Acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is a serious disease with mortality between 50 and 80 %. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathophysiology of AMI. AMI should be considered for any acute abdominal pain that requires analgesia with morphine and for which no other obvious aetiology is found. CT is the main diagnostic procedure to confirm the diagnosis of AMI. There is no specific diagnostic biomarker for AMI that can be used in routine practice. AMI is an urgent diagnostic and therapeutic situation. Treatment of AMI includes a protocol combining digestive rest, curative anticoagulant, antiplatelet, antibiotic therapy, arterial revascularisation to salvage viable bowel and resection of necrotic digestive segments. The strategy of revascularisation depends on the mechanism of arterial occlusion, the morphological appearance of the lesions and the indications for exploratory laparotomy. Endovascular and open surgical techniques can be combined and complemented. Open surgical revascularisation is indicated in case of failure or impossibility of endovascular revascularisation and in case of need for laparotomy. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are the cornerstones of modern treatment to reduce the high mortality of AMI. The emergence of endovascular approaches and modern imaging techniques is developing and providing new treatment options. A multidisciplinary approach based on early diagnosis and treatment is necessary.

The development of agriculture is closely linked to technology and innovation. Drones have become a practical tool that helps improve agricultural production. This research focuses on choosing the spraying drone with the best features for the companyAgricultural goods Semberija. A multi-criteria decision-making process based on expert opinions was used to evaluate eight different drones across ten criteria. The fuzzy SiWeC (Simple Weight Calculation) method was applied to determine theimportance of each criterion, showing that all criteria were similarly important in the decision-making process. To select the best drone, the fuzzy COmpromise Ranking from Alternative SOlutions (CORASO) method was used. The results show that theDJI Agras T30 drone has the best features and is the preferred choice for purchase. These findings were confirmed by further comparative and sensitivity analyses. This study highlights the use of new methods for selecting equipment in agriculture.

Objective. The main objective of this research was to determine whether and to what extent the level of health literacy affects the reproductive health of young people. Methods. The research belongs to the group of epidemiological studies, conducted according to the type of cross-sectional study. It was carried out in the period from 1st to 17th of June, 2019.A total of 230 students of professional health studies participated in the research. The questionnaire, in addition to demo-graphic data, contained the S-TOFHLA health literacy test and specially designed questions about reproductive health. Results: Our research showed that six respondents (2.61%) had inadequate health literacy, 80 (34.78%) had marginal health literacy, and 144 (62.61%) had adequate health literacy. Greater health literacy is associated with sexual activity, number of partners and the use of anti-baby pills. Health literacy is influenced by many factors, including knowledge of reproductive health, age, gender, sociodemographic factors, economic status, level of education, and more. Insufficient promotion of sexual education in our society, potential mistrust in the official education system and the desire of respondents to independently research this area. Conclusion. More than two thirds of students show the adequate level of health literacy. Students who are older in terms of age and years of study have a higher level of health literacy. This research can serve as a starting point for the creation of new programs on reproductive health and health literacy, especially those aimed at the population of health professionals.

Background: Patients' ability to understand and apply medicines information is a prerequisite for optimal and safe use of medicines. Patients should be able to know and understand basic medicines information, either written or verbal, and calculate the prescribed dose in order to avoid health risks associated with the use of medicines. Methods and Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate medication literacy (knowledge, understanding and numerical skills regarding the use of medicines) in hospitalized orthopedic patients. A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at 2 orthopedic hospitals in Belgrade, Serbia, between September 2021 and February 2022, using medication literacy questionnaire. Results: Among 210 eligible patients, 53.3% were male, with more than 12 years of education (58.6%), who described their health (57.6%) and financial status (66.2%) as average. Most patients understood storage information (80%) and drug-food interactions (82%) in patient information leaflet (PIL). Nearly all patients (94%) understood instructions on medicine label. However, only 23.8% patients could properly interpret shelf life printed on the package. When it comes to verbal information given by pharmacist, most patients understood instructions on drug-food interactions (87%) and the use of antibiotics (78%). More than half patients (55.2%) knew that expired medicines should be returned to community pharmacy for safe disposal. In the case of missed dose, only 45% patients knew they should wait to take the next dose at the scheduled time. Regarding numerical skills, most patients could calculate maximum daily dose (86%), as well as maximum therapeutic dose (85%). Conclusions: The study indicates that written medicines information in combination with verbal instructions have proven to be understandable for most patients, but highlights a lack of sufficient knowledge regarding the proper disposal of expired medicines and missed dose. Assessment of medication literacy is a crucial for implementation of medication adherence intervention and health risks prevention.

The rapidly evolving landscape of public health challenges requires national public health associations (NPHA) to take leadership and play a multifaceted role (1). NPHAs usually serve as primary non-governmental advocates for population health and manage complex intersections of policy, education, and community engagement to address both traditional and emerging public health threats. One of their key roles is to shape strategies that promote equitable access to healthcare, thereby significantly impacting public health outcomes. NPHAs exert their influence across local, regional, and global levels, advancing global health agendas. The establishment of the Serbian Public Health Association (SPHA) in 2003 was a significant milestone in the country's public health history. SPHA added new value to traditional partnerships for public health, led by the Network of Institutes of Public Health, along with the Serbian Medical Chamber, academic institutions, United Nations agencies, Serbian Medical Society, civil society organizations, and interested groups and individuals. SPHA has been active in various public health areas, including strengthening community resilience by supporting families and visiting nurses, promoting the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, providing continuous medical education, and facilitating public dialogue on health reforms. Today, SPHA is a national, not-for-profit association of current and future public health professionals and other individuals devoted to promoting scientific evidence and multidisciplinary collaboration in health promotion and protection (2). SPHA is a permanent member of the European Public Health Association and the World Federation of Public Health Associations (3). It brings together 96 members of public health practitioners from various backgrounds and affiliations, working together to protect and improve the health of all individuals and reduce health inequalities.

