The financial industry is experiencing a digital revolution fueled by the fourth industrial revolution. While digital tools are widely adopted, the specific impacts of digitalization and innovation on financial markets and citizens remain under-researched. This study investigates the relationship between technological progress and innovation with the development of financial markets, the Human Development Index, and the Gross Domestic Product per capita. The core question is how, and to what extent, technological advancement and innovation influence financial development and other social and financial performances per capita. The research employs regression analysis, specifically simple linear regression, and integrates existing research and theoretical frameworks to build an inductive approach. Findings indicate that a one-unit rise in technological progress is linked to a 0.5unit increase in the financial development index (p-value < 0.001). These findings suggest that financial intermediaries and decision-makers in developing countries should consider altering their business models and adapting to rapid technological changes to enhance financial development. This paper provides insights into the connection between progress in digitization and outcomes in the economy and finance, emphasizing the importance of adapting to swift technological changes for sustainable development.

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the presentation role in study selection. Presentation and promotion of studies are major issues that academic institutions focus on in order to attract students. The study included students from the University of Sarajevo’s I, II, and III cycles of tourism and environmental protection. Three kinds of reference criteria and indicators were selected: attrac­tive presentation features, promotion approach, and presentation influence on decision. The study’s findings revealed that the faculty’s official website and recommendations are the most influential marketing tools, that the presenta­tion of the study influences choice and decision-making, and that the study’s conception, the modernity of the educational infrastructure, field teaching, as well as the geographical aspect of tourism and environmental protection, are particularly appealing factors.

Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati uticaj tehnologije proizvodnje na senzorni kvalitet “Visočkog sudžuka”. Pored navedenog, cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati razlike u senzornom kvalitetu “Visočkog sudžuka” između različitih proizvođača unutar obje tehnologije proizvodnje. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da postoje statistički značajne razlike u vrijednostima ispitivanih senzornih karakteristika uzoraka „Visočkog sudžuka“ između uzoraka iz tradicionalne i industrijske proizvodnje. Također, utvrđene su i razlike unutar grupe uzoraka iz iste proizvodnje između različitih proizvođača koje su bile statistički značajne. Istraživanjem je zabilježeno očuvanje senzornog kvaliteta proizvoda korištenjem tradicionalne proizvodnje, kao i manje oscilacije u kvalitetu između proizvoda proizvedenih na isti način (tradicionalno). Najbolje ocijenjeni uzorci bili su VST 4 iz tradicionalne proizvodnje, dok je najbolje ocijenjeni uzorak iz industrijske proizvodnje bio VSI 1. Okus uzoraka iz tradicionalne proizvodnje bio je bolje ocijenjen u odnosu na uzorke iz industrijske proizvodnje, gdje je najbolji okus imao uzorak VST 4. Najlošije ocijenjeni uzorci po svim senzornim svojstvima bili su uzorak VSI 3 koji se izdvojio iz grupe industrijskih proizvoda i uzorak VST 1 iz grupe tradicionalnih proizvoda.

This paper presents only a part of the risks and harmfulness to which the employees working in Serbian MoD and especially in Technical Test Center are exposed during tests on new armaments and various other equipment under development. In addition to the results of noise and vibration measurements in the working environment at the training grounds and the airport, the risks during laboratory and experimental-exploitation tests in the field are presented. Noise and vibration as harmfulness effects were measured and evaluated according to the relevant criteria, while far more dangerous risks of working with prototypes are immeasurable, unpredictable and not included in the regulations.

The paper examines the possibilities of applying solar cooling in B&H, since the potential of solar energy is great. The goal is to reduce primary energy consumption, as well as to reduce emissions of harmful gases, primarily CO2. The feasibility of a single-stage H2O/LiBr absorption cooling device powered by heat from solar collectors for a building in Tuzla was investigated, as well as a comparison with the existing compression cooling device. A solar cooling system was selected for the calculated heat load values. A mathematical model for the absorption single-stage cooling cycle has been developed that includes mass and energy balance equations as well as heat exchange equations. The absorption system is designed for the maximum cooling load of the specified facility.

Background: RV dysfunction has been recognized as a powerful independent predictor of poor prognosis. Therefore, accurate evaluation of RV function is helpful for risk stratification in patients with HF, so as to guide clinicians to choose the best treatment and improve the prognosis of patients. Therefore, assessment of RV function is clinically important in almost all patients with heart disease. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods: We evaluated a prospective cohort of 126 patients with known or suspected HFrEF referred for echocardiographic evaluation. All underwent measurement of RV free-wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) by 2D transthoracic echocardiography. The primary study endpoint was the occurrence of death for any cause or hospitalization for heart failure. Results: From 126 eligible patients with chronic heart failure, 10 (8%) with RVFWLS not suitable for strain analysis were excluded, leaving a final study population of 116 patients. During the follow-up period of 24 months, 44 patients (38%) reached the composite end point: 18 patients died (15%), and 26 patients (22%) were hospitalized for worsening HF. Compared with patients without events, patients who reached the composite end point were older and prevalently men (P <0.05). Patients with events also showed higher LV volumes, lower LVEF%, increased left atrial volume index (LAVI), increased pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and higher prevalence of severe MR and TR than event-free patients. Diastolic RV diameter was also significantly greater in this group. In this study, we found that a RVFWLS less negative of -19.3% was associated to outcomes with 75% sensitivity and 67% specificity P < 0.001. A value of RVFWLS less than -19.3% was strongly associated to outcome with HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.487–2.7; P < 0.001. Conclusion: RV free wall longitudinal strain seems to be more sensitive and accurate for the diagnosis of RV systolic dysfunction in patients with HFrEF, therefore assessment of RV function should be implemented by analysis of RVFWLS in patients with HFrEF, to improve identification of patients who are at high risk for adverse events.

