Climate change is one of the greatest global concerns regarding livestock production. The indigenous Pramenka sheep is well known for its ability to survive in difficult environmental conditions, although there is insufficient scientific evidence. This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal variations in some hematological and blood biochemical parameters in two strains of Pramenka sheep – Hercegovačka and Dubska, under natural thermal stress conditions. The calculated Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) data indicated mild to severe heat stress in the localities where the Hercegovačka Pramenka strain was being held, while cold stress was found in all the examined localities. Numerous statistically significant differences in hematological parameters were found between seasons, and within and between the two Pramenka strains. The Dubska strain exhibited significantly higher levels of red blood cells (RBC) and packed cell volume (PCV) compared to Hercegovačka, whereas the Hercegovačka strain displayed significantly higher white blood cells (WBC) and platelet (PLT) levels in comparison to Dubska. Similar patterns were noticed in the blood biochemical parameters - the Dubska strain had more seasonal variations compared to the Hercegovačka Pramenka. During the winter, the Hercegovačka strain demonstrated significantly higher levels of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), urea (UREA), and creatine kinase (CK) compared to Dubska. Conversely, during the summer, the Hercegovačka strain exhibited significantly higher globulin (GLO) levels, whereas the Dubska strain showed higher levels of ALB and chlorine (Cl). On the basis of our results, both Pramenka strains showed a high adaptive capacity to harsh environmental conditions, the Hercegovačka Pramenka being more adapted to heat stress, and Dubska to cold stress conditions.

The subject of the research is the analysis of the change in land cover in the area of Babin do on Bjelašnica mountain in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the period after 1995, throughout the entire Bosnia and Herzegovina, visible spontaneous spatial planning contributed to significant changes in the land cover. The research aims to determine changes in coverage and land use that happened in the last few decades in the researched area. The analysis of land cover changes in the research area was performed for the period from 2000 to 2018. Due to the lack of data resulting from insufficient spatial resolution of CLC, vectorization of spatial infrastructure elements from available remote sensing images was additionally carried out. This procedure implied a detailed land cover change analysis visible from the topographic map at a scale of 1:25:000 and relevant Google Earth images. Research on the topic was conducted through several phases. The first part of the paper refers to determining the geographical location of the research area and defining all its components. The second part of the paper deals with a detailed analysis of all categories of land cover in the last twenty years. The third part of the paper involves a comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators of land cover in the research area. The complete procedure of the analysis was performed using GIS, where the corresponding databases were created and a cartographic visualization for the investigated area was performed. The results of the conducted research point to the conclusion that significant changes in land cover have occurred in the Babin do in the analyzed period, which is particularly pronounced in sports and recreation areas, as a result of the development of the tourism industry. In the last part of the paper, conclusions are given regarding the changes and causes of changes of the land coverage in the analyzed area, with recommendations for further activities.

The subject of the research is the application of GIS in geoecological evaluation of terrain–case study Nature Park Hutovo blato. Geoecological evaluation of terrain is strongly relevant methodological procedure, which can be used for acquiring results about real value of particular areas. Method of terrain evaluation is also used, through five categories: hypsometric characteristics, angle of slopes, vertical dissection, terrain mobility and vegetation cover. The aim of the research is to clarify how valuable and useful certain segments of the terrain are for the purpose of spatial planning–for the tourism valorization, construction of various objects etc.Paper consists of several parts. First part defines the exact area of exploration. In the second part geomorphological characteristics of the researched area were analyzed. Geoecological evaluation of terrain, performed in third part was based onprevious geomorphological analysis as well as bonity categories. Methods used in this paper are: analysis, synthesis, statistical method and cartographic method. Complete analysis was conducted using GIS.

Flood represents a temporary cover of water that submerges land, usually not covered by water, which is caused by water overflowing the watercourses. The floods that occur in the area of Zenica-Doboj Canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina cause massive damage to agriculture, housing, equipment and civil engineering facilities and can be characterized as hazards. The hydrographic backbone of this Canton is the river Bosna, and the subject of research in this paper is the flood vulnerability in Zenica-Doboj Canton. The result of the work is the production of flood hazard and risk maps using GIS. Geographic Information System (GIS)-based spatial analysis and visual elements have been used frequently in recent years for detection of flood hazard areas and preparation of maps. GIS applications are based on a database and analysis tools which have logical and mathematical relationships between the layers. When creating the flood hazard map, in addition to GIS tools, Hec-RAS was also used as a program intended for the analysis of hydraulic calculations. The results of this paper are of great importance for spatial planning and environmental protection, starting with local communities, municipalities and the entire Canton. Key-words: Spatial analysis, the Bosnia River, Flood risk, GIS, Physical geography

