Introduction: The benefit of endovascular therapy (EVT) among stroke patients with large ischemic core (ASPECTS 0–5) in the extended time window outside of trial settings remains unclear. We analyzed the effect of EVT among these stroke patients in real-world settings. Patients and methods: The CT for Late Endovascular Reperfusion (CLEAR) study recruited patients from 66 centers in 10 countries between 01/2014 and 05/2022. The extended time-window was defined as 6–24 h from last-seen-well to treatment. The primary outcome was shift of the 3-month modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. Safety outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and mortality. Outcomes were analyzed with ordinal and logistic regressions. Results: Among 5098 screened patients, 2451 were included in the analysis (median age 73, 55% women). Of patients with ASPECTS 0–5 (n = 310), receiving EVT (n = 209/310) was associated with lower 3-month mRS when compared to medical management (median 4 IQR 3–6 vs 6 IQR 4–6; aOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.7). Patients undergoing EVT had higher sICH (11.2% vs 4.0%; aOR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2–18.8) and lower mortality (31.6% vs 58.4%, aOR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2–0.9) compared to medically managed patients. The relative benefit of EVT was comparable between patients with ASPECTS 0 and 5 and 6–10 in the extended time window (interaction aOR 0.9; 95% CI 0.5–1.7). Conclusion: In the extended time window, patients with ASPECTS 0–5 may have preserved relative treatment benefit of EVT compared to patients with ASPECTS 6–10. These findings are in line with recent trials showing benefit of EVT among real-world patients with large ischemic core in the extended time window. Trial registration number: clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04096248 Graphical abstract

The aim of this paper is to investigate the quality of financial statements during the period of crisis. The crisis has a negative effect on the business performance of a company. It is necessary to measure and analyze various aspects of performance and take timely corrective actions in order to achieve business stability. Quality of financial statements can be expressed as one of the business performances. High-quality financial statements are created in an accurate, timely and reliable manner in accordance with all requirements of regulation. Professional accounting regulation determines a large number of obligatory disclosures which have a direct impact on the quality of financial statements. This paper will analyze the quality of financial statements from the aspect of disclosures according to the International Accounting Standard 2 – Inventory (IAS 2). Inventory represents significant assets for production and trade companies. Therefore, the quality of disclosures according to IAS 2 can be significant for adequate business decisions. The research is based on a sample of agricultural and manufacturing companies registered in the AP Vojvodina during the period 2020-2021. The research is based on a descriptive analysis of the quality of disclosures according to the IAS 2 and financial reporting quality index. The results indicate that 41% of the obligatory disclosures are presented in companies reports. Accounting policy for inventories and carrying amount according to inventory classification are identified as disclosures of high quality. On the other hand, disclosure of the write-down of inventories, recognized as an expense for the period is identified at the lower quality level. The research can be of interest for managers, owners, and creators of financial statements in order to improve the quality of financial reporting as a result of disruption during the period of crisis.

Global crises like pandemics and geopolitical turbulence have underscored the importance of responsible business practices and corporate transparency. In light of these circumstances, ESG reporting, which measures and expresses a company's concern for the environment, society, and transparent management, has become increasingly crucial. However, in challenging environments with limited resources, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), adopting ESG reporting can present significant barriers to the accounting profession. Therefore, this paper aims to examine accountants' readiness in BiH to adopt ESG reporting under such circumstances. To achieve this goal, we surveyed a representative sample of 290 accountants from across BiH. The survey used a Likert scale to assess accountants' knowledge of ESG standards, their willingness to adopt different reporting methods, and their expectations regarding the impact of ESG reporting on their work, responsibilities, long-term career prospects, and professional development. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, ANOVA tests and t-tests in Excel and SPSS programs. Our study provides valuable insights into the readiness of accountants for ESG reporting, the measures necessary to support its implementation, and the impact of ESG on the development of the accounting profession in BiH. The study also discusses the role accountants can play in encouraging ESG reporting and answers questions about ESG standards' challenges and how accountants can prepare for their adoption. Our results demonstrate that the majority of accountants in BiH support ESG reporting, but they lack the necessary knowledge, tools, and resources to properly implement the new requirements. Hence, we strongly recommend taking measures to improve the preparation of accountants for ESG reporting.

Our cross-sectional study demonstrates that there is a high rate of co-trimoxazole induced drug rash, in patients treated for immune related adverse events, with those developing rash appearing to have a reduced survival.

