Iodine is an essential element to humans and animals. It is a constituent of the thyroid hormones and its deficiency causes goitre and may increase the risk for intellectual deficiency in affected populations. Iodine deficiency disorders represent a significant public health problem in 118 countries worldwide (Vitti et al., 2001). Among them, thirty-two European countries were still affected by mild to Abstract

Modern breeds of dairy animals are able to produce huge amount of milk. In attempt to consume, digest and metabolize enough nutrients to satisfy lactation needs, those animals are exposed to serious stress conditions that can affect their health. Health problems which arise from those conditions are mainly related to impaired ability to metabolize enough nutrients to compensate for those lost in milk. They are known as metabolic or production diseases and may be of great economic importance in milk production systems.

Tijekom 2003-2004. godine pratili smo kretanje sadržaja olova u fitogenim, animalnim i mineralnim komponentama te kompletnim krmnim smjesama za hranidbu peradi. Za kemijsku analizu ukupno su prikupljena 123 uzorka i to: 61 uzorak fitogenih, 15 uzoraka animalnih, 20 uzoraka mineralnih krmiva i 27 uzoraka krmnih smjesa koje su proizvedene u TSH i MSH (mješaonica sto ne hrane) na podru ju Bosne i Hercegovine. Kemijske analize izvršene su u laboratoriju Katedre za hranu i ishranu životinja Veterinarskog fakulteta Sveu ilišta u Sarajevu. Sadržaj Pb odre en je metodom plamene atomske apsorpcijske spektrofotometrije – AAS prema A.O.A.C.-u. Dobiveni rezultati kemijske analize svedeni su na 88% suhe tvari i statisti ki obra eni. Prosje an sadržaj Pb (mg/kg) u fitogenim krmivima iznosio je: kukuruz 0,469, pšenica 0,569, lucerka 3,152, sto no brašno 1,332, sojina sa ma 1,652, suncokretova sa ma 1,808 uz varijacijski raspon od 0,354 do 4,006. U animalnim krmivima prosje an sadržaj olova (mg/kg) iznosio je: u kvascu 3,322 i ribljem brašnu 5,899 uz variacionu širinu od 2,113 do 7,036, a u mineralnim krmivima, u sto noj kredi 17,579 i DiCa-P 13,700 uz varijacijski raspon od 12.480 do 20,270. Sadržaj Pb u kompletnim krmnim smjesama za perad prosje no je iznosio 3,315 mg/kg, uz varijacijski raspon od 1,542 do 7,504 mg/kg.

Tijekom 2000. godine, slu ajnim uzorkovanjem potpunih krmnih smjesa za pastrve u ribogojilištima na podru ju Bosne i Hercegovine prikupljen je i na kemijsku analizu dostavljen 31 uzorak i to: 16 uzoraka za mla i 15 uzoraka za rast i tov. Od ukupnog broja, 29 uzoraka vodilo je podrijetlo od inozemnih proizvo a a. Kontrola deklariranog sastava izvršena je kemijskom analizom u laboratoriju Katedre za hranu i ishranu životinja Veterinarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu. Utvr eno je da su krmne smjese za mla prosje no sadržavale: vlage 6,14%, bjelan evina 50,46%, masno e 16,92%, vlaknine 1,18%, i pepela 8,87%. Krmne smjese za rast i tov pastrve prosje no su sadržavale: vlage 6,97%, bjelan evina 43,86%, masno e 15,82%, vlaknine 2,25%, i pepela 7,43%. Prosje an sadržaj mineralnih elemenata u svim uzorcima iznosio je: kalcija 1,56%, fosfora 1,29%, magnezija 0,17%, natrija 0,51%, kalija 1,00%, željeza 247,45 mg/kg, mangana 53,79 mg/kg, bakra 10,39 mg/kg i cinka 147,17 mg/kg.

In this experiment the influence of stocking density on the body conformation of broiler carcasses was investigated. One hundred and twenty broiler chickens were divided into three groups; each group comprised 40 chickens. At the end of the first week of the fattening period 20 chickens in each group were marked by random sampling. The first testing group (P1) represented the one with a lower stocking density (12 chickens per square meter); the second one (P2) with a higher stocking density (18 chickens per square meter), while the control group (K) was set in accordance with the technological recommendations (15 chickens per square meter). Breast circumference, drumstick circumference, keel length (crista sterni), breast depth and breast angle were monitored and measured on a weekly basis. Body conformation measures were determined on the carcasses in a horizontal position with their backs placed on the table. The appropriate instruments such as millimetre tape, caliper and ZP-3 protractor were used. In addition, a weekly live weight and feed consumption were measured. Production results (live weight, gain, feed-to-gain ratio and European Production Index (EPI) were calculated. Carcass grades were calculated based on the mass ratio of the cooled carcass and the live body weight before slaughtering. The research findings have confirmed that overcrowding in production facilities is always risky in regard to the expected production results. In contrast, by fully conforming to the production technology requirements, it is possible to achieve better production results.

Da bi se ispitao sadržaj bakra u hranidbenom lancu tlo-biljka-ovca, na podru ju Nisi ke visoravni su tijekom ljeta 2003. godine ispitani uzorci tla, pase i krvi životinja. Srednje vrijednosti bakra su u pasi od 0,56 ppm u svibnju i 0,72 ppm u lipnju i indiciraju manjkav sadržaj ovog elementa. To potvr uju i njegove koncentracije u krvi ovaca od 0,39 ppm. Iako je tlo sadržavalo 18,85 ppm (svibanj) i 20,01 ppm bakra (lipanj), zbog interakcije s drugim elementima kao sto su Fe, Mo i S nemogu e je dati generalnu ocjenu o statusu bakra bez istraživanja spomenutih minerala.