This paper traces the changes in the development of the field of knowledge management (KM) over time, through a review of the representative literature and the author’s own research. The paper starts by going back to the origins of KM and reflects on three significant evolutionary stages termed fragmentation, integration and fusion. Following these reflections on the KM past, the paper speculates on the possible KM future. It identifies three emerging trends named extension, specialization and reconceptualization that point to several possible KM futures. The first two involve decentralisation and regeneration of prior KM interpretations, while the third trend signals a revolutionary next KM generation. Irrespective of the direction it may take, the evidence presented in this paper suggests that KM has a future, although it may not be without challenges.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) among adults. CVID consists of two phenotypes – one in which infections are the characteristic and another in which impressive inflammatory and/or hematological complications also develop, including lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, autoimmune cytopenias, enteropathy, and granulomatous disease. These phenotypes appear to be stable, are related to immunological and inflammatory markers, and are predictive of outcomes. Both subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) are equally effective for replacement therapy. No data are available about specific factors affecting the quality of life related to switching from IVIG to SCIG in the Arabian Gulf area. We present the case reports of three adult CVID patients, who were shifted from IVIG to SCIG by the US conversion method (1 : 1.5). We followed-up patients for clinical outcomes, side-effects, immunoglobulin G (IgG) trough levels, annual infection rate, and quality of life using questionnaires (RAND-36) over a 3-year period. Three patients (two females and one male), with a mean age of 26 years, had received IVIG [Gamunex-C (Grifols Therapeutics Inc., NC, 27709 USA) 10%; Grifols] treatment for an average duration of 4 years and had average IgG trough levels of 7.7±2.9 g/dl. Patients were shifted to SCIG [Subcuvia (Baxalta Innovation GmbH, Vienna, Austria) 10%; Baxter] for different reasons. SCIG was administered, using an infusion pump, under medical supervision at the hospital, on a weekly basis. The average IgG trough level on SCIG was 10.4±1.5 g/dl. The annual infection rate of pneumonias, sinusitis, otitis media, and others significantly declined after switching to SCIG in all three patients. However, while on IVIG treatment, some patients reported headache and malaise, but when on the SCIG treatment the reactions were mild and infusion site-related such as erythema, swelling, and itching. Remarkably, all patients were successfully switched to SCIG with significant decrease in the annual rate of infections and a favorable steady-state of serum trough levels of IgG. The use of SCIG was generally associated with notable improvement in physical, emotional, and social health.

Sacral buildings, mosques with wooden minarets and chapel churches, Orthodox and Catholic churches, represent cultural heritage, and are representatives of wood structures in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are not only interconnected but also connected with residential architecture, making them even more interesting. These structures were for a long time neglected and placed on the margins to be forgotten. Sacral objects with wooden features retained common housing elements on one hand and the diversity is reflected in their specific characteristics. It is undoubtedly that natural influences and the human factor on wooden structures require constant monitoring and maintenance, which in the absence of finance and personnel makes it difficult to conserve and restore the traditional sacral wooden structures. This paper presents the basic data on this type of construction with the most significant details of characteristic examples.

Seizmička aktivnost u Bosni i Hercegovini (BiH) uzrokovana je postojanjem dubokih, lateralnih i reverznih rasjeda. Tektonska aktivnost ovog područja povezana je i s činjenicom da drugi po veličini pojas (Alpski pojas) prelazi preko Bosne i Hercegovine, a proteže se od Himalaja, preko Irana Turske i Grčke [1, 2, 3, 4]. Prema evromediteranskoj seizmičkoj mapi rizika, BiH se svrstava u zemlje sa srednjim stepenom seizmičkog rizika, s vršnim ubrzanjem tla (PGA) u rasponu od 0,08 do 0,24 g, dok je jugozapadni dio zemlje okarakterisan visokim rizikom (PGA>0,24 g). Konstrukcija koja je prikazana u ovom članku (vidjeti sliku 1) karakteristična je za široko područje Zapadnog Balkana, građena pedesetih i šezdesetih godina prošlog stoleća. Više detalja o tipologiji same konstrukcije može se naći na drugim mjestima [1, 2, 3, 4]. Ova vrsta nearmirane (URM) obične zidane konstrukcije izgrađena je od industrijskih opečnih elemenata, ali bez vertikalnih sekrlaža. Osjetljivost ovih konstrukcija povezana je s njihovom velikom visinom, lokacijom nosivih zidova koji se nalaze uglavnom samo u jednom pravcu i činjenicom da nema vertikalnih armiranobetonskih (AB) serklaža. Razaranje ove vrste zgrada dobro je dokumentovano nakon zemljotresa u Skoplju 1963. godine (prikazano na slici 2).