The present work aspires to contribute to the discussion on the relationship between macroscopic measurements and microstructure, helping establish a methodology that will allow the quantitative assessment of the effect of strain on magnetic properties in the plastic deformation regime. In particular, we study the effect of strain on the magnetization process as a result of varying the anisotropy profile at the grain level. Results on micromagnetic calculations of hysteresis loops for various configurations of magnetic anisotropy are shown and discussed against the interplay between the energy terms involved in the calculations, namely anisotropy, demagnetizing, and exchange. The results are in line with previously obtained results using vector Preisach modeling with the Stoner–Wohlfarth model acting both as a switching and rotation mechanism. The hysteresis loop phenomenology is consistent with the emergence of a hard phase in the form of a boundary around soft grains which is assumed to be the result of the onset of compressive stresses in the plastic region. Future research will be oriented toward the study of the effect of the secondary peak in differential permeability, which is observed experimentally in the plastic deformation region, and its dependence on the angle of misalignment between the hard boundary and the soft grain.

A dedicated run of a future electron-positron collider (FCC-ee) at a center-of-mass energy equal to the Higgs boson mass would enable a direct measurement of the electron Yukawa coupling. However, it poses substantial experimental difficulties due to large backgrounds, the requirement for monochromatised e+e− beams, and the potential extension of the FCC-ee timeline. Given this, we explore the extent to which the electron Yukawa coupling can be enhanced in simplified UV models and examine whether such scenarios can be constrained by other FCC-ee runs or upcoming experiments at the intensity frontier. Our results indicate that in certain classes of models, the (g − 2)e provides a probe of the electron Yukawa coupling that is as effective or better than the FCC-ee. Nevertheless, there exist models that can lead to sizeable deviations in the electron Yukawa coupling which can only be probed in a dedicated run at the Higgs pole mass.

The industrial advancement of downstream products resulting from the directed hydrogenation of maleic anhydride is hindered by the limitations related to the activity and stability of catalysts. The development of nonprecious metal intermetallic compounds, in which active sites are adjustable in the local structures and electronic properties embedded within a distinct framework, holds immense potential in enhancing catalytic efficacy and stability. Herein, we report that nickel-based silicides catalysts, RNi2Si2 (R = Ca, La, and Y), afford high efficiency in the selective hydrogenation of maleic anhydride. Among the RNi2Si2 with the same tetragonal structure, CaNi2Si2 with complete isolation and highest electron density of Ni sites presents the low apparent activation energy (98.4 kJ/mol). Preferential adsorption of intermediate succinic anhydride via C═O bonds is achieved by the high oxygen affinity of CaNi2Si2, resulting in chemoselectivity to γ-butyrolactone (>80%). Additionally, the silicide with good resistance to sintering and acid corrosion presents remarkable stability for at least 130 h. The design of the silicide structure will offer fresh perspectives on the development of effective and enduring selective hydrogenation catalysts.

Sociology offers a valuable lens through which to examine the societal transformations taking place in the age of artificial intelligence. By analysing micro-, meso- and macro-social levels, sociology can shed light on how AI affects processes such as socialisation, education, training, employment, communication, leisure and work. Furthermore, the impact of AI on social sustainability is a critical concern. This paper proposes a reflexive analysis of the sociology of AI to explore its potential contributions to social sustainability in the digital age. It considers the challenges associated with accessing and promoting digital literacy for AI, both as consumers and producers. It also considers the implications for sociology as a scientific discipline, encompassing both research methodologies and the products of inquiry. Through this analysis, the paper seeks to provide insights into how the sociology of AI can contribute to a more sustainable society in the digital age, and to identify the obstacles that need to be overcome to achieve this goal.   Received: 22 May 2024 / Accepted: 22 December 2024 / Published: 11 January 2025

Abstract Objectives Two different European Reference Networks cover CTDs with paediatric onset, the European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Connective Tissue Diseases (ERN ReCONNET) and the European Reference Network on Rare Immunological Disorders (ERN RITA). The transition of care is a significant focus, with ReCONNET centres actively addressing this through updated programs. Despite these efforts, challenges persist. We aimed to inventory transitional care programs for rare CTDs across Europe. Methods In April 2023, the ERN ReCONNET Transition of Care Task Force, consisting of expert clinicians, patient advocates and coordination team members, created a survey to assess transitional care practices. The survey was distributed to ERN ReCONNET and ERN RITA centres and responses received by 15 March 2024 were analysed. Results A total of 67 responses from 59 centres across 20 European countries were collected. Paediatric rheumatologists typically initiated the transition process (49% of centres). Twenty centres had joint clinics. Despite positive self-assessments of transitional programs, significant limitations were noted. Transition policies varied, with only 40% of centres having a formal standardized policy and less than half of the centres adhering to available transition of care guidelines. Transfer readiness was evaluated using validated questionnaires in 13% of centres, while 29% transitioned patients based solely on age without any readiness assessments. The main challenges included finding adult-oriented centres and the lack of guidelines or engagement from adult centres. Adult healthcare providers also noted a lack of training in adolescent medicine. Conclusion The survey highlighted diverse transition practices and resources across centres, with challenges in readiness evaluation and the use of guidelines. Despite these obstacles, respondents rated ongoing transition processes positively. Enhancing patient perspectives in the transition process is crucial to meet their needs during this critical phase.

