Purpose. Athletic sprint runs are cyclical movements of maximum intensity. Speed, reaction time, agility and explosiveness are of special importance in sprinters. The main goal of the research is to determine the influence of Body height (BH) and Body weight (BW) with the best achieved results of  in sprint disciplines (60m,100m,200m). Material and methods. In study included 40 competitors, top male sprinters (BH=180,45±6,88cm; BW=78,83±7,69kg). Their achieved best results in sprint disciplines were analyzed (60m, 100m, 200m). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between body height and body weight and the results of sprint disciplines. Also a univariate model of regression analysis was applied and the relevant coefficients were calculated. The level of acceptance of statistical significance was set to p<0.05. Results. The simple regression analysis did not show a statistically significant influence of body height and body weight on the result of sprint running. Low correlations (BH vs. 100m = -0.306), (BW vs. 100m = -0.226) and (BH vs. 200m = -0.221) and insignificant correlations with an inverse relationship between results and anthropometric measures are mainly evident. Conclusion. Body height and body weight did not have a statistically significant effect on the results of the 60m sprint, while their influence is evident in the 100m, and especially in the 200m (but without statistical significance). This influence on the result of running 100 and 200m is a consequence of the exceptional motor-functional abilities of the sprinter to show greater force in the last phase of the rebound. Otherwise in the sprint, the rear rebound phase is much more important than the front rebound phase. A long step with the body weight (muscle) of the sprinter produces a higher rebound force, which with a big frequency of steps and good tecnique guarantees a good result.

In this article, we touch on the preambles of constitutions, their importance, and manner of interpretation with a purposeful analysis of these issues as the main objective of this paper. We look at constitutional law in its entirety, as well as preambular issues, to evaluate the segments of the legal act that represent its non-normative part. To significantly contribute to the understanding of the very goal of the constitution and similar acts is the most important issue of this topic. By analysing different methods of interpreting the constitution and its preamble, we provide a comprehensive account of errors in interpreting the constitution that penetrate every segment of our lives.

Cuba has been a significant player in international and regional politics for a long while, particularly compared to its size. However, reliable data on the standard of living of its society is scarce. The literature review reflects how the Cuban state manipulated certain data forwarded to international organisations. Our objective was to implement field research and gain pri mary data on Cubans’ quality of life and income structure that could help to identify the extent of income inequality among the different demographic clusters in the country. We used individual questionnaires, as well as de -scriptive, frequency and inferential statistics. The results show varying in come inequalities among the different demographic clusters and a “perverse effect” in income distribution, leading to the formation of a “parasite” stra tum in Cuban society.

Abstract Drawing on ethnographic interview analysis of Aboriginal participants in Australia, this study seeks to expand the critical discussions in Applied Linguistics by understanding the concept of translanguaging in relation to its “mundanity” (or ordinariness). Our data shows that rather than perceiving translanguaging as extraordinary, for Aboriginal speakers it is more likely to be considered normal, unremarkable, mundane, and as a long-existing phenomenon. The concept of the mundanity of translanguaging is thereby expanded through three main discussions in this article: 1) negotiating identity and resisting racism, where the Aboriginal speakers choose to translanguage using their full linguistic repertoires, but with appropriate communicative adjustments made for their interlocutor; 2) a display of respect towards their land, heritage and language; and 3) as an inherent and mundane everyday practice where they constantly negotiate between heritage languages, English, Kriol, and Aboriginal English varieties. The significance of this study lies in the normalisation of translanguaging as a mundane disinvention strategy, as this urges us to perceive linguistic separateness as a colonial ideological construct that is used to exhibit control over diverse peoples and to maintain uniformity and stability of nation-states.

this H, Bayati S, Hellström C et al. Persisting Salivary IgG Against SARS-CoV-2 at 9 Months After Mild COVID-19: A Complementary Approach to Population Surveys.

Nondipole effects in processes assisted by a THz field having the strength of a few MV/cm can be significant due to its long wavelength. We illustrate this for strong-laser-field-induced ionization assisted by a THz field. To this end, we generalize our strong-field-approximation theory so that it includes the first-order term in a 1/c expansion of the vector potential. We show that in this case, in addition to a shift of the maximum of the photoelectron momentum distribution, the differential ionization probability as well as the cutoff energy can be significantly increased. For an explanation of these unexpected results we use the saddle-point method adjusted to include nondipole effects.

