The aim of the article is to present to the medical, and then to the general public, the person and work of Milivoje Sarvan (1896–1978)—one of the pioneers of social paediatrics in Serbia and one of the most prominent paediatricians, scientists and organizers of health services in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the second half of the 20th century. Milivoje Sarvan was born in 1896 in Požega, in the Kingdom of Serbia. He completed his medical studies in Lyon (France) in 1921. Upon his return to Serbia, he was a county physician in Aleksinac for three years and, shortly after the establishment of the University Children’s Hospital in Belgrade in 1924, he was among the first assistants employed there. Out of the total of 23 years of professional work in Serbia, for 19 years he was an assistant and assistant professor at the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade. At the end of 1946, at the initiative of the Ministry of Public Health of the People’s Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Dr. Milivoje Sarvan was appointed full professor and head of the Department of Paediatrics at the newly established Faculty of Medicine in Sarajevo. At the same time, he was elected head of the Paediatric Clinic in Sarajevo when it was established, and he would later manage it from 1947 until his retirement in 1967. Already at the beginning, Prof. Sarvan developed the activities of the Clinic in several directions: he created the conditions for clinical, teaching and scientific research work. He took care of the education of future paediatricians and child care workers, organized courses in social paediatrics for general practitioners and professional training for paediatricians in the country and abroad. The next period of his activities was marked by the intensive development of the Clinic in all areas of its work. He published more than 120 professional and scientific papers in national and foreign medical journals, and several health education books on mother and child care that have been published in several editions, with large print runs. He was the dean of the Faculty of Medicine and vice-rector of the University of Sarajevo, founder of the Paediatric Section of the Society of Physicians of Bosnia and Herzegovina, lifetime president of the Association of Paediatricians of Yugoslavia, a member of the Scientific Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1955 and the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina from its foundation in 1966. He was honoured with high level social awards and recognitions, including the highest state award of the Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia—the AVNOJ award. After his retirement (1967), he lived in Belgrade, where he died in 1978. Conclusion. Bearing all of this in mind, there is no doubt that Dr. Milivoje Sarvan is one of the significant figures in the field of professional, scientific and organizational work in the field of children’s health care in the former Yugoslavia, leaving a significant and indelible mark in the current states of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

No abstract available.

The aim of the article is to present, primarily to the medical world and also the general public, the personality and work of Maša Živanović (1890–1960), a pioneer in the health care of children and mothers in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), a health educator and one of the leaders of the Yugoslav Women’s Rights Movement in the period between the two world wars. She was born in Croatia (then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) as Maria Skopszyński, in a family of Polish-Czech origin. After studying at the Temporary Women’s Lyceum in Zagreb and passing the matriculation exam at the boy’s High School (1909), she obtained the title of Doctor of Medicine in Vienna (1916). Her activity in the Women’s Rights Movement has so far generally attracted more attention from researchers than her medical work. However, this work was very important because the general and health education of women, expectant mothers and mothers, after the two World Wars was very poor in BH, and the rates of child morbidity and mortality were high. Maša Živanović spent almost her entire working life in Sarajevo. For 30 years, she was the head of the Dispensary for Mothers and the Children, later the Institute for Maternal and Child Health Care, into which the previous institution grew in 1931. She was among the first followers of the new concept of “comprehensive paediatrics”, which included social care for children, disease prevention and treatment of the sick. She successfully connected the medical mission with the mission of a women’s rights activist, also trying to act as a health educator through articles published in the Women’s Movement magazine (Ženski pokret). For a time, she was the president of the Society for the Education of Woman and Protection of her Rights, i.e. the Women’s Movement, and a delegate at conferences of international feminist organizations. Conclusion. Maša Živanović was a physician, a pioneer in the health care of children and mothers in BH, a long-time director of the Institute for Health Care of Mothers and Children in Sarajevo, and one of the leaders of the Yugoslav Women’s Rights Movement.