Background Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries is a chronic, progressive condition characterized by the buildup of plaque within the arterial walls. Coronary artery disease (CAD), more specifically coronary atherosclerosis (CATS), is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Computational modeling frameworks have been used for simulation of atherosclerotic plaque progression and with the advancement of agent-based modeling (ABM) the simulation results became more accurate. However, there is a need for optimization of resources for predictive modeling, hence surrogate models are being built to substitute lengthy computational models without compromising the results. Objective This study explores the development of a surrogate model for atherosclerotic plaque progression using ABM simulation data. Method The dataset used for this study contains samples from latin-hypercube sampling based generated simulation parameters used in conjunction with 15 patient-specific geometries and corresponding plaque progression data. The developed surrogate model is based on deep learning using artificial neural networks (ANN). Results The surrogate model achieved an accuracy of 95.4% in benchmarking with the ABM model it was built upon which indicates the robustness of the framework. Conclusion Adoption of surrogate models with high accuracy in practice opens an avenue for utilization of high-fidelity decision support systems for predicting atherosclerotic plaque progression in real-time.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between linear and change-of-direction sprinting performance with dribbling performance and Dribble Deficit in professional female handball players. Methods Eleven professional female handball players (mean age: 21.12 ± 4.34 years; body height: 171.59 ± 4.52 cm; body weight: 66.29 ± 5.73 kg) participated in the study. Each participant completed several linear (sprint over 10, 20, and 30 m) and change-of-direction tests (slalom test, zig-zag test, 505 test), first without the ball (sprinting performance) followed by ball dribbling (dribbling performance). Dribble Deficit was calculated indirectly as the time difference between the best trial while dribbling minus the best trial without dribbling. Results A large to very large correlation was observed between the linear sprint and dribbling performance (r = 0.53–0.78), as well as between change-of-direction sprinting performance and dribbling performance (r = 0.66–0.88). The study also showed a moderate to perfect relationship between linear dribbling performance and Dribble Deficit (r = 0.46–0.93), and a large relationship between change-of-direction dribbling performance and Dribble Deficit (r = 0.54–0.55), while the relationships between linear sprinting performance and Dribble Deficit (r = −0.51–0.21) and between change-of-direction sprinting performance and Dribble Deficit (r = −0.14–0.26) were small and non-significant. Conclusion In summary, Dribble Deficit reflects dribbling ability independent of sprinting ability and refines its application for practical use in assessing dribbling skills in female handball players.

A subset of developmental disorders (DD) is characterized by disease-specific genome-wide methylation changes. These episignatures inform on the underlying pathogenic mechanisms and can be used to assess the pathogenicity of genomic variants as well as confirm clinical diagnoses. Currently, the detection of these episignature requires the use of indirect methylation profiling methodologies. We hypothesized that long-read whole genome sequencing would not only enable the detection of single nucleotide variants and structural variants but also episignatures. Genome-wide nanopore sequencing was performed in 40 controls and 20 patients with confirmed or suspected episignature-associated DD, representing 13 distinct diseases. Following genomic variant and methylome calling, hierarchical clustering and dimensional reduction were used to determine the compatibility with microarray-based episignatures. Subsequently, we developed a support vector machine (SVM) for the detection of each DD. Nanopore sequencing-based methylome patterns were concordant with microarray-based episignatures. Our SVM-based classifier identified the episignatures in 17/19 patients with a (likely) pathogenic variant and none of the controls. The remaining patients in which no episignature was identified were also classified as controls by a commercial microarray assay. In addition, we identified all underlying pathogenic single nucleotide and structural variants and showed haplotype-aware skewed X-inactivation evaluation directs clinical interpretation. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates nanopore sequencing enables episignature detection. In addition, concurrent haplotyped genomic and epigenomic analyses leverage simultaneous detection of single nucleotide/structural variants, X-inactivation, and imprinting, consolidating a multi-step sequential process into a single diagnostic assay.

