Introduction: Between 30 to 59% of patients with migraine without aura are undiagnosed and improperly treated, because primary care physicians are either too busy or unfamiliar with criteria for diagnosing migraine. Aim: The aim of our study was to translate the Migraine Screen Questionnaire (MS-Q) to BHS (Bosnian/Croatian /Serbian) language and to test reliability and validity of the translation on a sample of primary care patients. Material and Methods: The study was designed as cross-sectional, multi centric, diagnostic accuracy trial of an instrument for screening patients who visit general practitioners, with an aim to reveal migraine without aura. The instrument was the MS-Q, originally written in English and validated in Spanish population, and in this study being translated to BHS language. Results: Translation of the MS-Q to BHS language showed good diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 80.0% and specificity 87.2%) and reliability (Cohen kappa 0.648) for migraine without aura, with significant screening yield among previously undiagnosed patients of 72.7%. The study also confirmed high percentage of patients with hidden MWA (52.9%) revealed by the MS-Q and ICH criteria that would otherwise remain undiagnosed. Conclusion: The MS-Q translation to BHS language could be considered as valid and reliable clinical instrument for revealing migraine without aura, similar by its performance to original questionnaire. It has considerable screening yield, discovering majority of patients with previously undiagnosed migraine without aura, whose definite diagnosis should later on be confirmed by the attending physicians using the ICH criteria.

Abstract Potentilla reptans is a little studied plant of the genus Potentilla, the family Rosaceae. The aim of this study is to determine antimicrobial effects of aqueous extracts of P. reptans aerial part and rhizome against standardized bacterial strains. The antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts of P. reptans aerial part and rhizome was tested against one fungus, Candida albicans, and two standard bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, using an agar diffusion method. Both examined extracts showed a significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at the concentrations of 10 to 150 mg/ml. The rhizome extract showed stronger antimicrobial effect against the tested strains of bacteria than the aerial part extract. The obtained results represent preliminary results of antimicrobial activity of this plant and suggest that in future, the studies should examine antimicrobial activity against other bacterial strains and minimum inhibitory concentration.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents one of the most common cancers. It is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages, indicating on need for new diagnostic markers. The aim of this study was to determine systemic and fecal values of IL-17 and IL-33 in patients with CRC and the relationship with clinicopathological aspects of disease. The blood samples and feces liquid fraction of 50 patients with CRC were analyzed. Serum and fecal levels of IL-33 and IL-17 were measured using sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Fecal levels of Il-33 and IL-17 were increased in CRC patients with poor tumor tissue differentiation. Serum IL-33 and fecal IL-17 were increased in patients with presence of lung/liver metastasis or peritoneal carcinomatosis, respectively, while enhanced fecal IL-33 was detected only in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Positive correlation between IL-33 and IL-17 values in sera and feces, respectively was also observed. We believe that increased local values of IL-33 and IL-17, reflected trough higher fecal concentration, in CRC patients with poor tumor tissue differentiation and with presence of lung/liver metastasis or peritoneal carcinomatosis may be considered as a sign of the tumor’s malignant progression and, consequently, of a poor prognosis for patients.

