The research was conducted in the area of Northern Serbia. The lowland hygrophilous forests of Gornji Srem where pedunculate oak is the dominant tree species were studied. In the paper was investigated the content of essential and non-essential heavy metals (Cu, Zn, As, Mn, Co, Pb, Ni, Cd) on two different soil types: hydromorphic (fluvisol) and automorphic (chernozem). Three experimental plots were analyzed on each soil type. Soil loading with heavy metals was studied by soil horizons. Based on the obtained results, it was established that the concentrations of all elements are within the allowed concentrations, except for nickel (Ni), whose values on some experimental plots and horizons exceed the maximum allowed concentrations. Content of all investigated elements are higher on fluvisol, except for As, whose amount is similar on both soil types. The obtained results indicate that the loading of heavy metals in both soil types is within the allowed limits and there is no significant negative impact on the development and production characteristics of the forest ecosystems located in researched area.

Background: Tranexamic acid can prevent death from bleeding after trauma and postpartum hemorrhage. Objective: The aim of the paper was to assess whether tranexamic acid reduces hematoma expansion and improves outcome in adults with stroke caused by intracerebral hemorrhage. Case presentation: Administration of Tranexamic acid in a patient after a diagnosis of intracerebral hematoma, which occurred after coronary stent implantation. Intracerebral hematoma, or neurological deficit, occurs one day after cardiac surgery in the patient. The case report will present the radiological resolution of the intracerebral hematoma, as well as the improvement of the clinical picture, neurological deficit, in the patient during a one-month follow-up, after the administration of Tranexamic acid. Conclusion: Tranexemic acid is affordable, easy to administer, appears to be safe, and is widely available, so even a modest treatment effect can have an important global impact, and it is necessary to consider its more frequent use, as well as to initiate larger randomized trials.

This paper aimed to examine specific factors that influence and have prognostic power on the profitability of selected insurance companies in the Republic of Serbia. Panel data were used for four insurance companies operating in the Republic of Serbia from 2013 to 2022, to estimate a linear model between the determinants that are theoretically expected to affect the performance and profitability of insurance companies. The findings of the paper revealed that company size according to all three methods (method of least squares, method of fully modified least squares, and robust method of least squares) has a significantly positive influence on the profitability of insurance companies. Also, the growth rate of the premium according to the fully modified least squares method has a positive (significant) impact on the profitability indicator, i.e. ROA. Seen from the other side, the weakest i.e., negative (significant) impact on the profitability of insurance companies in the Republic of Serbia was achieved by the independent variable expense ratio.

The aim of the study is to assess the frequency of clinical manifestations of nutritional allergies. This research was designed as a cross-sectional study conducted in the preschool institution "Dr Sima Milosevic". A specially created questionnaire for parents was used for the research. The questionnaire collected data that may have a direct or indirect significance on the occurrence of nutritional allergies. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used in statistical data processing. Of the total number of children, 41 children, or 1% of children, have nutritional allergies. The most common symptoms are related to skin changes (53.7%), changes on the lips (22%) and diarrhea (17.1%). Most children, 92.7%, do not have an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy, while 7.3% have an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy. Two children are allergic to eggs and have an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy, and one child is allergic to peanuts. Most children (11) who are allergic to milk have skin changes, i.e. atopic dermatitis, four children have changes on the lips, and four children have problems with the digestive tract, i.e. diarrhea. Three children who are allergic to wheat flour only have digestive tract symptoms, i.e. diarrhea. Early detection of nutritional allergies and preventive measures that are applied to reduce exposure to allergens by implementing an elimination diet and avoiding allergens from the environment can mitigate the consequences of nutritional allergies.