Background The uneven lipid-lowering statin effects and statin intolerance raise interest regarding the involvement of coadministration of statins and dietary supplements. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of octacosanol supplementation on markers of redox status in cardiovascular patients on chronic atorvastatin therapy. Methods A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-centre study was conducted. Redox status homeostasis parameters [i.e., advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), total protein sulfhydryl (SHgroups), and paraoxonase 1 (PO N 1) activity] were assessed in 81 patients. According to favorable changes in lipid profile, patients were classified into two groups: responders (n = 35) and non-responders (n = 46), and followed for 13 weeks. A principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore the effect of octacosanol supplementation and the relationship between investigated parameters as predictors of responders' and non-responders' status. Results Significant decrease in Oxy-score value was found at the endpoint compared to baseline in responders' group (21.0 (13.4-25.5) versus 15.1 (12.4-18.0); P < 0.01). PCA analysis extracted 4 significant factors in the both groups, whereas extracted factors containing "octacosanol status" variable explained 14.7% and 11.5% of the variance in responders' and non-responders' subgroups, respectively. Conclusions Octacosanol supplementation leads to an improvement of lipid profile and markers of redox status in responders' group. New studies are needed to validate our results in order to find the best approach for personalized supplementation as a useful adjunct to standard statin therapy.

Introduction: Healthcare reengineering is a powerful methodology of change that helps organizations rearrange priorities, provide cost-effective treatment, and increase the quality of patient care.Aim: To determine the attitudes and opinions of healthcare professionals according to the needs for reorganization processes, evaluation of the profession and responsibilities for performing more complex jobs and tasks. Material and methods: The study is theoretical and empirical. An exploratory method and a descriptive analytical method for research using a questionnaire instrument were used to collect secondary data. The study was conducted among 108 healthcare professionals who completed one of the studies at the Faculties of Health Studies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and who are employed in the Public Healthcare Centers of Sarajevo Canton and among 6 managers of regional Healthcare Centers in Sarajevo Canton. Two original author questionnaires created on the basis of practical experience were used as a study instrument. The study was conducted in the period from September 1st to November 30th, 2019.Results: Out of the total number, 87% of respondents believe that they are fully ready to take on new, more demanding tasks within their work, and 67% of them believe that they have enough education to perform more responsible jobs. In most cases, the heads of institutions expressed a positive attitude towards taking on greater obligations and responsibilities in the work process. Only 50% of the heads of institutions state that they have a strategic plan for reorganization and optimization of staff with a degree in healthcare.Conclusion: Healthcare professionals who have completed their studies at Faculties of Health Studies can competently perform more complex and responsible jobs and tasks in health centers with additional training, which is confirmed by their managers. It is necessary to adopt a Strategic Plan for the development, reorganization and optimization of health personnel at the level of primary healthcare, which would significantly improve the quality of work.

The quality of road infrastructure largely depends on the quality of road construction and adequate construction machinery. In order to reduce uncertainties and improve the performance of road infrastructure, it is necessary to apply modern and appropriate construction machinery. The aim of this study was to create a novel integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model for the selection of pavers for the middle category of roads. A total of 16 criteria were defined and then divided into four main groups, on the basis of which the performance of 12 pavers was evaluated. Improved Fuzzy Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (IMF SWARA) with D numbers (IMF D-SWARA) was extended to determine the significance of the criteria for the selection of construction machinery based on two groups of experts. Rough measurement of choices and their ranking as a compromise solution (R-MARCOS) was used to evaluate and rank the performance of construction machinery. The results show that three alternatives out of the set considered can satisfy defined requirements. After that, we performed a multi-phase validity test in which different values of criterion weights were simulated. A comparative analysis with seven other Rough MCDM methods was also created, and the Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC) and WS coefficient were calculated to determine the correlation of ranks for sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis. Thus, the obtained results were verified.

This paper presents a simulation study of a first order plus dead time system (FOPDT) controlled with proportional integral derivative (PID) controller tuned by optimizing several objective functions and treating several different scenarios. Objective functions used are Integral of Absolute Magnitude of Error (IAE), Integral of Time multiplied by the Absolute Error (ITAE), Integral of the Square Error (ISE), Integral of Time multiplied by the Square Error (ITSE) and Mean of the Integral Square Error (MISE). Scenarios include unit step response and total energy effort analysis: with and without disturbance present, unit step response in case of model to true system mismatch in time constants. Time constants being dominant time constant of the process and dead time constant. optimization algorithm used is particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.