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) to assess importance-performance analysis (IPA) and service performance (SERVPERF) conceptualizations of service quality, and to establish which one excels in predicting the tourists' satisfaction in hotel industry; and (2) to test the mediating role of satisfaction between quality conceptualization and hotel guests’ repurchase intentions and word of mouth recommendations regarding the hotel. Design – A conceptual framework was empirically tested on a sample of 311 tourists staying in six hotels in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina), which is a tourist destination with increased relevance internationally. Methodology – Covariance-based structural equation modeling was used to estimate the model. Approach – Two conceptualizations were firstly estimated separately then they were contrasted and compared. Findings – The results showed a slight superiority of the IPA conceptualization over that of SERVPERF in predicting satisfaction and in affecting customer attitudinal and behavioral outcomes. This study also confirms the vital mediating role of satisfaction on customer outcomes. Originality of the research – This study utilizes and compares two relevant conceptualizations of hotel service quality and is based on a conceptual framework that establishes which one is better for predicting tourists’ behavioral outcomes. The study is of practical relevance since it gives suggestions on tools that should be used by hotel managers in assessing the quality perceived by their guests.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) to assess importance-performance analysis (IPA) and service performance (SERVPERF) conceptualizations of service quality, and to establish which one excels in predicting the tourists' satisfaction in hotel industry; and (2) to test the mediating role of satisfaction between quality conceptualization and hotel guests’ repurchase intentions and word of mouth recommendations regarding the hotel. Design – A conceptual framework was empirically tested on a sample of 311 tourists staying in six hotels in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina), which is a tourist destination with increased relevance internationally. Methodology – Covariance-based structural equation modeling was used to estimate the model. Approach – Two conceptualizations were firstly estimated separately then they were contrasted and compared. Findings – The results showed a slight superiority of the IPA conceptualization over that of SERVPERF in predicting satisfaction and in affecting customer attitudinal and behavioral outcomes. This study also confirms the vital mediating role of satisfaction on customer outcomes. Originality of the research – This study utilizes and compares two relevant conceptualizations of hotel service quality and is based on a conceptual framework that establishes which one is better for predicting tourists’ behavioral outcomes. The study is of practical relevance since it gives suggestions on tools that should be used by hotel managers in assessing the quality perceived by their guests.

In this paper, the morphometric characteristics of the Una River basin (Bosnia and Herze­ govina) were analyzed using geographic information systems (GIS). Quantitative geomor­ phological analysis was carried out (hypsometric characteristics, slope inclination,vertical relief dissection, and slope exposition). Analyzed parameters are indicators of shapes and recent processes in relief. The significance of this analysis is reflected in the fact that the obtained data have numerical value, are verifiable and multiple applicable in practice for the purposes of agriculture water management, construction sector urbanism, tourism, spatial planning, etc.

Abstract Sustainable use of water, which is one of the most important natural renewable resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina, should be a priority and an integrative objective of sustainable development. In accordance to that, it is necessary to provide the satisfactory amount of water of an adequate quality for various purposes, to reduce damage from water, and to achieve a good ecological potential of water, thus ensuring the sustainability of this resource, at the same time not jeopardizing the ecosystems that depend on it. Encouraging irrigation, especially of small farmland and orchards, careful construction of small hydropower plants, the development of fisheries and tourism on and by the water, much greater use of mineral and thermal waters, and other possibilities provided by unused renewable resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina provide significant opportunities to develop an environmentally friendly economy. Application of the principles of sustainable development and set goals requires more precise definition and putting into a clear economic, environmental, social, and institutional context.

Geological structure has a significant effect on maintenance of rainwater on surface and its absorption into the underground. The depth of erosion processes and cutting of river valleys depend of it. Geological factors play an important role in the movement of groundwater. They determine the conditions of formation of groundwater, its position and speed of movement, depth of hydrological insulators and character of hydrological collector. Among other things, hydrogeological relations affect the density of the water system. Geological structure may be a limiting factor when it comes to planning and determining the purpose of the space, and as such, it largely affects the functionality of spatial planning. The highest population density in the area of Una basin is on those parts which are mainly consisted of watertight rocks with higher density of water system.

The social development of Bosnia and Herzegovina largely depends on the level of success in overcoming the existing political problems, which are originated in the recent or more distant past. The structure of political subjects and election results within the country clearly reflects a post-conflict state in society that is primarily divided by ethnical, and secondarily by ideological, regional and social lines, generated in the ambience of an extremely complex political-territorial structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As a branch of political geography which among other things studies ways to define electoral units and spatial models of variations of voters behavior, electoral geography has emphasized competency in explaining these phenomena. This paper is thematizing a geographical component of the factual political situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, i.e. spatial differentiation of voting affinities towards existing political options through the analysis of a complicated electoral system and election results for the highest government level – Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Considering that electoral geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina was completely neglected so far, results of this research can be used as a foundation for its further development. The selected data from the results of political subjects at the recent general elections were analyzed from the aspect of their election results at the local level, in municipalities and cities. In this way, territorial distribution of voter preferences and its general patterns are clarified.