Introduction: Plasmapheresis is often used as a therapy in the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). TTP is manifested in thrombotic microangiopathy, consumed thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and acute kidney injury with HUS development, neurologic dysfunction, and fever. Case report: we will present a case of a patient with acute kidney injury and refractory TTP at the beginning of hospitalization, subsequently manifested in secondary nephrotic syndrome. The patient was a female, 39 years of age, who as an emergency case was referred from the hospital in East Sarajevo to the Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Disorders of the Clinical Center University of Sarajevo with suspected TTP. A few days before hospitalization she had a fever and vomiting, and therefore consulted her physician. She was hospitalized due to severe general condition, generalized edema, visible body hematomas, and diuresis amounting to 600 ml/12 hours. Laboratory results on admission were as follows: Leukocytes 19.5, Erythrocytes 3.23, Hemoglobin 103, Hematocrit 28.8%, Platelets 65.4 with few schistocytes and 2 reticulocytes, Sodium 140 mmol/L,, Potassium 4.5 mmol/L, Calcium 1.90 mmol/L, Glucose 7.9 mmol/L, Urea 37.5 mmol/L, Creatinine 366 umol/L,, Bilirubin 19.0 umol/L, Lactate dehydrogenase 1194 U /L. The patient was communicative, in cardiopulmonary sufficient state. Central venous catheter was placed in the right jugular vein and the first plasmapheresis was performed. During the hospitalization 38 plasmapheresis treatments with frozen plasma were performed, followed by three Rituximab treatment cycles. After the last plasmapheresis treatment a platelet count was 138. Also, parameters of the renal function were in their referent values. At the beginning of the treatment proteinuria was 19.6 g/24 hours urine. We were faced with a dilemma whether renal biopsy should be repeated in the future given that it might be the case of primary and not secondary nephrotic syndrome. Controlled proteinuria was 4.7g after plasmapheresis. The patient used only Prednisolone at a dose of 10 mg daily and although initially diagnosed with acute kidney injury she was not treated with dialysis. Conclusion: early diagnosis and early start of plasmapheresis therapy is vital for treatment of patients with acute kidney injury and TTP (HUS). A small number of patients is refractory to plasmapheresis and introducing Rituximab and plasmapheresis treatment is recommended.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in the world. At the end stage of the disease, usually when patients cannot handle the pain anymore, the knee replacement surgery is the most common and effective treatment to reduce pain and improve functionality. The effect of preoperative exercise (prehabilitation) for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial. Aim: To investigate the effect of prehabilitation on postoperative outcome and compare the results of the intervention with the control group. Material and Methods: This prospective study included 20 patients with a diagnosis of gonarthrosis, aged 48-70, who were randomly allocated to either the intervention group or control. Ten patients (intervention group) underwent a 6-week home-based exercise program before the TKA surgery. All patients were assessed by Knee Score (KS), Function Score (FS), and Body Mass Index (BMI) according to the following schedule: 6 weeks before surgery (for intervention group it meant before the prehabilitation program), just prior to surgery (for intervention group it meant after the prehabilitation program), after the surgery, at 3rd month, 6th month, and 12th month postoperatively. They were all operated by the same surgeon, for the primary total knee replacement (Zimmer NexGen Complete Knee Solution) at the Clinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, from October 2016 to June 2017. Results: There is statistically significant difference for Knee and Function Score between the intervention and control group in testing time: just before surgery–meaning that KS and FS increased after the prehabilitation program. Knee Score was significantly different between the two observed groups postoperatively, 3 months postoperatively and 6 months postoperatively, while the Function Score was not significantly different in that period. Prehabilitation program provides better preoperative KS and FS, and better KS up to 6 months postoperatively. However, 12 months postoperatively there was no significant difference between the intervention and control group for the Knee and Function Score. Conclusion: Prehabilitation brings significant difference regarding the Knee Score in favor of the intervention group preoperatively and up to 6 months postoperatively.

Low-velocity layers within the crust can indicate the presence of melt and lithologic differences with implications for crustal composition and formation. Seismic wave conversions and reverberations across the base of the crust or intracrustal discontinuities, analysed using the receiver function method, can be used to constrain crustal layering. This is commonly accomplished by inverting receiver functions jointly with surface wave dispersion. Recently, the proliferation of model-space search approaches has made this technique a workhorse of crustal seismology. We show that reverberations from shallow layers such as sedimentary basins produce spurious low-velocity zones when inverted for crustal structure with surface wave data of insufficiently high frequency. Therefore, reports of such layers in the literature based on inversions using receiver function data should be re-evaluated. We demonstrate that a simple resonance-removal filter can suppress these effects and yield reliable estimates of crustal structure, and advocate for its use in receiver-function based inversions.

SUMMARY – Spinal dumbbell tumors are defined by a narrowing at the point where they penetrate the intervertebral foramina or dura mater, assuming an hourglass or dumbbell shape. Dumbbell-shaped spinal hemangiomas are extremely rare. We describe a dumbbell spinal tumor (epidural cavernous hemangioma) resected by a 2-stage single-sitting combined approach. We also conduct a substantial literature review of the subject. We present a case of a 78-year-old male who was found to have a homogeneously enhancing, dumbbell-shaped, intraspinal, extradural tumor mass extending into the left chest cavity. The tumor was resected with a single-sitting 2-stage posterior technique: a microsurgical approach, followed by endoscopic resection via a thoracoscopic approach. There are several reports in the literature on the combined approach for dumbbell tumors of the spinal cord. Our case is the first to describe 2-stage combined surgery in 1 sitting for dumbbell hemangioma with the patient in the lateral decubitus position for the thoracoscopic part of the surgery; and the use of a fat pad, which was applied in the neuroforamen via the posterior route, as a marker for resection during the transthoracic procedure.

Introduction: Quantifier Elimination gives us perfect insight into the most basic world of the computer, its origin, its primer functions and it basic operations. Carefully designed and programmed Algorithm for Quantifier Elimination makes the quantifier elimination from the quantified formulas much easier and much more comprehensive Aim: This paper explains how Quantifier Elimination algorithm can be used in the field of Biology, or to be more specific, in the field of Epidemiology. Material and methods: Exemplary formulas needed for the algorithm are all the formulas from the Mathematical Logic field. JavaScript programming language was used in order to program fast and effective algorithm for Quantifier Elimination. Results: Solving the certain problems from the field of Epidemiology using the Quantifier Elimination method, proved to be very successful in the past, because it made possible for the results to be extracted very fast. Doing the exact thing using the newer generation algorithm might be even more effective. Conclusion: The most basic concepts of Mathematical Logic can be implemented in order to solve the one of the most important questions in Epidemiology.