The play in numerous philosophical, literary-theoretical, and artistic texts is recognized as a constituent part of life and as one of the vital determinations of a human being. This Paper perceives the play as a fundamental principle that permeates all levels of the texts in the selected examples in the literature for children and youth of Ljubica Ostojić. We will show how Ljubica Ostojić takes the play and artistic creation as a thematic-conceptual base of her texts, focusing on structural, semantic, and language aspects of its presence in the text. The analyzed texts of Ljubica Ostojić are a helpful example of the accomplished correlation of the reality between the child and the world with elements of a fantastic discourse. In the parallel existence of realistic and fantastic, deconstructing the traditional children's literature, the author writes various types of texts for children and youth, which share the seeming disharmony and complexity of the structure.

This paper aims to describe lexicographic strategies for treating loanwords from Arabic, Persian, and Turkish in a productive bilingual Bosnian-German dictionary. In terms of number, stylistic and cultural features, those words significantly characterize the Bosnian language. In lexicography, they have the status of cultural-bound words with a high degree of anisomorphism. We will look into their description in existing monolingual and bilingual dictionaries as well as into their equivalents in literary translations to propose more suitable equivalents. In this paper, we focus in particular on lexicographic treatment strategies of partial and zero equivalence, taking into account the deep cultural embeddedness of Arabic, Turkish and Persian loanwords in the Bosnian language. It will be shown that specific concepts such as “tekija”, for which the German language has no word, and the existing bilingual dictionary provides an equivalent „Muslim monastery“ (Jakić & Hurm 1992: 1053), can be treated by combined strategies to obtain more suitable equivalents, such as the incorporation of the source item into the target language with an additional explanation as well as an explanatory equivalent.

Creative self-concept is a construct that refers to the self-assessment of one's creativity, and it consists of two dimensions, creative identity, and creative self-efficiency. Creative identity determines how important creative potential is to a person, and creative self-efficacy represents faith in personal creative abilities. Since the Short Scale of Creative Self-Concept (SSCS) was not validated on a sample of respondents from Bosnia and Herzegovina, this study aims to validate and verify the metric characteristics of the scale. The sample consisted of 238 students from different faculties from BiH, aged 19 to 46 (M = 22.21; SD = 3.27). Using a two-way procedure from English, 11 items that make up the SSCS scale were translated: 5 items examine creative identity, and 6 creative self-efficacy. The SSCS scale as a whole has good reliability (α = .904) as well as representativeness (KMO = .908). At the subscale level, these values are also satisfactory: for creative identity (α = .902; KMO = .871), and for creative self-efficacy (α = .823; KMO = .776). Convergent and criterion validity was confirmed by a high correlation between the total score on the SSCS scale and scores on the personality dimension Openness to Experience (r = .680) and scores on the Creativity Self-Assessment Questionnaire (r = .768). Exploratory factor analysis, with Promax rotation, retained two factors that together explain 68.03% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis tested three models: Model 1 - the original version of the scale with one dimension; Model 2 - the original version of the scale with two dimensions; Model 3 - the abbreviated version of the scale with two dimensions. As Model 3 (in which problematic items were omitted) was the only one with adequate matching parameters (χ2/df =3.357; CFI = .964; TLI = .948; RMSEA = .103), the metric characteristics of the shortened version of the scale were rechecked and showed that everything is satisfactory, except discrimination. The conclusion is that an abbreviated version of the scale can be applied, but also that it would be useful to conduct a new validation study in which all items from the scale would be retained, with linguistic modification of claims that were problematic in this study.