Although the influence of infill masonry on horizontal load structure behavior is well-documented, current standards and regulations have yet to fully incorporate or explicitly define the load-bearing capacity of this complex system. Canadian and American standards present more comprehensive and specific methodologies for calculating the load-bearing capacity of infill masonry and frame systems. In contrast, European standards tend to focus on offering general guidelines for the design of these systems without delving into the detailed calculation procedures. However, extensive data and experimental studies on this topic are available in the literature. The primary aim of this paper was to compile a database of experiments involving frames with different types of infill masonry. Subsequently, the empirical results obtained through the application of analytical expressions from various standards are compared to the experimental data included in the compiled database. The obtained load-bearing values were compared to different standards and work conducted by various researchers found in the literature in order to assess their reliability. Based on the obtained results, important conclusions were drawn, specifically to the most accurate equivalent diagonal model used and the analytical expressions to be used in the assessment of the masonry-infilled steel frame behavior. The equivalent diagonal model, utilized in all analytical expressions, can provide highly accurate estimations of load-bearing capacities that closely align with the experimental results. Regardless of the type of infill element, the analytical expressions consistently overestimated the load-bearing capacity. In the presence of longitudinal force, analytical expressions tend to be conservative, providing significantly lower load-bearing values compared with experimental results, which ensures a safety margin. The database can be utilized to develop numerical models, which can subsequently serve as the foundation for probabilistic methods used in conducting reliability assessments.

: Ophiolitic mélanges of the Ozren and Borja-Mahnjača massifs comprise Middle Triassic, Lower Jurassic, and Middle Jurassic radiolarites. The Middle Triassic radiolarites from clastic components in the mélange of the Ozren ophiolite complex (OOC) predominantly contain the species Annulotriassocampe and Triassocampe species, together with marker species of the Ladinocampe multiperforata Zone, belonging to the Illyrian. These Middle Triassic radiola-rites are remnants of the Maliac Ocean, which opened during the Late Anisian. The inferred continuation of the Middle Triassic radiolarian sedimentation to the Early Jurassic is recorded by radiolarites from block-in-matrix in the mélange of the Borja-Mahnjača ophiolite complex (BMOC). Their Sinemurian–Pliensbachian age is indicated by species of the genera Canoptum, Katroma, Droltus , Lantus, Gorgasium , Charlottea , Bipetis , Paleosaturnalis and Paroanella . Such Lower Jurassic radiolarites were so far unknown from the Dinaric ophiolite complexes. The Middle Jurassic radio-larites cover the pillow basalts of the OOC. Their microfauna indicates the Bathonian–early Callovian age based on the LADs of Mizukidella kamoensis and Hemicyrtocapsa carpathica and FADs of Transhuum brevicostatum , Cinguloturris cf. carpathica , Loopus venustus and Protunuma turbo within the UAZ 6–7 Zone. The Middle Jurassic radiolarites are also interbedded in the pillow lavas of the BMOC. In addition to common species of the UAZ 6–7 Zone (e.g., Transhuum maxwelli , Eucyrtidiellum unumaense , Unuma gordus ), they also contain the species Takemuraella veghae and Eoxitus cf. baloghi, which are limited to the Bathonian. Considering the radiolarites from the pillow basalts, the OOC and BMOC are interpreted as the mélanges with the reworked clasts of the Middle Triassic to Lower Jurassic radiolarites, but also with the Middle Jurassic radiolarites. The Middle Triassic radiolarites of the OOC and the Lower Jurassic radiolarites of the BMOC represent rare remnants after the closure of the Middle Triassic to Lower Jurassic Maliac Ocean of the Neo - tethys. The newly-formed Neotethyan oceanic crust was terminated by the Middle Jurassic radiolarian deposition in an inferred fore-arc/back-arc basin until the Bathonian to early Callovian.

A genomic and transcriptomic analysis of patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma reveals clinically relevant patterns of nongenetic evolution, including progressive immune dysfunction and cGAS–STING suppression.

Hazard vulnerability assessment of critical infrastructures (CIs) is crucial for ranking infrastructures based on their level of criticality, enabling the urban managers to prioritize CIs for allocating funds in the hazard mitigation/recovery process. This study aims to provide a framework for ranking CIs based on a rapid and preliminary flood vulnerability assessment by introducing a methodology for classifying CIs according to their vulnerability to riverine flooding. An indicator‐based vulnerability curve is calculated both quantitatively (using Fuzzy Logic Toolbox in MATLAB) and qualitatively (using susceptibility–exposure matrix), based on which CIs prioritization is accomplished with a focus on functional flood vulnerability considering structural/nonstructural damages. Besides, this study addresses the consequences that a damaged infrastructure may have on the rest of CIs and estimates their vulnerability given the additive impact of the surrounding failed infrastructures considering their interdependence. The methodology was applied to Berat (Albania) and Sarajevo (Bosnia‐Herzegovina) with findings compared to those of a multi‐criteria decision‐making‐based approach commonly used in CI ranking literature. The obtained results from both methods represent that roads are the most vulnerable studied infrastructure in the case of Berat, while regarding the city of Sarajevo, road infrastructures are considered the least vulnerable to riverine floods compared to bridges and schools.