Introduction: Brain MRI scans can predict neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates treated with therapeutic hypothermia. It is a common clinical practice to perform brain MRI before discharge, but brain MRI scans performed at around four months of age have a better prognostic value for a long-term neurological outcome in asphyxiated neonates. Aim: To identify which of three selected clinical parameters (oral feeding ability, muscle tone, history of seizure) evaluated 10 days after therapeutic hypothermia could predict the primary outcome of an abnormal brain MRI. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of neonates ≥ 36 completed weeks of gestation consecutively treated with therapeutic hypothermia who underwent brain MRI. Clinical parameters on day 10 after therapeutic hypothermia were correlated with brain MRI findings in the first 7-14 days of life. Logic regression analysis was performed using all three covariates of the clinical status, with an abnormal MRI as the primary outcome. Results: Brain MRI was abnormal in 42 (51.85 %) neonates with the following distribution of brain injury patterns: abnormal signal in the basal nuclei in 6, an abnormal signal in the cortex in 16, an abnormal signal both in the cortex and basal nuclei in 20 neonates. Out of three analyzed clinical parameters, feeding difficulty (P < 0.001, OR 8.3, 95% CI 2.9 - 28.9) and a history of seizures (P < 0.001, OR 11.95, 95% CI 3 - 44.5) were significantly associated with an abnormal MRI.  Conclusion: Neonates who were capable of full oral feeding by day 10 after therapeutic hypothermia and had no history of seizures were unlikely to have an abnormal MRI. This may be used in selective planning of pre-discharge MRI in asphyxiated neonates.

Introduction: Burns, depending on the degree of severity, induce a significant pathophysiological response in the body. The complement system participates in the body's defenses as well as in immune responses after burn-induced trauma. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to examine how burn severity affects serum C3 and serum C4 complement values; whether burn severity correlates with serum C3 and C4 complement, and establish the predictive value of the serum C3 complement and serum C4 complement for assessing the severity of the burn.  Patients and methods: According to the degree of TBSA, patients were classified into three groups: group with %TBSA<15% (30 patients), group with %TBSA >15% -25% (30 patients), and group with %TBSA > 25% to 40% (30 patients). According to the depth of burns, patients were classified into two groups partial-thickness burns (39 patients) and full-thickness burns (51 patients). We followed laboratory parameters: value serum C3 complement and serum C4 complement on the first and seventh day after burn trauma. Results: Serum C3 complement was significantly lower in patients with %TBSA>25%-40% and in the group with %TBSA>15%-25% compared to patients with %TBSA<15% on the first and seventh day after burn trauma. Serum C3 complement was significantly lower in patients with %TBSA >15%-25% compared to patients with %TBSA<15% on day one and day seven after burn trauma. Serum complement C4 was not significantly different between burn groups on the first and seventh day. Full-thickness burns have significantly lower levels of serum complement C3, compared to partial-thickness burns, on the 1st and 7th day. Full-thickness burns result in a decrease in serum C4 complement compared to partial-thickness burns on the 7th day after burn trauma, but this decrease is not significant. On the 1st day after burn trauma, we found a negative correlation between %TBSA with serum C3 complement. Serum C4 complement was not correlated with %TBSA on the day 1st. Conclusions: %TBSA and depth of burn result in a significant decrease in serum C3 complement but not serum C4 complement. There is a negative correlation of %TBSA and C3 complement but not serum C4 complement on the 1st day after burn trauma. Serum C3 complement is a significant predictor of burn severity. The predictory significance of the C4 complement is not statistically significant.

Jet quenching is the process of color-charged partons losing energy via interactions with quark-gluon plasma droplets created in heavy-ion collisions. The collective expansion of such droplets is well described by viscous hydrodynamics. Similar evidence of collectivity is consistently observed in smaller collision systems, including pp and p+Pb collisions. In contrast, while jet quenching is observed in Pb+Pb collisions, no evidence has been found in these small systems to date, raising fundamental questions about the nature of the system created in these collisions. The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider has measured the yield of charged hadrons correlated with reconstructed jets in 0.36  nb^{-1} of p+Pb and 3.6  pb^{-1} of pp collisions at 5.02 TeV. The yields of charged hadrons with p_{T}^{ch}>0.5  GeV near and opposite in azimuth to jets with p_{T}^{jet}>30 or 60 GeV, and the ratios of these yields between p+Pb and pp collisions, I_{pPb}, are reported. The collision centrality of p+Pb events is categorized by the energy deposited by forward neutrons from the struck nucleus. The I_{pPb} values are consistent with unity within a few percent for hadrons with p_{T}^{ch}>4  GeV at all centralities. These data provide new, strong constraints that preclude almost any parton energy loss in central p+Pb collisions.

