Background/Aim:Dental age estimation in adults is a challenging process due to the lack of sufficient information on the accuracy of dental methods applied in the identification of persons without information on identity. Previous studies on dental age estimation in adults suggested that each method should be tested on a population other than one which was used to develop the specific method. The aim of this study was to estimate dental age in adults from Bosnia and Herzegovina with the radiographic analysis of the pulp/tooth ratio of lower canines and to determine differences from chronological age. Material and Methods: The sample for the research comprised 50 periapical radiographs, with visible intact lower canine teeth, derived from an archive of the Department of Dental Morphology, Dental Anthropology and Forensics. After the selection process, all radiographs were digitalized. Additional information used is the chronological age and sex of the person to whom the images belonged. The measurements of the pulp space and the lower canine tooth were performed using the ImageJ computer methods. The results of measurements were entered in formulas for assessments of dental age, as per equations given by the authors. Results: The research has shown that there is a significant difference in examined population between the dental age estimated by the analysis of pulp/tooth ratio of lower canine teeth and the chronological age. The standard error of regression for Cameriere model was 14.12 years, and this model proved to be statistically significant (p= 0.0017). Kvaal-Solheim model from 1994 has shown a standard error of 15.07 years, and did not prove to be statistically significant (p= 0.054), while another model from 1995, by the same authors, shows a standard error of 14.64 years, and it proved to be statistically significant (p= 0.011). Conclusions: It is possible to estimate dental age by means of pulp/tooth ratio. However, it is necessary to conduct further research that will include a larger number of examinees and different age groups and also consider the specificity of teeth in Bosnia - Herzegovina's population to acquire more accurate data on accuracy and reliability of those methods in this population.

Introduction: Despite the proven safety and efficacy of vaccines, common diseases which can be prevented by regular vaccination, are still not controlled in all European countries. The most important barriers which parents encounter while making decisions about vaccination include unwanted vaccination effects, attitude towards the disease, and the effectiveness and safety of the vaccine. Methods: The sample consisted of 1850 participants who have registered place of residence in one of the five cities in the region of the Tuzla Canton. The questioner was created by the authors of this paper and it consisted of 22 items which were divided into 4 categories. Results: Statistical analysis showed that more than half of participants who have declared themselves as vaccine skeptics had completed secondary school as their last level of education, and base their attitude on the information provided through the mass media sources without performing additional verification. It has been found that there is a certain percentage of healthcare workers with whom the parents contacted, and who advised them against the immunization of their child, which further deepens the skepticism of parents. Discussion: We need better and more efficient ways of informing and engaging the vaccine sceptic parents. This whole process cannot be left to the parents themselves, and the role of a healthcare professional is based on the fact that he/she is a reference person who will inform, through adequate communication, provide basic knowledge and help the parents during this entire process. Key Words: vaccine, active immunization, MMR vaccine, anti-vaccination movement