective country. Results The survey was completed by 29 participants from 23 European countries. During specialization, plastic surgeons in Europe are trained in advanced tissue transfer and repair and aesthetic principles in all parts of the human body and within several subspecialties. Moreover, rotations in intensive as well as emergency care are compulsory in most European countries. Board certification is only provided for surgeons who have had multiple years of training regulated by a national board, who provide evidence of individually performed operative procedures in several anatomical regions and subspecialties, and who pass a final oral and/or written examination. Conclusion Board certified plastic surgeons meet the highest degree of qualification, are trained in all parts of the body and in the management of complications. The standard of continuing education and qualification of European plastic surgeons is high, providing an excellent level of plastic surgical care throughout Europe. Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Facharzt-Weiterbildung für Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie ist eine Grundvoraussetzung für sichere und effektive Patientenversorgung. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Darstellung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden in der Weiterbildung für Plastische Chirurgie innerhalb von Europa. Materialien und Methoden Ein internetbasierter Fragebogen wurde mit Hilfe eines kostenlosen Formularerstellungstools erstellt und verteilt. Die Fragen betrafen Kernpunkte der Weiterbildung für Plastische Chirurgie in Europa. Die Teilnehmer wurden direkt über das European Leadership Forum (ELF) der European Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (ESPRAS) kontaktiert. Alle Teilnehmer hatten weitreichende Kenntnisse über die Organisation und Struktur der plastisch-chirurgischen Weiterbildung in ihrem jeweiligen Land. Ergebnisse 29 Teilnehmer*innen aus 23 europäischen Ländern nahmen an der Umfrage teil. Die Weiterbildung für Plastische Chirurgie beinhaltet grundlegende Prinzipien und Techniken zur Wiederherstellung von Form und Funktion innerhalb der verschiedenen Säulen der Plastischen Chirurgie, sowie in allen Körperregionen. In den meisten europäischen Ländern ist eine Rotation in der Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin und die Behandlung kritisch kranker Patienten obligatorisch. Voraussetzung für die Facharztbezeichnung ist die mehrjährige, national organisierte Weiterbildung, der Nachweis einer festgelegten Anzahl selbstständig durchgeführter Operationen, sowie die mündliche und/oder schriftliche Abschlussprüfung. Schlussfolgerung Fachärzte für Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie sind hochqualifiziert und auch im Umgang mit Komplikationen geschult. Der Standard der Weiterbildung der europäischen Plastischen Chirurgen ist hoch, so dass innerhalb Europas eine hohe Qualität plastisch-chirurgischer Versorgung gewährleistet ist.

In this research the aim was to determine differences in morphological characteristics between 11 tomato accessions from the Gene Bank of the Republic of Srpska. The experiment was conducted and analysis was performed during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. A total of 16 morphological characteristics (9 quantitative and 7 qualitative) were analyzed according to International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) descriptors for tomato. The results showed that polymorphism (diversity) was present in all quantitative characteristics and in 6 qualitative characteristics, while only one qualitative characteristic was monomorphic (no differences between accessions). Thereby, polymorphism was present in 93.75% of morphological characteristics. Out of a total of 9 quantitative characteristics, a highly significant difference (p 0.01) was found in all characteristics except for the 1000-seed weight since this characteristic had only one value per accession measured according to the IPGRI tomato descriptors. The accessions from the Gene Bank of the Republic of Srpska have shown high diversity in all qualitative characteristics except in plant growth type, which was indeterminate in all analyzed accessions. This research provides a new insight into the research area of diversity of tomato landraces from the Republic of Srpska, which is important for further promotion and sustainable use of germplasm not only for scientific research purposes but also for national rural farmers, who are the key to preserving traditional knowledge and skills related to the cultivation and use of traditional varieties and tomato landraces.

During the Covid-19 health emergency, telemedicine was an essential asset through which health systems strengthened their response during the critical phase of the pandemic. According to the post-pandemic economic reform plans of many countries, telemedicine will not be limited to a tool for responding to an emergency condition but it will become a structural resource that will contribute to the reorganization of Healthcare Systems and enable the transfer of part of health care from the hospital to the home-based care. However, scientific evidences have shown that health care delivered through telemedicine can be burdened by numerous ethical and legal issues. Although there is an emerging discussion on patient safety issues related to the use of telemedicine, there is a lack of reseraches specifically designed to investigate patient safety. On the contrary, it would be necessary to determine standards and specific application rules in order to ensure safety. This paper examines the telemedicine-risk profiles and proposes a position statement for clinical risk management to support continuous improvement in the safety of health care delivered through telemedicine.

Even though interest in Machine Learning Based Clinical Decision Support Systems (ML-CDSS) has been rapidly growing in recent years, most research and development is exclusively focused on secondary and tertiary care – even though effective diagnostic support in primary care could significantly improve both the circumstances, the process and the outcome of general practice. In this paper, we study the suitability of five supervised machine learning algorithms to the problem of multiclass classification with sparse Boolean features on a primary care data set, and we examine the robustness of the algorithms to incomplete data. We introduce our own classification algorithm, the Artificial Intelligence Based Diagnostic Assistant (AIDA), which is capable of incorporating both symptoms and contextual information into its diagnostic process, thus modeling the decision-making of physicians in a novel and accurate manner. Through our experimental results we show that AIDA is by far the most suitable classification algorithm for ML-CDSS applications in primary care, owing to its high accuracy and outstanding robustness to missing, sparse information.

Evolving Internet applications, such as immersive multimedia and Industry 4, exhibit stringent delay, loss, and rate requirements. Realizing these requirements would be difficult without advanced dynamic traffic management solutions that leverage state-of-the-art technologies, such as Software-Defined Networking (SDN). Mininet represents a common choice for evaluating SDN solutions in a single machine. However, Mininet lacks the ability to emulate links that have multiple queues to enable differentiated service for different traffic streams. Additionally, performing a scalable emulation in Mininet would not be possible without light-weight application emulators. In this paper, we introduce two tools, namely: QLink and SPEED. QLink extends Mininet API to enable emulating links with multiple queues to differentiate between different traffic streams. SPEED represents a light-weight web traffic emulation tool that enables scalable HTTP traffic simulation in Mininet. Our performance evaluation shows that SPEED enables scalable emulation of HTTP traffic in Mininet. Additionally, we demo the benefits of using QLink to isolate three different applications (voice, web, and video) in a network bottleneck for numerous users.

Reinforcing the polymer with nanoparticles and fibers improves the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Owing to this, the functional parts produced by the FDM process of such materials can be used in industrial applications. However, optimal parameters’ selection is crucial to produce parts with optimal properties, such as mechanical strength. This paper focuses on the analysis of influential process parameters on the tensile strength of FDM printed parts. Two statistical methods, RSM and ANN, were applied to investigate the effect the layer thickness, printing speed, raster angle and wall thickness on the tensile strength of test specimens printed with a short carbon fiber reinforced polyamide composite. The reduced cubic model was developed by the RSM method, and the correlation between the input parameters and the output response was analyzed by ANOVA. The results show that the layer thickness and raster angle have the most significant influence on tensile strength. As for machine learning, among the nine different tested ANN topologies, the best configuration was found based on the lowest MAE and MSE test sample result. The results show that the proposed model could be a useful tool for predicting tensile strength. Its main advantage is the reduction in time needed for experiments with the LOSO (leave one subject out) k-fold cross validation scheme, offering better generalization ability, given the small set of learning examples.