Correspondence as a source for the study of literary, cultural, and political circumstances and events in Bosnia has not received an appropriate place in the humanities and social sciences because the letters are treated exclusively in the field of privacy. However, letters are sometimes a first-class source for presenting an image of a particular period or event, especially if it is interesting to determine how a particular person or group understands events or processes in society and culture. Studying the letters would open a different perspective on some events since it is often about an "informal" form of communication. In the framework of Bosnian studies, the so-called "letters from the border/krajišnička pisma" (Muhamed Nezirović and Lejla Nakaš) have been the most comprehensively studied, with slightly fewer letters in oriental languages (Sabaheta Gačanin), while letters from the 20th century (Hamid Dizdar, Munir Šahinović, Alija Nametak, for example), unfortunately, did not receive proper valorization. In this paper, the correspondence of Alija Nametak between the two world wars will be presented. Considering the dispersed thematic content of the letters, they are grouped into several thematic units. Letters about Safvet-beg Bašagić, letters about political censorship of articles and literary and artistic works, and correspondence with Slavists throughout Europe especially stand out. The letters were linked to other texts (co-text) that were in the broadest sense related to the topics of the letters. We tried to present as much as possible the events to which the letters referred. We also pay attention to the need to renew the study of Bosnian archival and documentary material, especially in the study of the history of literature.

Predicting the clinical behavior and trajectory of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) by histologic features has so far proven to be challenging. It is known that ChRCC represents a heterogeneous group of neoplasms demonstrating variable, yet distinctive morphologic and genetic profiles. In this international multi-institutional study, we aimed to assess the impact of histologic diversity in ChRCC (classic/eosinophilic versus rare subtypes) on survival outcome. This is an international multi-institutional matched case-control study including 14 institutions, examining the impact of histologic subtypes of ChRCC on survival outcome. The study group (cases) included 89 rare subtypes of ChRCC. The control group consisted of 70 cases of ChRCC including classic and eosinophilic features, age- and tumor size-matched. Most of the rare subtypes were adenomatoid cystic/pigmented ChRCC (66/89, 74.2%), followed by multicystic ChRCC (10/89, 11.2%), and papillary ChRCC (9/89, 10.1%). In the control group, there were 62 (88.6%) classic and 8 (11.4%) eosinophilic ChRCC. There were no statistically significant differences between the study and control groups for age at diagnosis, gender distribution, tumor size, presence of tumor necrosis, presence of sarcomatoid differentiation, and adverse outcomes. No statistically significant differences were found in clinical outcome between the rare subtypes and classic/eosinophilic groups by tumor size, necrosis, and sarcomatoid differentiation. Further, no statistically significant differences were found in clinical outcome between the two groups, stratified by tumor size, necrosis, and sarcomatoid differentiation. Our findings corroborated previous studies that both sarcomatoid differentiation and tumor necrosis were significantly associated with poor clinical outcome in classic/eosinophilic ChRCC, and this was proven to be true for ChRCC with rare histologic subtypes as well. This study suggests that rare morphologic patterns in ChRCC without other aggressive features play no role in determining the clinical behavior of the tumor.

Characteristics of the vibrations of rotational systems with misalignment and rotating looseness are well known and they are used for fault detection in the rotating machinery. For the better understanding and easier decision make in the fault removing process it is necessary to know how severe each fault is. Lack of procedures for quantification of this faults in rotational machinery is evident. In this paper is investigated the possibility for use of multiple regression analysis for determination of quantity of faults in vibration velocity signal. An experimental motor – coupling – rotor system is created and produced. These systems have capability of changing the values of misalignment and rotational looseness. Measurement of vibrational quantities were conducted on these systems by using piezoelectrical accelerometers for different combinations of fault values. All measurements were stored and processed digitally. All measurements have shown the presence of the main characteristics of introduced faults. It is confirmed that it is not possible to use RMS (root mean square) of vibration velocity, since there is a lot of other factors which has significant impact on the vibration quantity.

Conflicts increasingly waged at the request of one's ego are taking on socially significant proportions. The real manifestation of ethics pays attribute to wisdom. Pedagogical activities complemented by wisdom help students use knowledge to promote the idea of the common good. Therefore, we believe that the development of wisdom should become a vital goal of upbringing and education. In the research, we tried to determine whether the components of clever thinking are integrated into the curricular content of subjects. The analysis showed that reflective, dialogical, and dialectical thinking, as components of wise thinking, are not significantly involved in the curriculum for high school. The paper aims to understand the phenomenon of wisdom, contribute to the enrichment of literature, and also provide a theoretical framework that will apply to future research. It pointed out the need to change the dominant paradigm in the teaching process and offered indications of the education of wisdom through three forms of teaching; teaching about wisdom, teaching for wisdom and teaching with wisdom.