Proper nutrition is important for the healthy growth and development of preschool children. During this period, they undergo rapid physical, cognitive, and emotional changes, making it essential to provide both the necessary nutrients to support their overall development and hygienically safe foods. Maintaining high sanitary and hygienic standards in preschool food facilities requires a comprehensive approach that integrates regulatory compliance, facility design, staff training, and effective sanitation practices. By prioritizing these standards, preschools can provide a safe and healthy environment that supports the well-being and development of preschool children. Regulatory requirements form the backbone of sanitation standards in preschools. These guidelines are often established by public health authorities and childcare regulators, setting out minimum standards for cleanliness, food handling, and facility maintenance. Adherence to these regulations ensures that preschools provide a safe and healthy environment for children. Essential components include proper kitchen design, adequate ventilation, pest control measures, and accessible handwashing facilities. Assessing the effectiveness of hygiene practices in preschools involves a multi-pronged approach, including regular inspections, health monitoring, feedback collection, staff training assessments, and incident analysis. By continuously evaluating and improving hygiene practices, preschools can provide a safe and healthy environment for children.

Introduction: Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH) is a frequent phenomenon, for which no complete solution has yet been found. More than 5% of patients treated for hypertension do not achieve blood pressure control with three first-generation antihypertensive drugs. Objective: The aim of this new cohort investigation, which is an extension of the TRYCORT study, is to re-examine the efficacy and safety of additional antihypertensive therapy in a group of adult patients with TRH. Methods: The study was designed as multi-national, multi-centre, prospective cohort study, which compared effectiveness and safety of add-on treatmentsof resistant hypertension. The patients were followed-up for 6 months, and primary outcome was treatment response. Results: In total139 patients completed the study(66women and 73 men), with average age of 63.6 years. Initial add-on therapy was changed at study visits if response to treatment was inadequate. The blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg was achieved in 75% of patients with add-on spironolactone, while effectively all patients achieved drop in systolic blood pressure ≥ 10 mmHg, and drop in diastolic blood pressure ≥ 5 mmHg. Only one treatment-related adverse effect was observed (pretibial oedema in patient taking amlodipine), while serum levels of potassium remaind within the reference limits. Quality of life increased and paralleled the treatment response. Conclusion: In conclusion, spironolactone proved to be the most effective and safe add-on therapy of resistant hypertension, but it needs several months of regular intake to achieve full effect and improve quality of life. Conclusion Spironolactone proved to be the most effective and safe add-on therapy of resistant hypertension, but it needs several months of regular intake to achieve the full effect and improve quality of life.

Early orthodontic treatment is considered as treatment that begins and ends before all permanent teeth erupt, i.e. it is carried out in the period of milk and mixed dentition. Synonyms of early treatment are: preventive orthodontic treatment, interceptive orthodontic treatment or the first phase of comprehensive treatment. The aim of the work is to consider the advantages and disadvantages of early orthodontic therapy. It is necessary to carry out therapy that will lead to the desired facial aesthetics, increase the child's confidence, parents' satisfaction, enable simpler therapy in the future, a better and more stable result, enable the proper performance of orofacial functions, achieve more opportunities for skeletal growth modification and reduce potential iatrogenic damage. Based on an extensive diagnostic procedure, which includes: history, clinical examination, functional analysis, radiography and photography of the patient and analysis of study models, we come up with a therapy plan. The case report is a girl aged 9 years and 3 months. Early treatment should be carried out only in children who have a definite need for treatment. The group with a limited need should be given time for spontaneous correction.

The UV-VIS method is an effective, non-destructive method that enables a better understanding of the electrolyte during corrosion. The aim of the study presented in this paper is to determine the existence of an organometallic complex in a 0.5 M NaCl solution with the addition of Rubus fruticosus L. leaf extract (RFLE). The experiments were conducted in a 0.5 M NaCl solution with the addition of RFLE (5 g/L and 10 g/L) with and without the immersion of a copper coupon. The results show that after the copper coupon standing in the electrolyte, there is a change in the absorbance maximum in the solution with 5 g/L RFLE, while no change is observed in the solution with 10 g/L RFLE. Such a change indicates the existence of a copper-RFLE complex in the solution with lower inhibitor concentration. In the case of RFLE, forming a copper complex with caffeic acid, isoquercetin and astragalin is possible. The absence of the complex at a concentration of 10 g/L RFLE can be attributed to a change in the mechanism and the lack of copper ions in the solution due to adequate corrosion protection.