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the biographical, professional, and health-educational works of Dr. Isak Samakovlija, who was better known as a writer than a doctor in the country where he was born. He was born in 1889 in Goražde, the easternmost province in the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy, into a modest Jewish merchant family. He attended high school in Sarajevo and completed his studies in medicine in Vienna in 1917. During the First World War, he served twice in the Austro-Hungarian army. After the end of the First World War in 1918, he completed a medical internship at the National Hospital in Sarajevo. He began his service as a doctor, first in Goražde and then in Fojnica and Sarajevo. After the establishment of the Independent State of Croatia in May 1941, he was dismissed from his duties in the service without the right to pension or support, and without the right to appeal. In the Independent State of Croatia, he was twice mobilized into the Home Guard and was manager of the clinic in the Alipašin Most refugee camp. After World War II, he was the head of the Health Education Department of the Ministry of Public Health of the People’s Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo. Together with a group of enthusiastic doctors, he founded and edited the first Bosnian medical journal Život i Zdravlje (Life and Health). In that journal, Dr. Samokovlija published 29 articles of health and educational content. In 1949, Dr. Samokovlija left the Ministry of Public Health and continued to edit the literature and art journal Brazda, but he still had a private practice until the end of his life. He died in Sarajevo on January 15, 1955. He was buried with the highest state honors at the Jewish cemetery in Sarajevo. Conclusion. Isak Samakovlija (1889-1955) was one of the first medical doctors born in Bosnia and Herzegovina. He made a significant contribution to the improvement of people’s health after the First and Second World Wars in the places where he worked. His special contribution are his articles on health education.

No abstract available.

This short biography traces the life and medical activities of Rosalie Sattler, née Feuerstein (1883-19??), who was employed as an official female physician at the Austro-Hungarian (AH) provincial public health department in Sarajevo from 1914-1919. Born in 1883 into a Jewish middle-class family in Chernivtsi (then Czernowitz), Ukraine, in Bukovina, the easternmost province in Austria, Feuerstein moved to Vienna in 1904 to study medicine. After earning her MD from Vienna University in 1909, she started her career as an assistant physician at the Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital in Vienna. In spring 1912, Feuerstein moved to Sarajevo to work as an intern at the local provincial hospital (Landeskrankenhaus). In the same year, she married AH district physician Moritz Sattler (1873-1927) in Vienna. In 1914, Sattler-Feuerstein successfully applied to be an AH official female physician in Bosnia. She was an employee of the provincial public health department in Sarajevo and never functioned as an official female physician in the sense of the relevant AH service ordinance. After the collapse of the monarchy, Sattler-Feuerstein continued to be employed as an official female physician of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. She resigned from service in 1919 and established herself as a private general practitioner in Sarajevo with her husband, who had also resigned as an official physician and started to practice privately at that point. Widowed in 1927, she left Sarajevo for an unknown destination, likely in 1938-1939, and vanished from historical records. CONCLUSION: Rosalie Sattler-Feuerstein (1883-19??) came to Bosnia as the eighth AH official female physician and worked as an employee of the AH provincial public health department in Sarajevo from 1914-1919, after which she practiced as a private physician in Sarajevo for more than 25 years.

This short biography details the life and medical activities of Rosa Einhorn, mariée Bloch (1872-1950), who practised as an Austro-Hungarian (AH) official female physician in Travnik in occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) from 1902 to 1904, and as a semi-official private physician from 1905 to 1912/13. Born in Hrodna district in the Russian Pale of Crescent, Einhorn had qualified and practised as a "feldsheritsa" in Russia and went to Switzerland to study medicine in 1896. Upon receiving her medical doctorate from the University of Lausanne in 1901, she became recommended as a particularly adequate candidate for the not-yet-created position of an AH official female physician in BH. After Einhorn functioned as a general practitioner for women and children in Travnik and the adjacent districts for two years, the AH public health authorities officially dismissed her due to her engagement and marriage to the AH judiciary Sigismund Bloch (1850-1927). However, she obtained a right to private practice in 1905 and was employed as a private physician in AH anti-syphilis campaigning. Struggling for her reinstatement as an official female physician in Travnik, she also strove for the accreditation of her Swiss diploma in Austria, though in vain. After two attempts to emigrate to the United States in 1904 and 1913, Rosa Einhorn finally left Europe to work as a physician in the United States and Mandatory Palestine/Eretz Israel in 1923. She died in New York on May 27, 1950. CONCLUSION: Rosa Einhorn was employed as a provisory official female physician in Travnik in 1903/1904, the AH authorities accepting her only as a local private female physician after her marriage in 1905. Struggling in vain for her reinstatement, she finally left Bosnia in 1913.