During ethnographic research into newly established suburbs around Sarajevo, which are mainly inhabited by Srebrenica’s population who survived the persecution and genocide of 1995, I had the task of recording certain lifestyle changes of these refugees. This paper analyses the oral literary lyrical heritage of the Srebrenica region, ie. oral songs which were remembered mostly by women. Since I was myself one of those populations I relied on my personal experience that expanded my insight into more detailed knowledge, as well as the various circumstances that shaped the way of life of my respondents. On the other hand, the research aimed, among other things, to examine the role of Srebrenica women in the memory of the intangible cultural heritage of their region in recent times. First, I considered women’s self-organizing as a response to the genocide and the consequent absence of male family members and community leaders. Then I draw upon my research to consider the impact of these activities on collective attitudes toward the memory of the Srebrenicas' former spiritual life examining the presence of traditional and oral patterns in everyday life. The paper relies on interpretative and analytical methods of the science of literature.

Questions about cognitive aging are inherent questions about why individuals of different ages or from different subpopulations differ from each other and how these differences change over time. One of the main goals of cognitive gerontology is to describe how cognitive abilities change over time and to link these changes with brain aging. When we talk about the cognitive deterioration in the elderly, we have to consider great individual differences in cognitive functioning, that are greater than in the earlier period of life. In neurophysiology, significant progress has been made in mapping the brain areas responsible for changes in cognitive functioning; whether biological weakening will manifest in our behavior is greatly determined by life experiences and habits. Emotional stability, openness to experience, higher level of education, higher socioeconomic status, enjoyment in intellectual activities through the lifespan, and better physical and mental health are positively correlated with preserved cognitive abilities among older adults.

Abstract Background CYP3A5 enzyme encoded by CYP3A5 is important for drug metabolism in gut and liver, whereas P-glycoprotein by ABCB1, is an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump which exports endo- and exogenous substances outside the cell. Aim The study was to assess the prevalence of CYP3A5 alleles: *1, *2, *3, *4, *6 and *7, and C and T of ABCB1 in Poles, Belarusians and Bosnians and to compare it with the data reported from other European populations. Subjects and methods Overall, 511 unrelated healthy subjects from Poland (n = 239), Belarus (n = 104) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (n = 168) were included in this study. Allele frequencies and statistical parameters (AMOVA version 2.9.3) were determined. Results In Poles, Belarusians and Bosnians the *3 allele of CYP3A5 was the most common, and wild-type allele *1, were: 5.8%, 1.6% and 2.1%, respectively. Allele *2 was very rare, and alleles *4, *6 and *7 were not detected. For the populations mentioned above, the ABCB1 allele C was: 48.1%, 51.4%, 52.4%, respectively. Conclusion In compared populations, the distribution of CYP3A5 variants but not ABCB1, differed significantly. Alleles *4, *6 and *7 of CYP3A5 did not occur or occurred rarely.

This study analyzes how service-learning contributes to the level of commitment to environmental sustainability in higher education institutions (HEIs), as perceived by their students. The empirical analysis has been conducted by using the PLS-SEM modelling, on a sample of 366 undergraduate students of business from Croatia and Bosnia & Herzegovina. The obtained results support the hypothesized influence of the service-learning development level on the sustainability commitment in higher education. We also consider the indirect effects within the model. They show that service-learning mediates the relationships between students’ idealism and sustainability commitment, as well as between students’ social trust and sustainability commitment. Implications of obtained empirical results for theory and higher education practice are discussed. The potential for generalizing results for other sustainability interventions is assessed.

The aim of this research was to determine the influence of the SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio on the specific commercial properties of NaA zeolite subtypes as final market products (4A,4A-AG and 4A-MS) under the real production and process conditions. The value of the SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio, so-called silicate module, was set as independently variable and the effect on the physical and chemical properties of each of the subtypes of NaA zeolites was examined. The paper investigates how the SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio affects specific properties of NaA powders, namely the ion exchange capacity, oil adsorption capacity and water adsorption capacity. Some previous theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the molar ratio plays a crucial role in the formation of these very similar but for final application different subtypes of NaA zeolite. The experimental part of this work was performed and tested in real production conditions, which can be considered as an advantage in relevance to the obtained results. Various analytical and instrumental testing methods were used for the analysis of the obtained powders, including SEM, XRD and PSD analyses.

