In this paper, we investigated YF3: Yb/Er, YF3: Yb/Tm, and YF3: Yb/Ho solid solutions prepared by reaction of an appropriate amount of oxides with ammonium difluoride (NH4HF2) as a fluorinating agent. These samples were characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD), magnetic measurements, and up-conversion (UC) photoluminescence spectra. The results show that all samples are single-phase and crystallize in an orthorhombic crystal structure of the ?-YF3 structure type. Above 100 K, the measured molar magnetic susceptibility was fitted by the Curie-Weiss law and the average effective magnetic moments for the observed samples were obtained. All the samples showed pure paramagnetic behavior. When doped with lanthanide elements (Yb/Er, Yb/Tm, Yb/Ho), YF3 solid solutions can emit characteristic green, red, blue, and near IR light under the excitation of a 980 nm laser diode.

+38765837328 Abstract In order to determine the extent to which reduced light intensity affects some morpho-anatomical characteristics and physiological parameters in young plants of Pisumsativum L. we compared certain plant parameters grown at full illumination (3200 lux) with plants grown at lower intensity illumination (1700, 1000 and 650 lux) in this research.The ultimate goal is a better understanding of the adaptations of the studied species (variety) to different light treatments. Low light intensity had a negative effect on the anatomical structure of the pea leaves and led to the development of thinner leaves compared to the plants grown at full illumination.The results obtained indicate that the thickness of the epidermis of the face and the back, the leaf thickness, the thickness of palisade tissue and the diameter of the conducting bundles decreased with decreasing illumination, while the thickness of the sponge tissue increased with decreasing illumination. The number of stomata both on the face and on the back of the leaves was lower at lower illumination, with the stomata cells being larger in size. The intensity of transpiration decreased with decreasing illumination, which was correlated with the decrease in the number of stomatal cells. The results show that lower light treatment had an inhibitory effect on the photosynthetic pigment content, which indicates the sensitivity of the studied species and raises the question of the level of adaptation and possible diminished yield of the species studied, if grown under poor light