The cholecystokinin-2 receptor (CCK2R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is expressed in peripheral tissues and the central nervous system and constitutes a promising target for drug development in several diseases, such as gastrointestinal cancer. The search for ligands of this receptor over the past years mainly resulted in the discovery of a set of distinct synthetic small molecule chemicals. Here, we carried out a pharmacological screening of cyclotide-containing plant extracts using HEK293 cells transiently-expressing mouse CCK2R, and inositol phosphate (IP1) production as a readout. Our data demonstrated that cyclotide-enriched plant extracts from Oldenlandia affinis, Viola tricolor and Carapichea ipecacuanha activate the CCK2R as measured by the production of IP1. These findings prompted the isolation of a representative cyclotide, namely caripe 11 from C. ipecacuanha for detailed pharmacological analysis. Caripe 11 is a partial agonist of the CCK2R (Emax = 71%) with a moderate potency of 8.5 µM, in comparison to the endogenous full agonist cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8; EC50 = 11.5 nM). The partial agonism of caripe 11 is further characterized by an increase on basal activity (at low concentrations) and a dextral-shift of the potency of CCK-8 (at higher concentrations) following its co-incubation with the cyclotide. Therefore, cyclotides such as caripe 11 may be explored in the future for the design and development of cyclotide-based ligands or imaging probes targeting the CCK2R and related peptide GPCRs.

For Utilities, each substation is regarded as an asset. Managing of assets is one of domains of Asset Management including Life Cycle Costing (LCC) as a decision-making criterion. However, LCC as a decision-making criterion should be applied on an entire substation taking into account all of the potential cost influences for the purpose of achieving of an effective substation management. Asset management as a decision-making process should be observed within a larger context and should be more focused on risk management, as all real decisions include an element of risk due to present uncertainties. Two promising avenues are explored in regards to more comprehensive and rigorous up-front planning through usage of Information Technology (IT). While up-front planning falls under the domain of Lean philosophy, Building Information Modeling (BIM) falls under the category of agile decision-support tools. Utilization of both is explored from a perspective of design-uncertainties under both product and process design. Standard specifications and standard designs are another form of applied Lean Philosophy that reduces design-uncertainty and variability. However, a range of technical solutions stemming out of the standardization can be quite wide. Customization involves specification and design of new / innovative designs with wide range of technical solutions as well. Due to external pressures focused on shortening of the project delivery time, there is a need for a faster project time throughput. This is reflected in the form of a requirement for more rapid engineering decision-making and faster decision cycles. Streamlining of a decision-making process related to the engineering is all about engineers’ awareness of the situation from the project level perspective coupled with utilization of decision-support tools for creation and reuse of knowledge. Plan – Do – Study – Orient (PDSO) cycle is a decision-making model that supports creation and reusability of knowledge along with providing an explanation in regards to the time dimension relating to decision-making, and as such is presented in this paper. The rigid busbar system design is an iterative process influenced by many factors, defined either as design variables or design constraints. As rigid busbars are gaining more popularity for both greenfield and brownfield investments, the rigid busbar system design is explored from a perspective of decision-making streamlining. The case of the rigid busbar system design of El Chaparral project in El Salvador is given.

Aim To investigate the influence of specific intrapopulation genetic structures on interpopulation relationships. Special focus was the influence of island population isolation on the substructuring of the Croatian population, and the influence of regional population groups on the substructuring of Southeast European populations. Methods Autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci were analyzed by using four forensic parameters: matching probability (PM), power of discrimination (PD), power of exclusion (PE), and polymorphic information content (PIC) on a sample of 2877 unrelated participants of both sexes. A sample set comprising 590 participants was analyzed for the first time, and 2287 participants were included from previous studies. The analysis was performed with PowerStats v. 1.2. Results The analysis of forensic parameters for all nine loci in the Croatian subpopulations showed the largest deviations in the populations of the islands of Korčula and Hvar. The smallest deviations were found in the mainland population. As for Southeast European populations, the largest deviations were found in the population of North Macedonia, followed by Romania, Albanians from Kosovo, and Montenegro, while the smallest deviations were found in the population of Hungary. Conclusion The comparison of forensic parameters between different subpopulations of Croatia and Southeast Europe indicates that the isolation of individual Croatian subpopulations and rare alleles in their gene pool affect the values of forensic parameters. Specific features of (sub)populations should be taken into account for appropriate sampling of the total population when creating a DNA database of STR markers.

