Detecting failures early in cloud-based software systems is highly significant as it can reduce operational costs, enhance service reliability, and improve user experience. Many existing approaches include anomaly detection in metrics or a blend of metric and log features. However, such approaches tend to be very complex and hardly explainable, and consequently non-trivial for implementation and evaluation in industrial contexts. In collaboration with a case company and their cloud-based system in the domain of PIM (Product Information Management), we propose and implement autonomous monitors for proactive monitoring across multiple services of distributed software architecture, fused with anomaly detection in performance metrics and log analysis using GPT-3. We demonstrated that operations engineers tend to be more efficient by having access to interpretable alert notifications based on detected anomalies that contain information about implications and potential root causes. Additionally, proposed autonomous monitors turned out to be beneficial for the timely identification and revision of potential issues before they propagate and cause severe consequences.

This paper presents a robust exploration of the capabilities of conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in harnessing labeled data to produce high-quality labels for unlabeled samples. By leveraging conditional information, our approach guides the network to generate contextually relevant labels for specific time series data, accelerating the labeling process. A comprehensive evaluation of our model's performance, incorporating diverse metrics, visual representations, and his-tograms, illuminates the effectiveness of conditional GANs for the Assistive Label Generation (ALG) of time series Arabidopsis thaliana images. The Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) high-lights an average similarity of 98.89 % between the generated and manually labeled images. This innovative methodology holds the promise of significantly reducing labeling efforts.

The precise detection of plant centres is important for growth monitoring, enabling the continuous tracking of plant development to discern the influence of diverse factors. It holds significance for automated systems like robotic harvesting, facilitating machines in locating and engaging with plants. In this paper, we explore the YOLOv4 (You Only Look Once) real-time neural network detector for plant centre detection. Our dataset, comprising over 12,000 images from 151 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, is used to fine-tune the model. Evaluation of the dataset reveals the model's proficiency in centre detection across various accessions, boasting an mAP of 99.79% at a 50 % IoU threshold. The model demonstrates real-time processing capabilities, achieving a frame rate of approximately 50 FPS. This outcome underscores its rapid and efficient analysis of video or image data, showcasing practical utility in time-sensitive applications.

OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this investigation is to systematically scrutinize extant surgical studies delineating Four-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (4L ACDF), with a specific emphasis on elucidating reported surgical indications, clinical and radiological outcomes, fusion rates, lordosis correction, and the spectrum of complication rates. METHODS The literature review was conducted in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, employing the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Scopus databases. This analysis encompasses studies implementing the 4L ACDF procedure, with detailed extraction of pertinent data pertaining to surgical methodologies, types of employed interbody cages, clinical and radiological endpoints, rates of fusion, and the incidence of complications. RESULTS Among the 15 studies satisfying inclusion criteria, a marginal increment in the year 2022 (21.4%) was discerned, with a preponderance of study representation emanating from China (35.7%) and the United States (28.6%). 50% of the studies were single-surgeon studies. Concerning follow-up, studies exhibited variability, with 42.9% concentrating on periods of five years or less, and an equivalent proportion extending beyond this timeframe. Across the amalgamated cohort of 2457 patients, males constituted 51.6%, manifesting a mean age range of 52.2-61.3 years. Indications for surgery included radiculopathy (26.9%) and myelopathy (46.9%), with a predilection for involvement at C3-7 (24.9%). Meta-analysis yielded an overall complication rate of 16.258% (CI 95%: 14.823%-17.772%). Dysphagia (4.563%), haematoma (1.525%), hoarseness (0.205%), C5 palsy (0.176%) were the most prevalent complications of 4L ACDF. Fusion rates ranging from 41.3% to 94% were documented. CONCLUSION The 4L ACDF is commonly performed to address mylopathy and radiculopathy. While the surgery carries a complication rate of around 16%, its effectiveness in achieving bone fusion can vary considerably.

Aim: To examine whether there is a correlation between blood pressure, heart rate, and pain with the level of preoperative and postoperative anxiety in surgery of impacted third molars under local anesthesia. Subjects and Methods: In the study, which included adult patients of both sexes with an indication for surgical extraction of impacted third molars, research parameters were measured as follows: 1st measurement (day of examination) - blood pressure, heart rate, preoperative anxiety with Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI); 2nd measurement (immediately before the intervention) - blood pressure, heart rate, preoperative anxiety with STAI; 3rd measurement (day after intervention) - blood pressure, heart rate, postoperative anxiety with STAI, postoperative pain with visual analog scale. Results: The values of preoperative and postoperative anxiety and the measured parameters of blood pressure, heart rate, and postoperative pain were statistically significantly positively correlated with each other during all measurements. Conclusion: In order to increase the satisfaction of both the patient and the ordinarius, and to prevent possible complications in this type of oral surgical intervention, it would be useful to consider adequate therapy in order to prevent the development of anxiety, considering the confirmed correlation with the measured parameters.

