Cutting processes, in general, and wood cutting processes in particular, are complex to explain and describe, depending on a number of influencing factors such as material characteristics, cutting tool geometry and cutting parameters. A thorough understanding of the characteristics of woodworking machining, such as cutting tool wear, cutting forces, energy consumption, and cutting tool stress, gives the opportunity to improve product quality, increase production efficiency, or improve the technological process. In this paper, some characteristic parameters of processing in flat, extensive milling of solid wood of different species are analysed in order to determine the significance of the selected parameters, as well as their mutual influences on the required cutting power.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of combining a low-glycemic index carbohydrate diet with structured strength training on the morphological characteristics of recreational participants. The sample included 16 subjects (8 men and 8 women), aged 19 to 50. The program lasted an average of 87.56 days. Participants followed a low-glycemic dietary regimen six days per week, with a free-choice diet on the seventh day. Strength training was conducted five times per week in the afternoon and consisted of a warm-up, main workout, and cooldown. Morphological measurements were performed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (Tanita BC-587) and a standard tailor's measuring tape. The results showed statistically significant improvements (p < .05) in all monitored parameters, including reductions in body weight, body fat percentage, circumferences, and metabolic age, as well as an increase in total body water. Sex-based analysis revealed that, aside from differences in height and metabolic rate (favoring males), there were no statistically significant differences in progress, suggesting similar program effectiveness across genders. The combination of a low-glycemic index diet and structured strength training can produce significant improvements in body composition among recreational exercisers, regardless of sex.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century. The number of cases has been on the rise for many years, reaching a pandemic scale. The purpose of this study was to examine the risk factors relevant for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was conducted at the Dorćol Primary Healthcare Facility within the Medigroup Healthcare system, with persons who had come in for preventive medical examinations over a period of six months. The study included 150 participants. Data on sex, age, arterial hypertension and pharmacotherapy were collected, and weight, height and glycaemia were measured. The Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire was used as the research instrument, in line with the recommendations of the National Guide for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes for primary care physicians (FINDRISC). The data were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software package. A higher risk for developing diabetes was observed in participants reporting irregular consumption of fruits and vegetables (38.0%), physical inactivity (34.0%), and in those with abdominal obesity (32.0%) and a positive family history of diabetes (17.3%). A timely intervention aimed at modifiable risk factors, primarily lifestyle interventions, can prevent type 2 diabetes and mitigate complications.

Background/Aim: To evaluate the effect of curing light parameters (intensity, duration, and distance of curing tip) on the depth of cure of conventional resin-based composite. Material and methods: Cylindrical specimens made of nanohybride resin-based composite are cured with 12 different curing protocols, combined with 3 different light intensities (300, 650, and 1100 mW/cm²), 2 distances of curing tip (0 and 8 mm), and 2 exposure times (20 and 40 seconds). The specimens were measured after scraping the uncured composite material according to the ISO 4049 standard. The depth of cure was calculated by dividing the length of the remaining composite by 2. Data were analyzed using: Levene's test and Multivariate Analysis-of-variance (MANOVA). The level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: The highest depth of cure (3.332 mm) was observed for curing protocol 1100mW/cm²/0mm/40s. The lowest depth of cure had specimens cured with curing protocol 300 mW/cm²/8mm/20s (2.034mm). MANOVA showed a significant influence of the distance of the curing tip (P=0.014; P=0.001) regardless of light intensity and duration of exposure time. Exposure time was a significant factor (P=0.009) when cured from different distances. Although higher light intensity produced a higher depth of cure, light intensity was not a significant factor. Conclusions: The depth of cure can be increased by reducing the distance of the curing tip, when it is possible. At a distance of 8 mm, the depth of cure can be increased by a longer exposure time, regardless of curing light intensity.

Background: Different research studies show that people who exercise regularly have higher levels of body water due to predominance of lean muscle tissue instead of adipose tissue. Sedentary lifestyle leads to increase in the body fat mass and decrease in the percentage of body water. The aim of the study was to explore the effects of regular recreative physical exercise on the body water levels and muscle. Methods and Objectives: Study included 50 subjects of both genders aged 18 to 55 years, who engaged in recreational physical exercise. All subjects were measured at baseline, before they started to exercise and after period of three months. Body composition was analyzed by Bioelectrical impedance. All subjects exercised three times a week for 75 minutes. Exercise plan consisted of combined anaerobic training for 45 minutes and aerobic training for 30 minutes. Dietary advice was not provided for participants. Descriptive and analytical statistics methods were used in statistical data processing. Statistical data processing was done in the SPSS Windows version 25 software package. Results: After three months, the percentage of body water was increased by 1.95% (p<0.001) and it was statistically significant in both sexes (p<0.001). At the end of the study, muscle mass values were higher by 0.62 kg (p=0.034). In relation to gender, a statistically significant difference was found between two measurements in women (p=0.025), while in men this difference was not significant (p=0.194). Conclusions: Results show that regular physical activity has a favorable effect on the level of body water and muscle mass, that leads to better cardiovascular outcomes.

