Usprkos ubrzanu razvoju novih tehnologija i novih medija u društvu, ne postoji dovoljno jasna rasprava o pitanjima vezanim za medijsku pismenost. Novo medijsko okruženje u kojem su recipijenti sve aktivniji i u kojem posvećuju više vremena medijskim sadržajima, zahtijeva kvalitetan i odgovoran pristup medijskom obrazovanju, posebno djece i mladih. U području medijskoga obrazovanja ne postoji sustavan pristup podizanju razine medijske pismenosti kod djece. To je sustavan, interdisciplinaran i dugotrajan proces promjene. Medijska pismenost podrazumijeva posjedovanje određenih znanja i kreiranje kritičkoga pristupa. Razvijanje kritičkoga diskursa i stjecanje kompetencija ključan je cilj i interes medijskoga opismenjavanja. Ključne riječi: medijska pismenost, kompetencija, medijski odgoj, časopisi za djecu i mlade, kritički diskurs
INTRODUCTION Food-borne infections and intoxications remain one of the most important public health issues globally, both in developing and in developed countries. Numbers of reported outbreaks of food-borne diseases and diseased people are constantly growing. For instance, a total of 320,000 of cases of food-borne diseases, caused by only 6 most prevalent bacterial pathogens (non-typhoidal Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica and Brucella melitensis) was reported in the EU in 2011, but it has been estimated that the actual number of cases is Prevalence of Campylobacter contamination in broiler meat
The prospective study, which took place from February 2011 to March 2014, included respondents who were sent for computerized dermoscopy because of non-melanocytic skin tumours. Respondents were divided into 2 groups. The first one, group A (45 respondents), consisted of respondents who had expressed concern about the observed changes in the skin and the desire for examination. The second one, group B (50 respondents) were respondents that did not come for examination due to changes on the skin, but for other reasons, so they had indirectly detected suspicious skin lesions. The aim of this study is to analyse the importance of early suspicion of non-melanocytic malignant skin tumours by specialists in primary and secondary health care. Parameters for comparison were respondents' subjective attitude of non-pigment skin lesions and dermoscopy and/or PH findings. It has been shown that changes in the skin that bleed are sometimes highly suspect of NMSC because group A had 5 such cases and NMSC was detected in 4 cases, and group B had 7 respondents with haemorrhage and there were 4 with NMSC. In group B, out of 12 respondents who said that they had found suspicious skin lesions caused by trauma, there were 8 NMSC, while in group A there were 3 cases, which is a statistically significant difference. In group B, out of 16 respondents who claimed that they had had suspicious skin changes dormant for years, NMSC has been proven in 3 cases, and in group A there was not NMSC which is also a statistically significant difference. It was confirmed that the claims of the respondents are unreliable and that all patients should be addressed to computer dermoscopy, in patients with visible changes that arise even a slightest suspicion of NMSC.
The prospective study, which lasted from February 2011 to March 2014, included respondents who were referred to computerized dermoscopy due to melanocytic skin tumours. The respondents were divided into 2 groups. The first one, group A, (38 respondents) consisted of respondents who had personally expressed concern about the existing pigment changes on the skin and had desire for examination. The second one, group B, (40 respondents) consisted of respondents that did not come for examination due to changes on the skin, but for other reasons, but suspicious skin lesions were indirectly detected. The aim of this study was to analyse the importance of early suspicion of melanocytic malignant skin tumours by specialists of primary and secondary health care Parameters for comparing the results were respondents' subjective attitude to pigmented skin changes, as well as dermoscopy and / or PH finding. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of respondents' attitudes to pigmented skin lesions, i.e. fear of skin changes, the belief that moles should not be touched (operated on), or that pigment changes that they have since birth are not dangerous. Early suspicion of melanoma in Group B resulted in detection of 4 nodular melanoma and 3 superficial spreading melanoma, while in group A there were no malignant skin lesions, which is a statistically highly significant difference. It was confirmed that early suspected melanoma and referring patients to dermoscopic examination had advantages as working principle in any clinic or any specialty.
Demencija je progresivna bolest koja dovodi do gubitka mentalnih sposobnosti, što rezultira promjenom memorije, te gubitka socijalnih sposobnosti. Demencija nastaje zbog stanja koja izazivaju promjenu mišljenja, pamćenje, zaključivanje i govor. Demencija je postala sve učestalija, a može se otkriti već u srednjim godinama iako je u starosti mnogo češća. Pozitivna veza između ishrane i nastanka mentalnih poremećaja ogleda se i u jakoj korelaciji između unosa rafinisanog šećera i smanjenja stava svijesti oboljelih od šizofrenije i nastanka depresije. Mentalne promjene u toku starenja i postepeno odvajanje od aktivnog društvenog života, obično se emotivno odražavaju u prvoj fazi starenja bjekstvom u hranu, a u drugoj fazi poslije 75. godine apatijom, kada i hrana gubi svoju privlačnost. Demencije predstavljaju jedan od najznačajnijih savremenih javnozdravstvenih problema. Dugotrajan nutritivni deficit u ishrani povezuje se sa depresivnim raspoloženjem, anksioznošću i kongnitivnim propadanjem.
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