U radu su prikazani glavni parametri gradnje kamenih mostova te bitni čimbenici pri odabiru novog (zamjenskog) kamena i morta za gradnju. Opisani su rezultati laboratorijskog ispitivanja kamena i morta koji se uobičajeno koriste kod sanacije i rekonstrukcije građevina kulturno-povijesne baštine u Bosni i Hercegovini iz perioda osmanske vladavine. Posebna pažnja je posvećena ispitivanju fizikalnih i mehaničkih karakteristika sedre, travertina i vapnenaca kao osnovnih kamenih materijala koji su korišteni prilikom izgradnje takvih konstrukcija.

Main parameters for the construction of stone bridges, and major factors for selection of new (replacement) stone and mortar, are presented in the paper. Laboratory test results are given for the stone and mortar normally used in the rehabilitation and reconstruction of cultural and historical heritage structures from the Ottoman period in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A special attention is paid to physical and mechanical characteristics of tufa, travertine and limestone, as basic materials used in the construction of such structures.

Seismic performance of the oldest reinforced concrete arch bridge in Bosnia and Herzegovina is presented in this paper. The bridge was constructed in the late 1897 as the first reinforced concrete arch bridge during the AustroHungarian monarchy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Several rehabilitation works were done however, no mayor interventions were ever done on this structure. Inadequate maintenance of the structure as well its inappropriate usage, passing of heavy vehicles (for which the bridge was not designed) and their long retaining on the bridge, as well as atmospheric influences have led to it degradation. The bridge was declared a national monument in 2009. In order to get as much as possible information about the bridge structure nondestructive and minor destructive tests were conducted in order to make an adequate numerical model. A rehabilitation of the structure was proposed following the ICOMOS guidelines and Venice Charter. As dynamic characteristics of bridge structures are the basis of structural dynamic response and seismic analysis, and are as well an important target of health condition monitoring, they were measured and calculated for the original structure and only calculated for the rehabilitated structure. Comparison of the results was done.

Structural condition and repair of the Careva Ćuprija Bridge in Sarajevo is presented in the paper. This historic structure has been exposed to various atmospheric influences during its use, and also to significant traffic load for which it was not initially designed, which has ultimately resulted in degradation of its structure. To enable continued functioning of this bridge its structure must be repaired taking into account the fact that the bridge was proclaimed a national monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina on 11 March 2009.

Sacral buildings, mosques with wooden minarets and chapel churches, Orthodox and Catholic churches, represent cultural heritage, and are representatives of wood structures in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are not only interconnected but also connected with residential architecture, making them even more interesting. These structures were for a long time neglected and placed on the margins to be forgotten. Sacral objects with wooden features retained common housing elements on one hand and the diversity is reflected in their specific characteristics. It is undoubtedly that natural influences and the human factor on wooden structures require constant monitoring and maintenance, which in the absence of finance and personnel makes it difficult to conserve and restore the traditional sacral wooden structures. This paper presents the basic data on this type of construction with the most significant details of characteristic examples.

e22518Background: Cancer patients in developing and low income countries have limited access to target therapies. Many patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) have had to wait for exte...

p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that is overexpressed in colorectal cancer. PAK1 is a target of mesalamine [5-aminosylicylic acid (5-ASA)], a common drug for the treatment of ulcerative colitis with prospective chemopreventive properties. Here, we investigated whether PAK1 deletion impedes tumorigenesis in murine intestinal cancer models. Ten-week-old APCmin or APCmin/PAK1−/− mice were monitored for 8 weeks, euthanized, and assessed for tumor number and size. Six- to 8-week-old PAK1−/− and wild-type (WT) mice received one 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane (AOM) and four cycles of 1.7% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 4 days followed by 14 days of regular water. Mice also received 5-ASA via diet. Tumor incidence and size was assessed via colonoscopy and pathology. Molecular targets of PAK1 and 5-ASA were evaluated via immunohistochemistry (IHC) in both models. PAK1 deletion reduced tumor multiplicity and tumor burden but did not alter average tumor size in APCmin mice. IHC revealed that PAK1 deletion reduced p-AKT, β-catenin, and c-Myc expression in APCmin adenomas. Colonoscopy and pathologic analysis revealed that PAK1 deletion reduced tumor multiplicity without affecting tumor size in AOM/DSS-treated mice. 5-ASA treatment and PAK1 deletion impeded tumor multiplicity and dysplastic lesions in AOM/DSS mice. IHC further revealed that 5-ASA blocked β-catenin signaling via inhibition of PAK1/p-AKT. These data indicate that PAK1 contributes to initiation of intestinal carcinogenesis. Cancer Prev Res; 8(11); 1093–101. ©2015 AACR.