Due to the rapid advancement of online social networks in recent years, the prevalence of fake news has increased significantly. Fake news is deliberately created to deceive users by imitating real news, making it challenging to identify early on. So, we need to explore the accompanying information to improve its disclosure such as the publisher. This study focuses on analyzing and investigating various traditional machine learning models to determine the most effective one. The goal is to develop a supervised machine learning algorithm that can classify news articles as either true or fake, utilizing tools like Python‘s scikit-learn and NLP for text analysis. The proposed approach involves feature extraction and vectorization. To accomplish this, the scikit-learn library in Python is utilized, which offers helpful tools like CountVectorizer and TfidfVectorizer. The experiment involved implementing well-known algorithms: Logistic regression, Neural networks and SVM, and comparing their performance to determine the most suitable one. Each of the three algorithms performed well, but SVM demonstrated superior outcomes across nearly all categories.

The golden ratio (golden section, golden mean, divine proportion) is an irrational number whose value is approximately Φ = 1.618. The golden ratio has imposed itself throughout history as a kind of principle of unison and harmony that is so subtly and fascinatingly repeated in nature, science, art, and even in the structure and function of the human body. What is typical for the golden ratio is that it places the larger segment in relation to the smaller segment, uniting them into a single whole, which again place it in the same relationship with its larger part. If we consider the cardiac cycle as one such whole, its “larger segment” would refer to the diastolic phase, while the “smaller segment” would refer to the systolic phase of one cardiac cycle. In this article, the mathematical processing of 100 ECG records included the measurement of intervals representing the systolic and diastolic phases of the cardiac cycle, where the ratio of diastolic and systolic phases, and the ratio of one cardiac cycle and diastolic phase was obtained. The study has shown that people with normal ECG records have a ratio of the diastolic and systolic phases of the cardiac cycle, and the cardiac cycle and the diastolic phase, which are very close to the golden ratio. On the other hand, persons whose ECG records indicate certain pathological conditions in the heart muscle have ratios of diastolic and systolic phase, and of the total cardiac cycle and diastolic phase, which deviate to varying degrees from the value of the golden ratio. It has been shown that for a certain pathological condition there is a characteristic deviation of the diastole/systole and cardiac cycle/diastole ratio from the number Φ, which opens the possibility of applying this method as a potential diagnostic or screening method in rapid analysis of ECG records.

Fuzzy TOPSIS is one of the sensitive methods for multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). This paper presents the possibility of using fuzzy TOPSIS method and fuzzy evaluation framework for the quality of student mobility in the Erasmus programme. The framework estimates the mobility quality by analysing the answers from the final report study of the implemented mobility. The quality analysis is carried out at the level of individual responses, the entire report and the faculties participating in the programme. The numerical example demonstrates the use of frameworks and determination of quality.

All cases o f OLR during a period o f five years in the Department o f Oral Pathology are analyzed. The aim o f this study was. to present epidemiological and clinical findings o f OLR to determine if Grinspan syndrome exist and if so in what percentage. OLR affected women more frequently (72.3%) then men (27.7%), and after the age o f 40 OLR is more frequent. The ratio o f lichen ruber planus and erosivus was 68.5% : 31.5%. DM is present in 16.1%, hypertension in 30.1%, Grinspan syndrome in 4.2% cases. All the six cases o f Grinspan sy­ ndrome had the erosive form of lichen. There is also significant correlati­ on o f OLR with gastrointestinal disease (85.3%), where, gastritis and hepathobiliar diseases prevail.