This study investigates the kinetic models of Cu²⁺ ion adsorption onto clinoptilolite-rich zeolite. The study highlights the importance of diffusion kinetic models in understanding the adsorption process. The initial phases are significantly influenced by the ion diffusion through the film to the particle surface, particularly within the first 30 minutes, which is crucial for the heterogeneous surfaces like zeolites. Following this, the surface adsorption (intraparticle diffusion) is described by the Weber-Morris model, effective primarily during the initial stage. As the process progresses beyond 20-30 minutes, the ion removal rates decrease sharply, and diffusion within the particle core becomes the dominant factor, influencing the overall reaction rate.

Rural tourism is gaining popularity due to a healthier stay in a less developed rural environment. Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina’s most popular destination strives to enhance its tourism offer by developing rural tourism in its immediate surroundings. The “green ring,” a basin rim with preserved forest ecosystems and rural villages, serves as the foundation for the rural tourism product. The paper analyses the characteristics of rural tourism in the vicinity of Sarajevo and the role of stakeholders in planning rural tourism. Fieldwork, surveys, and interviews with tourism industry representatives were conducted to determine the cohesion of joint activity and the key features of rural tourism development. Domestic tourists make up the majority of rural visitors, although tourists from the Middle East and Europe are particularly interested in rural tourism. The top motives for visiting rural areas are walking and hiking, traditional gastronomy, and escaping from everyday life. The paper clarifies the challenges and barriers to rural tourism development.

This paper investigates the impact of explanatory variables that determine the financial stability of the banking sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the possibility of controlling credit risk, which is a threat to the stability of the financial system for the period from 2009 to 2019 on a quarterly basis. Correlation and panel regression analysis are also applied in this paper. The selected independent (explanatory) variables are the growth rate of savings of the household sector, the growth rate of foreign direct investments, the growth rate of exports, the growth rate of total loans, the growth rate of non-per- forming loans, the growth rate of capital adequacy ratio, and unemployment growth rate. The GDP growth rate will be used as the dependent variable. The research results showed that the most significant impact on the GDP growth rate was recorded by the following variables: the growth rate of foreign direct investment, the growth rate of exports and the growth rate of total loans. On the other hand, the following variable recorded the most significant negative impact: the growth rate of the household sector. The study also shows that there is a positive causal relationship between the growth rate of non-performing loans and the growth rate of unemployment.

Bauxite residue, also known as red mud (RM) is waste produced during alumina production in Bayer process. It is posing a significant threat to the enivorment due to its high alklalinity, fine particle size and complex structure various compounds. This study presents a sustainable, approach to its utilization, with focus on the recovery of valuable metals such as titanium. Different decarbonizing technologies were used presented in this work: hydrogen reduction without smelting in rotary kiln, high pressure leaching in an autoclave, ultrasonic spray pirolysis and aluminothermic reduction. Firstly red mud was subjected to hydrogen reduction in order to selectively remove iron, which can be used and transfered in the steel industry. Separation of Iron and solid residue was done using magnetic property of iron and magnetite, Solid residue is further processed in acid leaching with high pressure of oxygen in an autoclave. Leaching process optimizes various process parameters to extract titanium in the form of titanium oxy sulfate as well as iron and aluminium. Additionally, aluminum and iron solutions were also obtained by this process. The remaining solid residue, primarily composed of calcium sulphate and silica, was evaluated for potential use as an adsorbent in wastewater treatment. This innovative process demonstrates an efficient method of bauxite residue utilization with near zero waste concept, offering a promising solution to both environmental and industrial challenges. The planned improvement of proposed research strategy can be reached using solvent extraction and remelting process.