Background: Corona infection is primarily a respiratory disease, but the SARS-CoV-2 virus also penetrates other organs, causing various symptoms, including olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, which is why we can consider COVID-19 as a multisystem disease. Aim: To present review of some aspects of the olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in SARS-CoV- infection. Methods: The article has an analytical character and review of the literature. Results and Discussion: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a high similarity with SARS-CoV-1 and uses the same receptors to enter the human body (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/ACE2). COVID-19 is primarily a disease of the respiratory system, but SARS-CoV-2 also penetrates the other organs including central nervous system (CNS). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection can experience a range of clinical manifestations, from no symptoms to critical illness. The entry of the virus into the brain can lead to different neurological and psychiatric manifestations, including loss of smell (anosmia) and the loss of taste (ageusia). The frequency of anosmia and ageusia in patients with COVID-19 varies widely, from 10 to 65%, being the primary symptom in about 12% of patients. For now, the etiopathogenesis of anosmia and ageusia in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still unknown. Most of the analyzed subjects reported olfactory recovery. However, anosmia and ageusia can last several months or even longer. While most patients are expected to recover their sense of smell or taste within the first three months, a major subpopulation of patients might develop long lasting dysfunction. Although a substantial proportion of patients with Covid-19 might develop long lasting of diferent level of ansomia and ageusia it is uncertain what proportion of patients develop persistent dysfunction. Anosmia/ageusia can be as an important risk factor for fog, anxiety, and depression that may show a prolonged and/or delayed impact. However, we do not yet know what long-term effects these disorders may have on the central nervous system and mental health in general. Conclusion: The COVID-19 is primarily a disease of the respiratory system, but SARS-CoV-2 also penetrates other organs (multisystem disease), causing various symptoms, including olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The frequency of anosmia and ageusia in patients with COVID-19 is common but according to different papaers varies widely, from 10 to 65%, being the primary symptom in about 12% of patients. Most of the analyzed subjects reported olfactory recovery. However, anosmia and ageusia can last several months or even longer. We do not yet know what long-term consequences these disorders may have on the central nervous system and mental health in general.

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the primary treatment options in cancer management, together with surgery and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is technologically complex discipline involving professionals with various specialties, and using high energy radiation in treatment of wide range of different cancer types. Technical complexity, increasing number of patients, large workload, and delivery of radiation therapy treatment with lack of human, technical and financial resources in low and middle income countries creates environment with great potential to develop incidents. Emerging need of modern radiation therapy is to develop preventive approach to risk management i to improve the patient safety. Objective: The objective of this research is to identify and assess risk associated with radiation therapy practice in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: An anonymous, voluntary electronic on-line radiation therapy incident reporting system (IRS) was created. IRS consists of four sections containing questions about working environment, incident occurrence, root causes and contributing factors, and incident severity assessment. Data collected using IRS were used to create taxonomy of incidents in radiation therapy. Risk assessment was made using Risk Matrix method. Research was made using the data collected from first 60 incidents reported to IRS. Results: Based on probability and frequency of incident occurrence and severity of consequences, it was assessed that 41.7% of incidents had low risk level (L), 50% of incidents had moderate risk level (M), and 8.3% of incidents had high risk level (H). Radiation therapy risk profile based on risk assessment results clearly shows that incidents with low frequency, low occurrence probability, but high consequences severity level have highest level of risk. Conclusion: The results of this research confirm that the electronic on-line radiation therapy IRS allows the identification and classification of the most significant risk factors in radiotherapy and prevention of serious incidents occurrence.