Atherosclerotic diseases are among the leading causes of mortality in the world and in our country. In the last few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of the disease. Interest in risk factors for atherosclerotic disease began at the beginning of the last century when hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperuricemia were first emphasized. In later research, the World Health Organization introduced the term metabolic syndrome (MSy). In 2001, the Expert Group for the Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Cholesterol in Adults (ATP III) provided a new definition of MSy that is considered the most widely used in clinical practice, where the presence of MSy is determined by the presence of three of the following five risk factors: abdominal obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased HDL level and hyperglycemia. This definition has undergone a whole series of corrections, of which the definition of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) should be singled out, which tightened the criteria for abdominal obesity, which became a mandatory risk factor and hyperglycemia. It is estimated that the frequency of MSy in the older population over 20 years is over 30%, and in the patients with atherosclerotic disease over 55%. In addition, healthy habits can also contribute to the risk of developing atherosclerotic diseases, primarily physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, smoking and dietary habits. Early recognition and detection of risk factors for atherosclerosis is the most important way to prevent the disease and its complications.

The acute and chronic effects of dehydration on athletes' health are well known, but it is less known about the relationship between dehydration and sports performance. There is an overall consensus in the literature that dehydration ≥ 2% body mass represents a threshold at which endurance, as aerobic performance, becomes impaired. Dehydration degrades aerobic performance by various mechanisms, such as a decrease in VO2 max, a decrease in circulatory volume and consequent decrease in cardiac stroke volume. At higher levels of dehydration, there is an increase in heart rate, body temperature, carbohydrate oxidation and muscle glycogenolysis. The effect of dehydration on anaerobic sports performance, such as muscle strength and power, is less known. The high osmotic stress that usually accompanies high levels of intracellular dehydration can modulate the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, alter the neuronal firing of osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus, and potentially affect the excitability of motor output pathways. Studies have shown that acute dehydration impairs muscle strength and endurance and increases the perception of fatigue but without changes in markers of central and peripheral neuromuscular function. In addition to the physical, dehydration also affects the mental performance of athletes. Symptoms of dehydration (dry mouth, thirst, headache, fatigue) affect the athletes' cognitive functions and their cognitive resilience. Therefore, personalized rehydration strategies play a key role in athletes' safety during sporting activities, as well as in optimizing sports performance. In this paper, the role of dehydration on physical and mental athletes' performance will be reviewed, as well as the latest recommendations for adequate rehydration.

Introduction/Objective. Diabetic retinopathy, peripheral vascular disease, and other diabetic complications may lead to a lowering of quality of life, significant comorbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to analyze the risk factors of peripheral occlusive arterial disease in patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy due to type 2 diabetes. Methods. We analyzed 63 patients having diabetic retinopathy (33 patients without and 30 patients with peripheral occlusive arterial disease). All the patients were asked for demographic data, medical history, physical findings, laboratory and vascular status. Results. Patients having confirmed peripheral occlusive arterial disease suffered from diabetes significantly longer (32.67 vs. 9.71 years, t = 12.834, p < 0.001), were more often smokers (23:13, ?2 = 8.92, p < 0.05), had ischemic heart disease significantly more frequently (24:10, ?2 = 15.643, p < 0.001), used statins more frequently (21:14; ?2 = 4.84, p < 0.05), had claudications (25:4, ?2 = 32,075, p < 0.001), depilations (30:9, ?2 = 35,240, p < 0.001), thinned atrophic foot skin (30:12, ?2 = 28.64, p < 0.01), foot ulcers (10:1, ?2 = 10.013, p < 0.01), significantly higher HbA1c values (9.31:7.17, t = 5.250, p < 0.001), as well as glycemic control (11.60:8.20, t = 4.913, p < 0.001). Conclusion. It has been shown that the duration of type 2 diabetes, smoking, poor regulation of blood glucose levels and HbA1c significantly contributes to the development of diabetic retinopathy in patients having peripheral artery occlusion.

The aim of this paper is to identify models for preventive risk recognition as tool for crine prevention in the renewable energy sector through a systematic review of the available literature. These models should represent a formalized set of steps or protocols that can be used at any stage of renewable energy projects, particularly in the construction of renewable energy power plants, to mitigate and minimize the risk of criminal offenses. Models of preventive risk recognition ensure that the power plant construction project progresses smoothly from start to finish without unnecessary financial losses due to their ability to identify all weak points in the entire process. With the help of the models described in this paper, the transition to green energy is accelerated and sustainable development is fully supported,

Here we demonstrate quasi-phase-matched up- and down-conversion in a periodically poled van der Waals semiconductor (3R-MoS2). This work opens the new and unexplored field of phase-matched nonlinear optics with microscopic van der Waals crystals.