Abstract: Veterinary practice commonly involves caring for domestic and companion animal. Since the trend of owning exotic pets is rapidly increasing, veterinarians often treat exotic patients as well. As a result, veterinarians are facing increased demands for specialized skills and knowledge. This article aims to provide a concise review of the anatomy of the vascular system in exotic animals and its relevance in clinical practice. Snakes, lizards and chelonians have 3-chambered heart with 2 atria and one partially divided ventricle whereas crocodiles have 4-chambered heart. It is important to consider these characteristics during the anesthesia in reptiles since blood shunting affects changes in blood pressure, oxygen level and other anesthetic parameters. In birds, the cardiovascular system is crucial in enduring the exhausting physical activities such as swimming, flying or diving and running. Birds have renal portal system which consists of cranial and caudal renal portal vein. The recommendation of avoiding drug application in the hindlimbs of birds is present for a long time. This is valid not only for birds, but for reptiles, amphibians and most fish. The ventricle of amphibians is trabeculated, which minimizes blood shunting through various anatomical and physiological features. During biphasic systole, the left and right side of the ventricle contract separately, directing blood in different parts of aortic arches. Due to the complexity of the exotic animals, thorough education added in veterinary curricula is needed. Keywords: amphibians, birds, cardiovascular, clinical, reptiles

Substituting precious elements in luminophores and photocatalysts by abundant first-row transition metals remains a significant challenge, and iron continues to be particularly attractive owing to its high natural abundance and low cost. Most iron complexes known to date face severe limitations due to undesirably efficient deactivation of luminescent and photoredox-active excited states. Two new iron(III) complexes with structurally simple chelate ligands enable straightforward tuning of ground and excited state properties, contrasting recent examples, in which chemical modification had a minor impact. Crude samples feature two luminescence bands strongly reminiscent of a recent iron(III) complex, in which this observation was attributed to dual luminescence, but in our case, there is clear-cut evidence that the higher-energy luminescence stems from an impurity and only the red photoluminescence from a doublet ligand-to-metal charge transfer (2LMCT) excited state is genuine. Photoinduced oxidative and reductive electron transfer reactions with methyl viologen and 10-methylphenothiazine occur with nearly diffusion-limited kinetics. Photocatalytic reactions not previously reported for this compound class, in particular the C–H arylation of diazonium salts and the aerobic hydroxylation of boronic acids, were achieved with low-energy red light excitation. Doublet–triplet energy transfer (DTET) from the luminescent 2LMCT state to an anthracene annihilator permits the proof of principle for triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion based on a molecular iron photosensitizer. These findings are relevant for the development of iron complexes featuring photophysical and photochemical properties competitive with noble-metal-based compounds.

The selection of the optimal equipment for discontinuous haulage systems is one of the most important decisions that need to be made when an open-pit mine is designed. There are a number of influencing factors, including natural (geological and environmental), technical, economic, and social. Some of them can be expressed numerically, in certain units of measure, while others are descriptive and can be stated by linguistic variables depending on the circumstances of the project. These factors are characterized by a high level of uncertainty, associated with both exploration and mining operations. The experience, knowledge, and expert judgment of engineers and specialists are of key importance for the management of mining processes, consistent with the issues stemming from the dynamic expansion of open-pit mines in space over time. This paper proposes an integrated model that translates all the criteria that affect the selection of the optimal solution into linguistic variables. By employing the multiple-criteria decision-making method and combining it with fuzzy logic, we developed an algorithm that addresses all the above-mentioned uncertainties inherent in various mining processes where the experience of experts forms the basis. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used in order to deal with trending decision problems, such as mining equipment and management system selection. The entire algorithm was applied to a real case study—the Ugljevik East 1 open-pit mine.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the biological mechanisms underlying the associations of psychological stress and intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). DESIGN Experimental mouse models and large human cohorts have been used. METHOD Consecutive mouse models with chemically induced colitis were used to investigate biological pathways though which psychological stress leads to gut inflammation. These results were validated in three human cohorts with patients with IBD. RESULTS Stress induced elevated levels of glucocorticoids drive the generation of an inflammatory subset of enteric glia cells. These enteric glia cells produce the protein CSF1, that promotes monocyte accumulation in the intestinal mucosa and TNF-mediated intestinal inflammation. CONCLUSION A pivotal role for the enteric nervous system (ENS) has been discovered in mediating the aggravating effect of psychological stress on intestinal inflammation.

Abstract Objective Finding a reliable preoperative predictor of complicated acute appendicitis (AA) has been a challenging diagnostic problem. The present study aimed to identify potential factors that may predict complicated AA in the pediatric emergency department (ED) based on routine, widely available laboratory tests on admission to the ED, including plasma sodium concentration. Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical and laboratory data of pediatric patients with AA who underwent emergency surgery at our department between January 2020 and December 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: histopathologically proven complicated AA (n = 80) and noncomplicated AA (n = 155). Results Complicated AA was associated with reduced plasma sodium and chloride concentrations (p < 0.001, both), decreased values of lymphocytes (p = 0.002), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (p < 0.001), and elevated values of white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils (p = 0.012 and 0.001, respectively). In binomial logistic regression, increased levels of CRP and WBC and decreased levels of sodium were predictors of complicated AA. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.825 (95% confidence interval: 0.764, 0.886). Conclusion We identified mild hyponatremia and elevated CRP and WBC values as potential markers for distinguishing complicated from uncomplicated pediatric AA with implications for surgical approaches for treating complicated AA and conservative approaches for treating uncomplicated AA.

Persistent gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), even when endoscopic remission is reached. These symptoms can have profound negative effects on the quality of life of affected patients and can be difficult to treat. They may be caused by IBD‐related complications or comorbid disorders, but they can also be explained by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)‐like symptoms.