The architecture of the contemporary mosque is a popular form of self-expression in Muslim communities. Many societies, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, are divided over the mosque-style dilemma. Today's understanding of mosque architecture is quite varied. Some architects, as well as the vast majority of Muslims, believe that new mosques should always be modeled after popular historic styles. A smaller number of architects and others see the mosque as a modern concept devoid of the past. Yet the number of modern designs in newly constructed mosques is significantly lower. Given that the sources of Islam do not contain strict instructions on mosque design, there is no reason to design a mosque today in the styles of the past. The architectural vocabulary of a contemporary mosque should express the present while adhering to universal Islamic principles. In that sense, contemporary architectural language will best express the cultural identity of Muslim communities. A contemporary mosque, on the other hand, will emphasize the fundamental values of Islamic architectural history in this way.

Standardni bosanski jezik pripada četveroakcenatskom novoštokavskom sistemu, od kojeg odstupa u prisutnosti silaznih akcenata u tuđicama, složenicama, genitivu jednine i akuzativu množine pojedinih riječi, neprenošenju akcenta na proklitiku, skraćenicama te dvosložnom refleksu jata. S obzirom na to da je uvjet da upotrebni oblik bude i normiran zapravo precizan opis kategorija, to se u ovom radu silaznom akcentu pristupa sistemski, tj. otkrivaju se moguće kategorije u kojima se silazni akcent javlja dosljedno izvan početnog sloga. Za konačno normiranje potrebno je ove kategorije ispitati na terenu, čime se ovaj rad neće baviti.Iz dosadašnjih istraživanja kao nedovoljno opisane izdvojile su se tuđice i silazni akcent u genitivu množine i vokativu jednine pojedinih riječi. S obzirom na to da se primjeri mogu grupisati prema sufiksima gotovo bez ostatka, a polazeći od teze da sufiksi mogu određivati akcenatsku sliku riječi, kategorije tuđica i riječi koje u genitivu množine i/li vokativu jednine imaju ili mogu imati silazni akcenat izvan početnog sloga kategorizirane su dakle prema sufiksima, koji su detaljno pobrojani. Korpus su činili opći rječnici bosanskog jezika, pa su date napomene i o trenutnom normativnom statusu pojedinih kategorija, od kojih su neke i normirane. Istraživanje je iznjedrilo i opći zaključak, a to je da se u bosanskom jeziku silazni akcenti izvan prvog sloga javljaju samo u trosložnim i višesložnim riječima.

The enhancement of boiling heat transfer has been extensively shown to be achievable through surface texturing or fluid property modification, yet few studies have investigated the possibility of coupling both enhancement approaches. The present work focuses on exploring the possibility of concomitant enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer by using TiO2-water nanofluid in combination with laser-textured copper surfaces. Two mass concentrations of 0.001 wt.% and 0.1 wt.% are used, along with two nanoparticle sizes of 4–8 nm and 490 nm. Nanofluids are prepared using sonification and degassed distilled water, while the boiling experiments are performed at atmospheric pressure. The results demonstrate that the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) using nanofluids is deteriorated compared to using pure water on the reference and laser-textured surface. However, the critical heat flux (CHF) is significantly improved at 0.1 wt.% nanoparticle concentration. The buildup of a highly wettable TiO2 layer on the surface is identified as the main reason for the observed performance. Multiple subsequent boiling experiments using nanofluids on the same surface exhibited a notable shift in boiling curves and their instability at higher concentrations, which is attributable to growth of the nanoparticle layer on the surface. Overall, the combination of nanofluids boiling on a laser-textured surface proved to enhance the CHF after prolonged exposure to highly concentrated nanofluid, while the HTC was universally and significantly decreased in all cases.

Abstract Introduction Injuries around the elbow pose a challenging problem for orthopaedic surgeons. The complex bony architecture of the joint should be restored and the thin soft tissue envelope needs to be handled with meticulous care. Elbow instability is a complication seen after dislocations and fractures of the elbow and remains a treatment challenge. The purpose of this study was to provide subjective and objective results following the surgical treatment of unstable elbow dislocations with an external hinged fixation technique. Methods Forty-six consecutive patients with complex trauma of the elbow with instability after ligament reconstruction were enrolled between January 2017 and December 2019. The parameters used to quantify the subjective and objective functional results were the Mayo Elbow Score (MES, objective) and Oxford Elbow Score (OES, subjective), and clinical stability of the elbow joint. We also performed a radiological follow-up of the fractures. Results The mean MES and OES scores were good at the 12-month follow-up. We had 38 patients with stable joints and 8 patients with minor instability. Using the stress test, we saw a significant difference in the affected joint under varus stress (6.7 ± 1.8 mm) compared to the healthy joint (5.8 ± 1.2 mm) laterally. Furthermore, medially the gap was significantly larger (5.8 ± 0.8 mm, treated elbow) than the contralateral gap under valgus stress (4.3 ± 0.8 mm) (p <0.001). Twenty-one complications occurred in 46 patients (46%): Seven patients had a clinical change of elbow axis: Three valgus (6%), four varus (9%); Superficial wound infection occurred in one case (2%) and ulnar nerve dysfunction in two (4%). The most common medium-term complication was post-traumatic osteoarthritis in eight cases (17%). Heterotopic ossification occurred in five patients (11%) and elbow stiffness in five cases (11%). Conclusion The use of the hinged elbow external fixator in the treatment of complex elbow trauma is a valid therapeutic adjunct to ligamentous reconstruction showing encouraging results with acceptable complications. How to cite this article Meccariello L, Caiaffa V, Mader K, et al. Treatment of Unstable Elbow Injuries with a Hinged Elbow Fixator: Subjective and Objective Results. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2022;17(2):68–73.