Background: In the last few decades, along with the lifestyle changes and the development of diagnostic procedures, food allergies have become a serious public health problem. In addition to health problems, they also lead to deterioration of the quality of life of both patients and their families. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of clinical manifestations in preschoolers suffering from food allergies Methods and Objectives: Cross-sectional study was performed in kindergarten "Dr Simo Milošević" Total number of children aged 2-6 years included in the study was 4123. Data on the type of food allergy and clinical manifestations were used. Symptoms were divided according to respiratory symptoms, contact allergies, allergies on the skin, lips, and gastrointestinal, diarrhea Study instrument was questionnaire for parents. Descriptive and analytical statistics methods were used in statistical data processing. Statistical data processing was done in the SPSS Windows version 25 software package. Results: Out of the total number of children who participated in the research, 41 had a food allergy. Out of the total number of children with allergies, most of the symptoms were related to changes in the skin, 53.7%, followed by changes in the lips, 22%, and diarrhea, 17.1%. Only 7.3% of children with food allergies had an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy. Conclusions: The obtained data show a high frequency of clinical manifestations of food allergies, indicating the importance of early detection of food allergies.

Proper nutrition is important for the healthy growth and development of preschool children. During this period, they undergo rapid physical, cognitive, and emotional changes, making it essential to provide both the necessary nutrients to support their overall development and hygienically safe foods. Maintaining high sanitary and hygienic standards in preschool food facilities requires a comprehensive approach that integrates regulatory compliance, facility design, staff training, and effective sanitation practices. By prioritizing these standards, preschools can provide a safe and healthy environment that supports the well-being and development of preschool children. Regulatory requirements form the backbone of sanitation standards in preschools. These guidelines are often established by public health authorities and childcare regulators, setting out minimum standards for cleanliness, food handling, and facility maintenance. Adherence to these regulations ensures that preschools provide a safe and healthy environment for children. Essential components include proper kitchen design, adequate ventilation, pest control measures, and accessible handwashing facilities. Assessing the effectiveness of hygiene practices in preschools involves a multi-pronged approach, including regular inspections, health monitoring, feedback collection, staff training assessments, and incident analysis. By continuously evaluating and improving hygiene practices, preschools can provide a safe and healthy environment for children.

The aim of the study is to assess the frequency of clinical manifestations of nutritional allergies. This research was designed as a cross-sectional study conducted in the preschool institution "Dr Sima Milosevic". A specially created questionnaire for parents was used for the research. The questionnaire collected data that may have a direct or indirect significance on the occurrence of nutritional allergies. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used in statistical data processing. Of the total number of children, 41 children, or 1% of children, have nutritional allergies. The most common symptoms are related to skin changes (53.7%), changes on the lips (22%) and diarrhea (17.1%). Most children, 92.7%, do not have an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy, while 7.3% have an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy. Two children are allergic to eggs and have an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy, and one child is allergic to peanuts. Most children (11) who are allergic to milk have skin changes, i.e. atopic dermatitis, four children have changes on the lips, and four children have problems with the digestive tract, i.e. diarrhea. Three children who are allergic to wheat flour only have digestive tract symptoms, i.e. diarrhea. Early detection of nutritional allergies and preventive measures that are applied to reduce exposure to allergens by implementing an elimination diet and avoiding allergens from the environment can mitigate the consequences of nutritional allergies.

Paper presents comparative analysis of experimental and analytical results of mechanical properties on truss members. Deformations are experimentally determined on the model of plexiglass truss, using six strain gauges. Strain gauges are measuring the deformation of truss members at the pre-defined measuring points. Knowing modulus of the elasticity and Hooke’s law, it is possible to calculate the stress values. The experimental stress values will be compared with the values obtained by the software and the results will be analyzed.

We consider the machinability of the material as a technological feature that expresses the ability of the material to remove the maximum number of shavings from its machined surface in the minimum time with satisfactory processing quality, with as little cutting force as possible and as little tool wear as possible. The aim of the experimental research in this work is to examine the significance of the influential kinematic parameters of the roughness of the machined surface, i.e. of wood density (ρ), feeding speed (s’) and the number of spiral cutting knices (z) in the process of planning massive wood on the roughness of the newly created processing surface, which will vary in 14 trials, of which 6 are repetitions in the central point of the compositional plan, where the roughness parameter Ra is obtained as an output value, and the analysis of experimental data from the point of view of possible achievement of a better quality of the processed surface. The obtained mathematical model is essentially applicable and can be used to optimize the machinability parameters in the planning process of solid wood, and the experimental results can be used in further research into other parameters of the machinability of solid wood in the planning process.