Aim To use the method of meta-analysis to assess the influence of island population isolation on the sub-structuring of the Croatian population, as well as the influence of regional population groups on the sub-structuring of the Southeastern European population with regard to basic population genetic statistical parameters calculated by using STR locus analysis. Methods Bio-statistical analyses were performed for 2877 unrelated participants of both sexes from Southeastern Europe. Nine autosomal STR loci (D3S1358, vWA, FGA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, and D7S82) were analyzed by using standard F-statistics and population structure analysis (Structure software). Results Genetic differentiation of Croatian subpopulations assessed with the FST method was higher at the level of the Croatian population (0.005) than at the level of Southeastern Europe (0.002). The island of Vis showed the most pronounced separation in the Croatian population, and Albanians from Kosovo in the population of Southeast Europe, followed by Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Hungary. Conclusion The higher structure of Croatian subpopulations in relation to Southeastern Europe suggest a certain degree of genetic isolation, most likely due to the influence of endogamy within rural island populations.

Abstract The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) performed by the World Bank is an indicator of the logistics environment quality of a country in which logistics operators act. The LPI is an interactive tool designed to help countries identify challenges, innovative solutions, and opportunities they face in their work in the field of trade and logistics. The aim of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis and ranking of the LPI of the countries in the Western Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Albania, Serbia and Montenegro), calculated by the World Bank for 2018, using an integrated Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC)-Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS) model and thus show the real picture of the logistics environment. In order to determine the performance of countries and show the overall logistics performance, six key dimensions are used: customs, infrastructure, international transport, logistics capability, tracking and tracing of goods and shipment delivery within scheduled or expected times. Using the CRITIC method, the weight values of the previously mentioned six criteria were calculated, whereby the criterion related to shipment delivery within scheduled times was singled out as the most significant criterion. Then, by applying the MARCOS method, the countries of the Western Balkans were ranked on the basis of the six defined criteria. Based on the results obtained, the best-ranked country is Serbia. The analysis of the sensitivity of the results to changes in the significance of the criteria does not show significant changes in the ranking.

Background: Nowadays, most women of reproductive age utilize various methods of contraception to avoid undesired pregnancy and regulate menstrual cycles. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate current sexual patterns, menstrual health status and use of contraceptive methods in reproductive aged females in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the period between February 21st and March 5th 2022 via an online anonymous questionnaire which was distributed using social media platforms. Results: Menstrual periods were normally regular in 269 (85.7 %) of the females, whereas 45 (14.3 %) experienced irregular menstrual cycles. Females report having either one sexual partner 149 (47.5%) or no sexual partners 76 (24.2%) and typically no 92 (29.3%) or frequent (more than 8 sexual intercourses) sexual intercourses per month. The usage of contraceptive methods was reported among the majority 212 (67.5%) and mostly by using of male condom 104 (33.1%), followed by the withdrawal method 64 (20.4%), oral contraceptive pills 35 (11.1%), emergency contraceptive pills “after 24h” 2 (0.6%) and intrauterine device 7 (2.2%). The usage of contraceptive methods was higher among younger females (X2=18.07, p<0.001) and among those who were employed (X2=10.86, p<0.001). Those who used oral contraceptive pills used mostly pills that are combination of progesterone and oestrogen 32 (91.4%) and for the purpose of regulation of menstrual cycles 26 (74.2%) and to prevent unwanted pregnancies 9 (25.8%). Females who had no sexual intercourses per month (OR+0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.79, p=0.018) were less likely, while those who had irregular menstrual cycles (OR=2.44, 95% CI 1.04-5.71, p=0.039) were more prone to use oral contraceptive pills. Conclusion: Bosnia and Herzegovina reproductive aged female had relatively regular menstrual cycles, the majority used modern contraceptive methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies or for the regulation of menstrual cycles during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: COVID-19 has different presentations from mild flu like symptoms such as anosmia, dysgeusia, fever, sore throat, cough, dyspnea, headache, abdominal pain and diarrhoea to severe COVID-19 with the development of acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, metabolic acidosis, coagulation dysfunction, multiorgan failure or even death. Objective: The aim of this research project was to present and highlight the outcomes of the vaccination against COVID-19 and the widespread use of antibiotics during the initial admission and treatment of COVID-19 patients in out of hospital settings. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted between September 1st and September 24th 2021, during the fourth wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Bosnia and Herzegovina, among the patients admitted to the primary health care COVID-19 centre of Canton Sarajevo in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results: Patients were mostly female 213 (53.3%), with a mean age of 48.8±18.6, with hypertension 129 (32.3%) or diabetes mellitus 35 (8.7%) as comorbidities and being COVID-19 unvaccinated 236 (59.0%) COVID-19 unvaccinated patients expressed more fever (X2=9.93, p<0.05), had typical COVID-19 chest X ray presentation (X2=6.08, p<0.05) and abnormal lung auscultation sounds (X2=5.43, p<0.05). Out of all patients, 312 (78.0%) have received antibiotics and 3 (0.75%) antivirotics such as favipiravir as therapy for the treatment of COVID-19. The mean duration of the antibiotic regime was 10.2 ± 7.5 days with a minimum of 3 days and maximum of 62 days. The minimum CRP value when antibiotics were prescribed was 0.1 (ref. value <5mg/l). The most prescribed antibiotic was doxycycline 172 (43.0%), followed by ceftriaxone 139 (34.7%) and azithromycin 108 (27.0%). Conclusion: Our study showed that vaccination acts protective for the development of severe COVID-19 forms, as well as that antibiotics were overused among COVID-19 infected. The outcome of such malpractice could lead to antimicrobial resistance which will be seen in further years. Governmental agencies should advise physicians to change these trends.

