Genetics, as a science of the future, is very important part of Biology teaching. Within educational system in Bosnia and Herzegovina it is studied in limited number of clasess with a minimum of practical excercises, in both elementary and secondary schools. Limited understanding of scientific facts result in prejudices or uninformed attitudes towards novel biotechnologies that are largely based on non-reviewed and non-scientific information often incorrectly or inadequately presented in mass-media. Purpose of this research was to estimate the level of knowledge about selected topics in genetics among high school students in three Mostar high school institutions and differences in the level of knowledge between students from different high school programs – grammar school and vocational medical school. The research was conducted in 2017 among students of fourth grade of three high school institutions: ''Grammar School Mostar'', ''Medical high school Mostar'' and Medical high school ''Sestre milosrdnice''. Notable differences in knowledge level between two vocational programs are observed as well as variance in learning outcomes of the same program presented in two formal languages in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Conventional screening and diagnostic procedures in prostate complaints rely on PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) concentration which is not specific for prostate cancer and frequently leads to unnecessary invasive procedures in order to exclude malignant disease. It is estimated that approximately 50% of persons who underwent tissue biopsy did so based on false positive PSA value. Therefore a proper and timely differential diagnosis of malignant disease using non-invasive techniques remains one of the biggest challenges in medicine. Urine is the invaluable source of biological information contained in small molecules i.e. RNA that is easily accessible and detectable using molecular genetics techniques. We describe economical and fast method for relative expression analysis applicable to any target gene using urine as a sample. Efficient non-invasive method for identification of malignant or high risk cases prove useful in reduction of patient distress during the diagnostic procedure and significantly reduce healthcare costs.

O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar e caracterizar as práticas de lazer durante a maturidade de idosas. Utilizou-se à abordagem qualitativa, com opção metodológica pela História de Vida. A população participante da pesquisa foi de 9 (nove) idosas com idade acima de 80 (oitenta) anos, participantes do grupo de convivência “Pioneiras de Rondônia". Realizaram-se entrevistas do tipo aberta; e para  registro, o recurso de gravação. Para identificar as depoentes, lhes foram atribuídos nomes indígenas. As práticas de lazer das idosas durante a maturidade eram bastante limitadas. Esta restrição, por um lado, se devia a precariedade na infraestrutura destinada ao lazer na cidade de Porto Velho que oferecia escassez em quantidade e qualidade. O  baixo poder aquisitivo e a dedicação de grande parte do tempo ao trabalho dentro e fora do lar, eram fatores  em: se aproximam.adas..ho].ida s prpouca ou nenhuma importt . dadefaotoreso; e por outro lado  que também limitavam o  lazer.

Codon usage is considered as a modulator of gene expression, due to high correlation between codon usage, tRNA abundance and the level of gene expression. Adaptability is primarily manifested at gene level therefore mtDNA gene expression analysis may indicate trends toward the development of adaptive traits for specific environmental conditions. Moreover, modified gene expression patterns may result from such adaptations. Due to their sensitivity to environmental disturbances, great functional importance and accessibility ants (Family: Formicidae Latreille, 1802) are excellent model organisms for  molecular and bioinformatics genome analysis. This in silico simulation is based on the comparison of codon usage bias and the level of gene expression of currently available mitochondrial protein-coding genes of ant species that were sampled at quarry Ribnica (Kakanj, Bosnia and Herzegovina). MILC and MELP algorithms were used forcodon usage bias analysis and mitochondrial gene expression prediction, respectively. The analysis included four mtDNA protein-coding genes from eight selected species of ants totaling in 32 protein sequences. The results of codon usage analysis indicated no statistically significant differences in codon usage bias, as well as relative frequencies of the gene expression level.  The next step should be directed to molecular ecology studies, even using whole genome measures of gene expression (RNA-seq; transcriptomics) to capture molecular response to environmental challenges.

Abstract Purpose Recently, authors have determined varieties in the development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) within Europe. This chapter examines similarities and differences in sustainability and related CSR developments in two contrasting European countries, namely Germany (industrialized society) and Croatia (transitional society). It has been argued that sustainable development is an industrial phenomenon common among Western European countries and the USA, often marked as post-industrial societies, and usually not observed in post-socialist and transitional societies which are confronted with an inner need for economic, political, and overall (re)structuring. Concerning differences within Europe, the concept of sustainable development in general and CSR concepts, in particular, have been described in the literature as less advanced in Eastern European countries than in Western European countries. Taking into account socio-cultural influences on the way CSR is understood and practiced, this study discusses this assumption and also addresses the question whether CSR is differently developed and not implicitly less developed. Design/methodology/approach As an illustrative example, a small empirical study was conducted to examine whether consumers in Croatia are actually less prepared for CSR, and, on the other hand, whether they just focus on different dimensions of CSR than consumers in Germany. In more detail, it examined differences in participants’ attitudes, social norms, and perceived level of control with regard to sustainable fashion consumption between German and Croatian consumers. Findings The study’s findings support the assumption of previous studies that consumers’ lack of interest in CSR and knowledge deficits in this regard are likely to be a barrier for CSR development in Croatia. Yet, it also illustrates that the CSR development in Eastern European countries should not automatically be seen as less advanced but in some parts just as different. Findings from the study on differences with regard to the importance of different sustainability dimensions, namely the social and environmental dimension of CSR, support the assumption that the way CSR is understood and practiced differs due to socio-cultural differences. Research limitations/implications As the understanding and development of CSR seem to depend on the socio-cultural context, further research is needed to examine which concepts are present in Croatia concerning sustainability and CSR. Practical implications The findings provide information on the current status of CSR development and sustainable development in two differently governed nations of the EU, namely Germany and Croatia. Resulting practical implications for CSR strategies of companies and interventions to support CSR development and sustainable consumption patterns in both countries are discussed. Originality/value Comparative CSR studies, especially within Europe, are in general rare and in particular, this study is one of a so far very limited number of studies on CSR in Eastern Europe.

A matching M in a graph G is maximal if no other matching of G has M as a proper subset. The saturation number of G is the cardinality of any smallest maximal matching in G . In this paper we investigate saturation number for several classes of square and hexagonal lattice animals.

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) designates the interconnection of communication-enabled medical-grade devices and their integration to wider-scale health networks in order to improve patients’ health. However, because of the critical nature of health-related systems, the IoMT still faces numerous challenges, more particularly in terms of reliability, safety, and security. In this paper, we present a comprehensive literature review of recent contributions focused on improving the IoMT through the use of formal methodologies provided by the cyber-physical systems community. We describe the practical application of the democratization of medical devices for both patients and health-care providers. We also identify unexplored research directions and potential trends to solve uncharted research problems.