Background: Consuming a diet rich in natural foods that include oilseed products containing bioactive compounds and a diverse array of fatty acids is not just a dietary choice; it is a critical element of maintaining human health. Objective: This paper aims to review the current state of knowledge on minor bioactive compounds in vegetable cold pressed oils, these are substances that are found in small amounts in vegetable cold pressed oils. Methods: Intended as an indispensable resource, this review is designed to empower medical professionals in the fields of integrative medicine, nutrition, and dietetics. Results and Discussion: Cold-pressed oils extracted from various plant sources have emerged as vital allies in the battle against inflammation-related diseases, offering a versatile range of valuable compounds. These compounds contribute to the oils' multifaceted properties, which encompass potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects, greatly enhancing their nutritional significance. This brief review delves deep into the intricate composition of cold-pressed oils, with a specific focus on the often overlooked but highly influential minor bioactive compounds, including phytosterols, phospholipids, tocols, phenols, squalene and pigments. Intended as an indispensable resource, this review is designed to empower medical professionals in the fields of integrative medicine, nutrition, and dietetics. It equips them with a wealth of knowledge to guide consumers in making informed choices when incorporating cold-pressed oils into their dietary plans, tailored to their individual health needs.. Conclusion: This paper highlights the importance of cold-pressed oils as a source of various minor bioactive compounds that have the potential to promote human health and prevent or manage a range of diseases. The findings presented in this paper serve as a valuable resource for medical professionals in the field of integrative medicine, nutrition, and dietetics, as well as for consumers looking to make informed choices about their dietary and health needs.

: QKD integration into traditional telecommunication networks is anticipated in the upcoming decades in order to maintain adequate levels of communication security. QKD establishes ITS (Information-Theoretic secure) symmetric keys between the two parties, which they may use to sustain secure flow of data even in the post-quantum era. Since QKD-keys are a valuable and scarce resource, they must be carefully maintained. This paper investigates DoS attacks on actual QKD equipment, in which an adversary with access to QKD services depletes the reserves of QKD-keys maintained at the KMS system. As a result, safety precautions are proposed in order to prevent this scenario and maintain operational QKD service.

: Free Space Optics (FSO) represent a promising technology for secure communications in several types of architectures: from Quantum Key Distribution Networks (QKDNs) to satellite communications. In this paper, in particular, we take into account terrestrial point-to-point laser communications and evaluate the performance in terms of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Bit Error Rate (BER), taking into account different scenarios, that can reflect real situations in which long distances can be reached in a secure way, guaranteeing an acceptable level of BER. So, after a huge campaign of simulations, we would like to let the scientific community know which are the theoretical limits that such kind of communications can reach. We take into account standard telescopes parameters (available today in the market), while configuring several real situations, in function of, for example, bit-rate, visibility, link distance, etc. A brief survey of the existing works is given, then a clearer performance evaluation of terrestrial FSO links is proposed.

Owing to the increasing engagement of service robots in everyday life, significant requirements are imposed on their control systems to ensure safe interaction between robots and humans. The stiffness of the motion executed by the service robots is not high, as with industrial robots, but has to be variable depending on the defined task. Therefore, a service robot needs to have soft actuation, delivering “human-like” motion dependant on the interaction force between the robot and its environment. Such an operation requires switching from the trajectory tracking (position control) mode to the interaction (force control) mode, and vice versa. Conventional control methods, based on hybrid position/force control, or switching between a position and force controller, may fail short in these cases. Thus, we have previously proposed a new control method, denoted as universal motion controller, that merges the position and force control into a single control structure. The control method is elaborated in this article, and its experimental validation is presented for the first time for multi-degree-of-freedom systems.

From the pure health crisis that countries faced at the very begin­ning of the COVID-19 pandemic, in later stages it led to the creation of multi­ple economic and financial vulnerabilities. When the world economies start­ed recovering from the pandemic negative impacts, Russia started its inva­sion of Ukraine. The study aims to add to the growing body of literature on the topic of crises caused by the COVID-19 and Russian–Ukraine war by ana­lyzing and comparing the volatility of the world’s leading stock market per­formance benchmarks in the pre-crisis and crisis periods. For the analysis, Levene’s test is used to check the homogeneity/heterogeneity of variances of stock market returns. Analysis shows that all indexes performed better in the Russian–Ukraine crisis compared to the COVID-19 crisis, i.e., the volatili­ty of returns of all indexes is significantly lower in the Russian-Ukraine crisis compared to the COVID-19 crisis.