BACKGROUND: Acute ischemic stroke with isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion (iPCAO) lacks management evidence from randomized trials. We aimed to evaluate whether the association between endovascular treatment (EVT) and outcomes in iPCAO acute ischemic stroke is modified by initial stroke severity (baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS]) and arterial occlusion site. METHODS: Based on the multicenter, retrospective, case-control study of consecutive iPCAO acute ischemic stroke patients (PLATO study [Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion Stroke]), we assessed the heterogeneity of EVT outcomes compared with medical management (MM) for iPCAO, according to baseline NIHSS score (≤6 versus >6) and occlusion site (P1 versus P2), using multivariable regression modeling with interaction terms. The primary outcome was the favorable shift of 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Secondary outcomes included excellent outcome (mRS score 0–1), functional independence (mRS score 0–2), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality. RESULTS: From 1344 patients assessed for eligibility, 1059 were included (median age, 74 years; 43.7% women; 41.3% had intravenous thrombolysis): 364 receiving EVT and 695 receiving MM. Baseline stroke severity did not modify the association of EVT with 3-month mRS distribution (Pinteraction=0.312) but did with functional independence (Pinteraction=0.010), with a similar trend on excellent outcome (Pinteraction=0.069). EVT was associated with more favorable outcomes than MM in patients with baseline NIHSS score >6 (mRS score 0–1, 30.6% versus 17.7%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.01 [95% CI, 1.22–3.31]; mRS score 0 to 2, 46.1% versus 31.9%; aOR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.08–2.51]) but not in those with NIHSS score ≤6 (mRS score 0–1, 43.8% versus 46.3%; aOR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.49–1.64]; mRS score 0–2, 65.3% versus 74.3%; aOR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.30–1.0]). EVT was associated with more symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage regardless of baseline NIHSS score (Pinteraction=0.467), while the mortality increase was more pronounced in patients with NIHSS score ≤6 (Pinteraction=0.044; NIHSS score ≤6: aOR, 7.95 [95% CI, 3.11–20.28]; NIHSS score >6: aOR, 1.98 [95% CI, 1.08–3.65]). Arterial occlusion site did not modify the association of EVT with outcomes compared with MM. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline clinical stroke severity, rather than the occlusion site, may be an important modifier of the association between EVT and outcomes in iPCAO. Only severely affected patients with iPCAO (NIHSS score >6) had more favorable disability outcomes with EVT than MM, despite increased mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.

Red clover is an important forage plant species for the production of fodder, primarily in mountain areas and soils of poorer quality. Low pH reaction of the soil and poor supply of phosphorus are limiting factors for the cultivation of most plant species on soils with such chemical characteristics. The aim of these investigations was to determine the productivity and variation in the height of the plant, the yield of green mass and the yield of hay of red clover grown on acidic soil, in order to find out which varieties give the highest yields of green mass and hay, and for the purpose of their greater use in production. The research was carried out by analyzing five varieties of red clover in two cuts in each of the two years in the BDS area of the city of Banja Luka. A large part of the soil of Republic of Srpska has an acidic reaction and also mostly has a low level of phosphorus. The selection of the best varieties of red clover for production on such soils will enable obtaining satisfactory forage yields. For the examined parameters, statistically significant differences were obtained between swaths and varieties. The highest average values of plant height, yield of green mass and hay were obtained in the first cutting of the second year. The lowest average yields were achieved by the variety Viola. The highest average height was of the variety Una, the highest yield of green mass was of the variety K-39, and the hay of variety Kolubara. Based on the obtained results, varieties K-39, Kolubara and Una can be recommended for growing on acidic soil.

Winter wheat is the most important winter crop in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as in the region. The yield of winter wheat varies depending on the variety and agroecological growing conditions. For sowing wheat, the sowing rate is 250-300 kg ha-1. About 50,000 ha are sown annually in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which requires about 15,000 tons of seeds. From this quantity, about 10% of needs are met from own production, and the rest of the seeds are imported. This paper analyzes the production of seed wheat at one of the largest domestic producers of wheat seeds. The paper presents data on seed production in two years, at three locations with four genotypes. The obtained results show that superior yields can be achieved using appropriate agricultural techniques and an assortment with good genetic predispositions. Due to the specificity of climatic and edaphic factors, good results are also achieved when growing specific genotypes with increased protein and gluten content. Statistically highly significant (p˂0.01) positive correlations were found between protein content and gluten content (0.98**). Highly significant correlations were found between hectolith mass and protein content (0.60**) and gluten (0.56**). The goal of the work is to increase the domestic production of seed wheat, as well as to carry out rezoning of the sowing of the appropriate assortment based on the analysis.