Abstract Background: Owing to the heaviness of setbacks and shocks companies frequently face from the internal/external business environment, building solid organizational resilience and shifting towards strategic sustainability have become the top demands in today’s wavering business world. Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether strategic sustainability orientation influences organizational resilience and how this relationship is moderated by firm size. Methods/Approach: This study uses a methodology structured around the stakeholder theory and embraces multiple regression analysis grounded on collected data from 124 enterprises in Bosnia and Herzegovina ambience. Results: Findings from the research revealed that strategic sustainability orientation significantly and positively influences organizational resilience and its three sub-components: anticipation, coping and adaptation capabilities. Results also uncovered that the Small size firms were significantly diverse from the Large and Medium size firms in terms of the influence of strategic sustainability orientation on three capabilities of organizational resilience. Conclusions: In addition to literature enriching in sustainability and organization by supplying empirical evidence of strategic sustainability orientation influence on organizational resilience, this study proposes and validates instruments for measuring strategic sustainability orientation and organizational resilience.

The goal of this research is to evaluate the effects of applied kinesiological activities of different extensions on the transformation of basal-motor abilities of boys. The sample of respondents is represented by boys, students of VII, VIII and IX grades of primary school. „21. March "Matuzići - Doboj South. The total sample consists of a set of 76 respondents classified into three distinct groups. Based on the boys' statements about their participation in everyday physical activities, groups with the numbering were defined through non-athletes: non-athletes-1, recreational athletes-2 and athletes-3. To assess the basic motor skills of the respondents, the variables according to the Eurofit battery test program were used, as follows: Flamingo balance, endurance in the joint, lying-sitting, running 10 × 5m (back and forth), hand tapping, hand dynamometry, flexibility-mobility at the hip joint, jumping away from the spot and running 20m back and forth with progressive acceleration. The results of univariate covariance analysis showed high significance in endurance assessment tests (SHATL 20 and SHATL 10 × 5), followed by static arm strength (MSSIZG), and hand strength (MSSDIN) and torso flexibility (MFLPRK) and balance (MRFLAM). Statistically significant differences in effects did not occur with the three variables, namely hand tapping ( MBFTAR), long jump (MESSDM) or squat-sitting (MRSLSJ). Keywords: Boys, basic motor skills, kinesiological activities, extensibility

Background: Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Blood pressure control rates are as low as 17% to 31% in patients diagnosed with hypertension in high-income countries; control rates are likely poorer in low- to middle- and low-income countries. Blood pressure control rates are as low as 17% to 31% in patients diagnosed with hypertension in high-income countries; control rates are likely poorer in low- to middle- and low- income countries. Overall, 43% to 66% of patients fail to adhere to their prescribed antihypertensive medications, and after 1 year, ≈40% of patients with hypertension may stop their initial drug treatment. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of single pill combination antihypertensive drugs on the adherence to treatment, blood pressure control and cardiovascular events vs. free-combination therapy. Methods: We enrolled 192 adult hypertensive patients not older than 79 years, with untreated or uncontrolled hypertension despite previously receiving free combination antihypertensive therapy, between November 2020 and March 2022. Patients treated with single pill combination (SPC) were compared with an arm of the same size (n = 96) and matched by age and gender who received a standard free combination (FC) antihypertensive therapy. Results: There were significant reductions from baseline to month 6 of follow-up in office SBP in the SPC group vs. reduction in FC group (21.9 vs. 13.1 mmHg; p < 0.0001). There were significant reductions from baseline to month 6 of follow-up in office DBP in the SPC group vs. group with free-combination therapy (13.7 vs. 8.0 mmHg; p < 0.0001). At 6 months, 94 participants (98%) were still prescribed the SPC therapy. At the final 6-month study visit, 84.2% of patients in the SPC therapy group were adherent to the prescribed antihypertensive therapy vs. 52% of patients in the FC group. Target BP values (mean 24h ambulatory systolic/diastolic BP < 130/80 mmHg) were reached by more recipients of SPC than free-combination therapy (78.2% vs. 46.3%, p < 0.05) at month 6 of follow-up. Conclusion: Treatment with single pill combinations (SPC), is the emerging best practice for safe, effective, rapid, and convenient hypertension control. It improves the affordability, adherence and control of arterial hypertension.