The EU member states are expected to achieve an increase in recycling and preparing for the re-use of municipal waste to 70% by the year 2030, in recycling and preparing for the re-use of packaging waste to 80% by 2030, etc. This explains the government's necessity for a tool that will set the goals to be achieved as its starting point and enable a retrospective approach in developing measures to achieve these goals. This is significantly different from the forecasting approach. This paper aims to demonstrate the potential use of combination of the two methods for decision making for selection of the best scenario for achieving solid waste goals: the backcasting method and the specific multi-criteria decision aid method, in the process of development and ranking of scenarios for solid waste management and more specifically in recycling options, tested on a pilot case in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

During the semiconductor evaluation of modern Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC) devices, high quality Zero-Insertion-Force (ZIF) sockets must be used in order to measure many semiconductor parts with a single dedicated hardware. The most critical part of socket is contact between the device terminal and PCB. There are couples of technology processes that can provide solid contact between the device and the rest of the circuit, but the most common technology uses so called Pogo-pin, also called spring pin. Pogo pin must have as small as possible parasitic impedance, since the signal frequency and the signal power transfer between the PMIC terminal and the rest of the circuit must be without distortions, in order to obtain correct measurement results of tested devices. In some cases, influence of Pogo-pin parasitic impedance can lead to the partial damage of the device internal structure. This article should point to the potential problems using simulation results and should describe the simple procedure of Pogo-pin impedance characterization using network analyzer with appropriate aperture. Couples of measurements results from different Pogo-pin suppliers are also shown in this example with some practical results.

Investment is one of the most important generators for growth and development of national economies. In case of B&H there is a great need for domestic as well as international investments. Therefore, it is necessary to improve, in the first place, the legal environment including ease of company registration, unification of rules at the state level, simplification of administrative procedures etc. It could attract more domestic and international investors to invest in important projects and to improve overall economical situation in B&H. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to meet the essential requirement for successful implementation of various reforms related to macroeconomic stability, financial and technological infrastructure, openness to international trade and transparency of political and legislative environment. The Reform Agenda for Bosnia and Herzegovina was adopted in 2015 and provides, among other things, the creation of conditions and appropriate environment for increase of investments and modernization of the B&H economy, with the aim of economic growth and creation of new jobs. It also assumes strengthening the rule of law, administrative capabilities and increase efficiency in public institutions at all levels of government. In order to contribute to enforcement of this document and to present current advantages and obstacles for investments in Bosnia and Herzegovina, this paper analyzed the provisions of applicable laws relating to foreign investments and economic indicators as a consequence of such legal framework and current position of B&H. Research findings indicate that the implementation of the abovementioned structural reforms is a condition sine qua non for increase of foreign direct investments in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as for its path towards integration with the European Union.

1. INTRODUCTIONA recent report from the European Commission (2015, p. 6) finds that a minority of SMEs expands their business and the number of employees, with the SMEs creating 58% of total added value and 67% of employment in the non-financial business sector in 2014. Small business is especially important in developing countries (Rao, 2014; Ratten, 2014; Ul Haq et al., 2014 as stated in Hyder and Lussier, 2016). In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH OECD, 2014; Petkovic and Tesic, 2013). At the heart of the transitional process is entrepreneurial supporting institutions building as well as entrepreneurship and SMEs development (Hisrich et al., 2016; Trivic and Petkovic, 2015). Relevant institutions in a number of developed world economies, to a lesser or greater extent, stimulate growth and development of SMEs and entrepreneurship through adjusting business environment to defined needs of the SME sector, the rule of law or through the direct monetary incentives (Erastus et al., 2014).Unfortunately, despite all the institutional support in developed countries, the failure rate of small businesses is high globally. About 50% of new businesses fail during their first five years. Many smaller enterprises are also under increasing pressure from the companies they supply to meet new standards and design requirements linked to improved resource efficiency and recyclability (European Commission, 2013, p.10).The better understanding of reasons for entrepreneurial failure should provide additional assistance in increasing the success of new entrepreneurs, although it has been proved as difficult to predict which ventures will succeed or fail (Hyder and Lussier, 2016, p. 82). One of the main problems that SMEs are facing in transition countries such as BH Balling et al., 2009; Burk and Lehmann, 2006). There is a rather weak recovery in the SME sector, as related to entrepreneurs' access to capital (OECD, 2014). Guaranteed loans remain the most widely used instrument at governments' disposal to ease SMEs' access to finance (OECD, 2015).In the Republic of Srpska (RS), one of two B&H entities, where we have conducted empirical research, in addition to the lack of available alternative external sources of financing for start-ups and existing SMEs, such as angel investors, venture capital funds, factoring, mezzanine financing, crowdfunding, etc., there are a number of other factors, which could cause increasing failure rate of companies (Hisrich et al., 2016). During 2014, in the Republic of Srpska 3,242 new individual entrepreneurs were registered, while 4,965 were shut down. In addition, 839 new SMEs were registered, while 569 SMEs were shut down (Agency for development of small and medium-sized enterprises of the Republic of Srpska, 2015, p. 5).Although enormous efforts are being invested in order to create a conductive business environment for the growth of newly formed and development of existing SMEs, due to the impact of a number of different factors, of both internal and external nature, many companies shut down during the first years of existence (Chittithaworn et al., 2011). The most challenging problems, faced by 4,928 young businesses in the US, which were surveyed by the Kauffman Firm Survey include slow or lost sales (36 percent) and unpredictable business conditions (28 percent) (Robb and Farhat, 2013). Shut down of SMEs results from the inability of the business founders, entrepreneurs and managers to provide the company's operations over the long term in accordance with the relevant legal provisions. …

While there have been advances in the practice of education in Brazil, also observed the occurrence of education centered on the teacher's figure. One of the challenges of higher education is to create new educational models that promote the creative ability of the students, because there is a breakdown of the traditional model of education. This study aimed to identify which teaching strategy most favored the learning of Dental Radiology in a Brazilian University. A questionnaire containing seven questions concerning the teaching methods adopted in the discipline was distributed. Participated 85 students (average age 20.1 ± 1.4 years), the second half of 2014 and 2015. Of these, 16 males and 69 females. Data were tabulated and submitted to descriptive analysis in SPSS ™ 20.0. It was observed that the methods that have contributed most to student learning were fun activities (98.8%); practical class (89.4%); gymkhana organized by the monitors (69.4%); oral presentation of a scientific paper (62.4%); film on the topic of discipline (50.6%). Although the student-centered teacher be considered a failed model, the lecture, when shorter and dynamic, was considered an important tool for learning second 87.1% of the students. In addition, 98.8% said that the teacher's attitude makes a difference in the teaching-learning process. It was concluded that dynamic activities were the most favored learning. The use of creative strategies in the classroom is important in the educational process and shown to have been appreciated by the students.

Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare, primary breast cancer characterized by the apocrine morphology, estrogen receptor-negative and androgen receptor-positive profile with a frequent overexpression of Her-2/neu protein (~30%). Apart from the Her-2/neu target, advanced and/or metastatic apocrine carcinomas have limited treatment options. In this review, we briefly describe and discuss the molecular features and new theranostic biomarkers for this rare mammary malignancy. The importance of comprehensive profiling is highlighted due to synergistic and potentially antagonistic molecular events in the individual patients.