The content of micro- and macroelements in dry wild and edible Morchella esculenta and Lactarius piperatus mushrooms collected in Bosnia and Herzegovina was determined using the ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrom- etry) technique. The contents of microelements in M. esculenta and L. piperatus expressed in mg kg −1 DW (dry weight) were as follows: Co 0.08 and 0.28, Cu 37.35 and 27.66, Fe 174.29 and 28.11, Mn 21.26 and 19.31, Se 0.46 and 0.52, Zn 122.84 and 45.06, Al 27.80 and 24.80, Cr 0.83 and 1.06, Ni 0.99 and 0.96, As 0.32 and 0.09, Cd 0.48 and 0.13, and Pb 0.61 and 0.12, respectively, while the contents of macroelements were: K 26989.48 and 36117.20, Na 70.85 and 28.60, Ca 643.48 and 271.93, Mg 684.16 and 840.64, S 2329.33 and 610.42, and P 10339.35 and 5107.63, respectively. In this study, the potential health risks of heavy metals were assessed, and target hazard quotient (THQ) for As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr in the tested mushrooms was lower than the safe level. Edible wild mushrooms M. esculenta and L. piperatus , according to this study, could be used in human nutrition due to their favourable characteristics. Based on the accumulations of heavy metals in the tested mushrooms, it was shown that the collection surfaces are environmentally acceptable. Mushrooms collected from this area are generally safe to eat and pose no health risks to humans.

Multi-agent modeling is suitable to simulate complex interaction dynamics of microscopic urban road traffic. Valuable motion predictions can systematically be generated and exchanged among the participants (agents) to study and quantity benefits of advanced V2X-communication, for example. However, such predictions are inherently uncertain which needs to be considered for traffic safety. This work proposes a stochastic motion prediction and evaluation approach suitable for multi-agent-based simulation and control. Dynamic occupancy probability grid maps are constructed, and their interpretation clearly shows the uncertainty generated by unknown road user intentions or traffic interactions. By formulating joint occupancy probability maps, a quantification of near-accident risk becomes possible which seems to be a promising tool to examine safety aspects in “non-critical” traffic situations. The studies are based on published naturalistic driving measurement data, and both data-based as well as model-based predictions are discussed.

ABSTRACT The main goal of every company is to gain as much profit as possible, and a very important goal is also to obtain a competitive advantage in the market. In this paper, it has been developed and applied an integrated model, which is based on a PCA-DEA-MCDM approach, with the aim of evaluating the efficiency of a transport company from Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the very beginning, using the PCA (Principal Component Analysis)–DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model, efficient and inefficient business years were identified, and then, using CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Inter Criteria Correlation) and the Entropy method, weight values of defined parameters were determined. After that, the decision-making units were ranked using MARCOS (Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution). In addition, the sensitivity analysis includes the formation of scenarios of changes in weight values of five most significant criteria and the calculation of SCC and WS correlation coefficients. The application of this integrated model, in addition to identifying efficient/inefficient years of operation, enables the identification of influencing factors of the most efficient year of operation, which can serve as a benchmark to further contribute to the efficiency of the transport company.

An outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children was reported in Scotland^ 1 in April 2022 and has now been identified in 35 countries^ 2 . Several recent studies have suggested an association with human adenovirus with this outbreak, a virus not commonly associated with hepatitis. Here we report a detailed case–control investigation and find an association between adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) infection and host genetics in disease susceptibility. Using next-generation sequencing, PCR with reverse transcription, serology and in situ hybridization, we detected recent infection with AAV2 in plasma and liver samples in 26 out of 32 (81%) cases of hepatitis compared with 5 out of 74 (7%) of samples from unaffected individuals. Furthermore, AAV2 was detected within ballooned hepatocytes alongside a prominent T cell infiltrate in liver biopsy samples. In keeping with a CD4^+ T-cell-mediated immune pathology, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II HLA-DRB1*04:01 allele was identified in 25 out of 27 cases (93%) compared with a background frequency of 10 out of 64 (16%; P  = 5.49 × 10^−12). In summary, we report an outbreak of acute paediatric hepatitis associated with AAV2 infection (most likely acquired as a co-infection with human adenovirus that is usually required as a ‘helper virus’ to support AAV2 replication) and disease susceptibility related to HLA class II status. A case–control study investigating the causes of recent cases of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in 32 children identifies an association between adeno-associated virus infection and host genetics in disease susceptibility.