ABSTRACT Emulsion explosives exhibit strong nonideal detonation behavior, which provides a challenge for accurate numerical modeling. We present a nonideal detonation model based on the Wood–Kirkwood detonation theory and EXPLO5, capable of modeling the effect of the charge diameter on steady-state detonation velocity. The elements of the model are calibrated based on experimental data for four different emulsion explosives. It was demonstrated that both simple pressure-dependent and Kirby and Chan’s two-step reaction rate models can satisfactorily reproduce the detonation velocity–charge diameter data of unconfined charges. In addition, the reaction rate parameters are found to be a function of the density of explosives.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.795841.].

Objective To describe the incidence of infertility, pregnancy complications, and breastfeeding practices among Australian and New Zealand doctors and identify factors associated with increased pregnancy complication rates. Methods A survey of ANZ doctors using an online questionnaire during November 2021. Results One thousand ninety-nine completed responses were received. The median age of female doctors at the time of their first child was 32.4. Fertility testing was undertaken by 37%, with 27% having in vitro fertilization. More than 60% of respondents delayed family planning due to work. Pregnancy loss occurred in 36% of respondents, and 50% suffered a pregnancy complication. There were significant differences between specialists, with surgeons working longer hours before and after pregnancy, but having greater access to maternity leave than general practitioners. Conclusion Female doctors delay starting and completing their family due to work-related demands and structural biases in career progression, which may result in higher infertility and pregnancy complication rates.

Aim The aim of this study was to link the values of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP), with the occurrence of pericardial effusion in patients who had coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and have preserved systolic function of the left ventricle (LV). Methods This was a prospective study and included 146 patients who underwent echocardiographic examination 30 days after the acute phase of COVID-19. Patients who were placed on mechanical ventilation, patients who had pulmonary thromboembolism or acute coronary syndrome during the acute period of the disease, patients who had an ejection fraction of the LV <50%, patients who were diagnosed with pericarditis during acute illness or clinical signs of heart failure (or had elevated N-terminal-pro hormone B-type natriuretic peptide value), with verified renal or hepatic dysfunction were excluded from the study, including patients with diabetes mellitus Type 1, patients with cancer, connective tissue disease, or pregnant women. The existence of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus Type 2, and hyperlipidemia), the presence of previous ischemic heart disease, maximum values of D-dimer, and CRP (during the first 15 days of the disease) was taken into the analysis. Results Effusion was verified around the right atrium (RA) in 104 patients (3.85 ± 1.75 mm), in 135 patients next to the free wall of the right ventricle (RV) (5.24 ± 2.29 mm), in front of the apex of the LV in 27 patients (2.44 ± 0.97 mm), next to the lateral wall of LV in 35 patients (4.43 ± 3.21 mm), and behind the posterior wall of LV in 30 patients (2.83 ± 1.62 mm). Mean CRP values during the acute phase of the disease were 43.0 mg/L (8.6–76.2 mg/L), whereas D-dimer mean value was 880.00 μg/L (467.00 –2000.00 μg/L). CRP values correlated with effusion next to the free wall of RV (rho = 0.202; P = 0.018). The D dimer correlated with effusion around RA (rho = 0.308; P = 0.0001). Conclusion The clinical picture of the post-COVID patients could be explained by the appearance of pericardial effusion. D-dimer value correlates with the occurrence of effusion around RA, whereas CRP value correlates with effusion next to the free wall of RV.

Phosphorus is essential to the growth of living organisms, and, therefore, its pres ence is considered vital for all forms of life. Research shows that phosphate rock reserves are reducing. Phosphate rock is used as raw material for the production of phos -phate-based fertilizers, and its lack of supply could have adverse effects on the global food supply. New resources that can be a potential replacement for phosphate rock in the production of fertilizers and other phosphorus-containing substances are investigated. This paper provides an overview of technology implementations, methods, and process es, as well as the latest achievements in the field of phosphorus recovery from waste streams. Different methods of phosphorus regeneration from sewage sludge and solid waste, and forms of phosphate regeneration are described. In addition, an overview of the following methods is given: nanonucleation, adsorption and ion exchange, solar evapora tion, biological assimilation of P, and membrane technologies.