This study explores the phenomenon of sexting among college students through a qualitative research design. Participants took part in online synchronous focus groups where they were asked twelve open-ended questions about their experiences with sexting. Overall, 49 Croatian and Bosnia and Herzegovinian students participated in five focus groups. Participants defined sexting as an exchange of sexually explicit content underpinned by a range of motives. Relational motive was seen as the most prevalent reason for sending ones’ own sexts, while the ‘harm motive’ was identified for posting/sharing sexts of other people without their permission. Young persons expressed positive views toward sending their own sexts, particularly if sexting was voluntary and with a trusted person. Posting and/or sharing someone sextswithout the permission of the person depicted in that material or blackmailing someone with posting and/or sharing their sexts were often perceived negatively. Participants noted a number of advantages related to sexting in terms of increasing relationship satisfaction, but also disadvantages related to the risk of distributing sexts to others, or feelings of guilt associated with distributing other people’s sexts. In conclusion, this study contributes to the extant research on sexting by providing perspectives of young persons from Croatian and Bosnian and Herzegovinian regions.

As different scientific disciplines begin to converge on machine learning for causal inference, we demonstrate the application of machine learning algorithms in the context of longitudinal causal estimation using electronic health records. Our aim is to formulate a marginal structural model for estimating diabetes care provisions in which we envisioned hypothetical (i.e. counterfactual) dynamic treatment regimes using a combination of drug therapies to manage diabetes: metformin, sulfonylurea and SGLT-2i. The binary outcome of diabetes care provisions was defined using a composite measure of chronic disease prevention and screening elements [27] including (i) primary care visit, (ii) blood pressure, (iii) weight, (iv) hemoglobin A1c, (v) lipid, (vi) ACR, (vii) eGFR and (viii) statin medication. We used several statistical learning algorithms to describe causal relationships between the prescription of three common classes of diabetes medications and quality of diabetes care using the electronic health records contained in National Diabetes Repository. In particular, we generated an ensemble of statistical learning algorithms using the SuperLearner framework based on the following base learners: (i) least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, (ii) ridge regression, (iii) elastic net, (iv) random forest, (v) gradient boosting machines, and (vi) neural network. Each statistical learning algorithm was fitted using the pseudo-population generated from the marginalization of the time-dependent confounding process. Covariate balance was assessed using the longitudinal (i.e. cumulative-time product) stabilized weights with calibrated restrictions. Our results indicated that the treatment drop-in cohorts (with respect to metformin, sulfonylurea and SGLT-2i) may have improved diabetes care provisions in relation to treatment naïve (i.e. no treatment) cohort. As a clinical utility, we hope that this article will facilitate discussions around the prevention of adverse chronic outcomes associated with type II diabetes through the improvement of diabetes care provisions in primary care.

A range of the distinctive physical properties, comprising high surface-to-volume ratio, possibility to achieve mechanical and chemical stability after a tailored treatment, controlled quantum confinement and the room-temperature photoluminescence, combined with mass production capabilities offer porous silicon unmatched capabilities required for the development of electro-optical devices. Yet, the mechanism of the charge carrier dynamics remains poorly controlled and understood. In particular, non-radiative recombination, often the main process of the excited carrier's decay, has not been adequately comprehended to this day. Here we show, that the recombination mechanism critically depends on the composition of surface passivation. That is, hydrogen passivated material exhibits Shockley-Read-Hall type of decay, while for oxidised surfaces, it proceeds by two orders of magnitude faster and exclusively through the Auger process. Moreover, it is possible to control the source of recombination in the same sample by applying a cyclic sequence of hydrogenation-oxidation-hydrogenation processes, and, consequently switching on-demand between Shockley-Read-Hall and Auger recombinations. Remarkably, irregardless of the recombination mechanism, the rate constant scales inversely with the average volume of individual silicon nanocrystals contained in the material. Thus, the type of the non-radiative recombination is established by the composition of the passivation, while its rate depends on the degree of the charge carriers' quantum confinement.