This study investigates the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in sheep and examines the seasonal impact on Q fever distribution. A total of 253 blood samples from sheep in Bosnia and Herzegovina during summer and winter were used, and, the research employed ELISA testing for antibody detection. Findings revealed a significant seasonal variation in seroprevalence, with 41 positive cases identified: 37 in winter and 4 in summer, indicating a higher infection rate during colder months. Statistical analysis suggests a significant association (p<0.05) between season and infection rates; winter conditions, increased indoor density, and lambing activities may elevate transmission risks. These results underscore the importance of considering seasonal factors in Q fever management and surveillance in sheep, contributing to a better understanding of its epidemiology and informing public health strategies. The study highlights the need for further systemic-epidemiological research across different geographies and management practices to elucidate the full impact of seasonality on Q fever prevalence.

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) of torispherical vessel heads causes hardening of surface layers. The strengthening of the material can cause formation of initial cracks, and in combination with welding and residual stresses can cause the appearance of brittle fracture. The focus of the research is the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in the welded joint. Post weld heat treatment can reduce but also increase negative effects, as is the subject of analysis in this paper. Experimental research was carried out on a sheet of high-quality steel grade P355NL2+H. Research included determining actual mechanical properties of the welded joint, impact energy testing, hardness testing, measurement of residual stresses, as well as fracture mechanics tests on samples taken from the welded joint zone of finally formed vessel heads. An integrity assessment procedure was carried out for the assumed values of internal pressure and for a hypothetical crack on the outer contour of the vessel head, and the results are presented graphically (failure assessment diagram). Analyses were carried out on samples taken from finished vessel heads, before and after normalisation.

Paediatric and geriatric populations, as well as other special patient populations with swallowing problems, require patient-tai-lored dosage forms. One promising dosage form for these specific populations is orodispersible films. When preparing orodispersible films using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the film-forming polymer and glycerine as the plasticizer, it is essential to determine the optimal mixing time and mixing speed of the casting solution to achieve the desired transparency/opacity of the orodispersible films. In this paper, the primary focus is on mixing time and mixing speed, and determining how these two parameters can influence optical characteristics. All tested parameters are supported by FTIR anal - ysis. The obtained results show that either a mixing speed of 7000 rpm on a high-shear mixer for 15 min or a mixing speed of 9000 rpm for 5 min can produce films with optimal optical characteristics.

Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) stands as a pivotal tree species in Bosnia and Herzegovina, holding paramount ecological, economic, and sociological significance. Its role is fundamental in the context of uneven-aged forest management, a prevailing practice in the region. Contributing not only to biodiversity but crucially to the stability of our ecosystems, silver fir faces a discernible decline in recent times, attributed to the intricate interplay of abiotic and biotic factors. Among abiotic factors, the foremost influences include wind and fire, while within the realm of biotic factors, notable contributors to the decline encompass mistletoe, rot fungi, cancer, witches' brooms on fir, bark beetles, and fir moth miner. The silver fir exhibits remarkable responsiveness to increased light inflows, emphasizing the imperative to establish favorable conditions for its sustained growth and development throughout its life cycle. This collective understanding underscores the importance of addressing both abiotic and biotic factors to ensure the continued vitality of the silver fir in the unique ecosystems of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Use of composite materials has seen significant growth, especially in the manufacture of lightweight structures and biomedical applications. One type of composite material is made up of polymer materials reinforced with glass fibres. PA6-GF reinforced with 25 % chopped glass fibres is a representative of this composite material group. The manufacturer recommends annealing as a heat treatment process after production. However, annealing requires additional equipment and time. This paper seeks to investigate the effect of non-annealed PA6 GF on the Charpy impact properties. Samples for Charpy impact property tests are defined according to BAS EN ISO 179-2:2021. The test specimens were printed on the FlashForge Creator 3 PRO printer, and the testing was performed on the AMSLER RPK300 device.

The choices made by autonomous robots in social settings bear consequences for humans and their presumptions of robot behavior. Explanations can serve to alleviate detrimental impacts on humans and amplify their comprehension of robot decisions. We model the process of explanation generation for robot navigation as an automated planning problem considering different possible explanation attributes. Our visual and textual explanations of a robot’s navigation are influenced by the robot’s personality. Moreover, they account for different contextual, environmental, and spatial characteristics. We present the results of a user study demonstrating that users are more satisfied with multimodal than unimodal explanations. Additionally, our findings reveal low user satisfaction with explanations of a robot with extreme personality traits. In conclusion, we deliberate on potential future research directions and the associated constraints. Our work advocates for fostering socially adept and safe autonomous robot navigation.