The objective of the study was to assess the genetic diversity of the Tornjak shepherd dog by analyzing 10 micro- satellite loci. The dogs were divided into three main groups: Tornjaks from Bosnia and Herzegovina (TBA), Tornjaks from Croatia (THR), and a control group containing four subgroups: German Shepherd (GS), Belgian Shepherd (BS), crossbreeds of Tornjaks and other breeds (MIXT), and various other dog breeds (MIXA). The average number of genotypes (GN) and alleles (AN) was 19.2 and 8.4 (TBA), 8.2 and 5.4 (THR), 7.9 and 5.1 (BS), 4.4 and 3.6 (GS), 7.6 and 5.5 (MIXT), and 8.6 and 6.0 (MIXA), respectively. The average values of observed (HO) and expected heterozy- gosity (HE) were 0.7261 and 0.7392 (TBA); 0.7625 and 0.7139 (THR); 0.6857 and 0.6837 (BS); 0.4900 and 0.4640 (GS); 0.6786 and 0.6760 (MIXT); and 0.7067 and 0.7160 (MIXA), respectively. In the TBA population, “private” alleles were observed at all ten loci. The average overall inbreeding coefficient (F) value between the Tornjak and the control group was 0.0768. The AMOVA test revealed the highest degree of variation within the TBA group (55.43%), while no significant variations were observed in the control subgroup GS. The smallest differentiation for TBA was found with THR at 1.86% used the pairwise FST (pFST). The constructed Neighbor-Joining (NJ) dendrogram shows clear grouping of TBA and THR in comparison to the breeds of the control group. In relation to the data presented, a high level heterogeneity of has been established in the studied Tornjak population (TBA).

: Legal metrology ensures consumer protection from inaccurate measurements by regulating numerous instruments, some under EU harmonized legislation and others governed by national decisions based on the International Organization for Legal Metrology (OIML) recommendations. Verification laboratories produce measurement reports, often in unstructured PDF formats. Exploring and analyzing these reports remains inherently tedious and error-prone due to their format as numerous unstructured PDF files. To address these challenges, we introduce ScaleVis, a system combining standard and specialized visualizations to facilitate the exploration and analysis of measurement data including spatial information relevant to eccentricity measurements. The system incorporates data cleaning to resolve inconsistencies from manual entry and provides insights into measurement trends and deviations. Focusing on non-automatic weighing instruments, we analyze verification results to identify significant deviations in linearity and eccentricity. This study focuses on the analysis of non-automatic weighing instruments from various manufacturers and application domains. Using verification results from competent laboratories, we examine the metrological behavior of these instruments, identifying the ranges of linearity and eccentricities with the largest deviations from prescribed errors. A use case with domain experts underscores ScaleVis’s potential to streamline data analysis in legal metrology, with initial feedback indicating strong utility and effectiveness.

This paper deals with a sensitivity analysis of engineering critical assessment, using a fracture assessment diagram of through-thickens axial flaws on pressure equipment. Basic option calculations are performed per BS 7910, using engineering fracture mechanics principles, followed by the provision of assessment points. For evaluation purposes, arbitrary design properties of pressure equipment and temperature-dependent materials properties were used. Several through-thickness axial flaw sizes were used for critical assessment. Furthermore, the sensitivity of critical assessment is evaluated by varying stress states and material fracture toughness. Finally, the sensitivity analysis shows how axial flaw growth may become critical, or its acceptability, depending on varying stress states and temperature-dependent material properties, on selected pressure equipment.

Introduction: Composite materials may be exposed to chemicals in food and beverages in the oral cavity, which can lead to changes in surface roughness. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness of two restorative materials after exposure to coffee and green tea followed by a dental bleaching procedure. Methods: For nanofilled composite and microhybrid composite, 15 samples each were fabricated. Five specimens from each composite were stored in instant coffee and green tea for 4 h a day. After 30 days of immersion, specimens received dental at-home bleaching, using 16% carbamide peroxide (CP), for 7 h a day. The control group was stored in deionized water for 30 days. Surface roughness was determined by profilometry 24 h after polymerization, after 30 days of immersion, and after bleaching. The data were analyzed using a t-test for paired samples and mixed analysis of variance, at a 0.05 significance level. Results: Neither beverages nor CP treatment significantly altered the surface roughness of the composites. There was no difference between the tested composite materials regarding roughness. Conclusion: Surface roughness of the microhybrid and nanohybrid composites was not modified by coffee, green tea, and subsequent whitening treatment.

There is no doubt that milk and dairy products have a high nutritional value. However, their current consumption is increasingly dependent on their dietary and health properties. It is noticeable that in recent years, increasing popularity is given to those dairy products that have a positive effect on the human body. The aim of this study was to determine the fatty acid composition of sheep's milk from the area of Livno and Travnik (Vlašić), with special reference to the content of bioactive fatty acids that have a positive effect on human health. The fatty acid composition of the tested milk samples was specific due to the content of fatty acids which have been proven to have an extremely beneficial effect on human health. Concentrations of most bioactive fatty acids varied between areas, and the differences were statistically significant for arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, and rumenic. Milk samples from the tested areas had an almost ideal ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids, which makes them very favorable foods from a health point of view.

Amina HRKOVIĆ-POROBIJA*, DVM, PhD, Assistant Professor (Corresponding author, e-mail: amina. hrkovic@vfs.unsa.ba), Aida HODŽIĆ, DVM, PhD, Full Professor, Husein OHRAN, DVM, Teaching Assistant, Nejra HADŽIMUSIĆ, DVM, PhD, Assistant Professor, Dinaida TAHIROVIĆ, DVM, MSc, Research Fellow, Almira SOFTIĆ, DVM, PhD, Associate Professor, Lejla VELIĆ, DVM, PhD, Associate Professor, Aida KUSTURA, DVM, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Sarajevo, Veterinary faculty of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Vinko BATINIĆ, DVM, PhD, Teaching Assistant, University of Mostar, Faculty of Agriculture and Food technology, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The indigenous Travnik (Vlasic) cheese is produced in central Bosnia in the area of Mt. Vlasic. This cheese belongs to the group of white soft cheeses, ripened in brine under anaerobic conditions, and made from raw, thermally untreated sheep’s milk. The production technology is very simple and is adapted to mountainous conditions. Cheese is an important source of essential nutrients, in particular proteins, fat, vitamins and minerals. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of macroelements (Ca, Na, K, Mg, P) and microelements (Zn, Fe, Cu) in 15 samples of Travnik sheep cheese using the atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and ultraviolet–visible spectrometry (UV-VIS) methods. A tendency of increasing Mg and K, Fe and Ca, Fe and Mg, and Fe and P was determined in the examined samples, but without statistical significance. The correlation coefficient values showed statistical validity at the level of high significance of differences (P<0.01).