Background: Family medicine is defined by the copartner attitude towards patients, and the field of action of the same is not just sickness but illness too- which includes satisfaction od patients, which constitutes an important reference of quality of the health system. Objective: Evaluation of patients satisfaction with provided healthcare in Family medicine (FM). Methods: The research is, by type, designed as random, descriptive, prospective. The study was conducted in the time period of May, 2018, in FM- one patient departments of the Primary Healthcare Center of Sarajevo Canton. 250 of age subjects, older than 18 years ,both genders were included in the study. The standardized, anonym, diskret, and to the demands of the research adapted, questionnaire of the Agency for quality and acreditation in health in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was used as the survey instrument. For data processing, the statistical package for data processing IBM Statistics SPSS was used. Results: Most of the patients were very satisfied with the accesss to the establishment, the working time of the establishment, the waiting time in the waiting room, the duration of examination, the adequacy, with securing privacy and with the work of the physician and the nurse. 44,80% of patients were satisfied, and 32,40% were very satisfied with the department of FM. In comparison to other health departments, 36,44% of patients adduce that FM is better. 65,60% of patients schedule physician examination, 17,60% of patients do not. Between groups of patients, significant differences in patients satisfaction with provided healthcare exist, Conclusion:. The most satisfied group of patients, with provided healthcare in FM, are patients age over 55 years, retired, having some chronical disease, having a elected FM physician, which schedule physical examination by their elected FM physician and patients which always.

Background: Different research studies show that people who exercise regularly have higher levels of body water due to predominance of lean muscle tissue instead of adipose tissue. Sedentary lifestyle leads to increase in the body fat mass and decrease in the percentage of body water. The aim of the study was to explore the effects of regular recreative physical exercise on the body water levels and muscle. Methods and Objectives: Study included 50 subjects of both genders aged 18 to 55 years, who engaged in recreational physical exercise. All subjects were measured at baseline, before they started to exercise and after period of three months. Body composition was analyzed by Bioelectrical impedance. All subjects exercised three times a week for 75 minutes. Exercise plan consisted of combined anaerobic training for 45 minutes and aerobic training for 30 minutes. Dietary advice was not provided for participants. Descriptive and analytical statistics methods were used in statistical data processing. Statistical data processing was done in the SPSS Windows version 25 software package. Results: After three months, the percentage of body water was increased by 1.95% (p<0.001) and it was statistically significant in both sexes (p<0.001). At the end of the study, muscle mass values were higher by 0.62 kg (p=0.034). In relation to gender, a statistically significant difference was found between two measurements in women (p=0.025), while in men this difference was not significant (p=0.194). Conclusions: Results show that regular physical activity has a favorable effect on the level of body water and muscle mass, that leads to better cardiovascular outcomes.

Background: In the last few decades, along with the lifestyle changes and the development of diagnostic procedures, food allergies have become a serious public health problem. In addition to health problems, they also lead to deterioration of the quality of life of both patients and their families. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of clinical manifestations in preschoolers suffering from food allergies Methods and Objectives: Cross-sectional study was performed in kindergarten "Dr Simo Milošević" Total number of children aged 2-6 years included in the study was 4123. Data on the type of food allergy and clinical manifestations were used. Symptoms were divided according to respiratory symptoms, contact allergies, allergies on the skin, lips, and gastrointestinal, diarrhea Study instrument was questionnaire for parents. Descriptive and analytical statistics methods were used in statistical data processing. Statistical data processing was done in the SPSS Windows version 25 software package. Results: Out of the total number of children who participated in the research, 41 had a food allergy. Out of the total number of children with allergies, most of the symptoms were related to changes in the skin, 53.7%, followed by changes in the lips, 22%, and diarrhea, 17.1%. Only 7.3% of children with food allergies had an anaphylactic manifestation of allergy. Conclusions: The obtained data show a high frequency of clinical manifestations of food allergies, indicating the importance of early detection of food allergies.

Digital credentials represent crucial elements of digital identity on the Internet. Credentials should have specific properties that allow them to achieve privacy-preserving capabilities. One of these properties is selective disclosure, which allows users to disclose only the claims or attributes they must. This paper presents a novel approach to selective disclosure BLS-MT-ZKP that combines existing cryptographic primitives: Boneh-Lynn-Shacham (BLS) signatures, Merkle hash trees (MT) and zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) method called Bulletproofs. Combining these methods, we achieve selective disclosure of claims while conforming to selective disclosure requirements. New requirements are defined based on the definition of selective disclosure and privacy spectrum. Besides selective disclosure, specific use cases for equating digital credentials with paper credentials are achieved. The proposed approach was compared to the existing solutions, and its security, threat, performance and limitation analysis was done. For validation, a proof-of-concept was implemented, and the execution time was measured to demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of the approach.

Background: Antibodies are key elements in the fight against diseases, including Covid-19. The pandemic is still ongoing, and Long Covid is a challenge due to the unclear chronic course of the disease. Objective: To analyze the antibody profile and coagulation status in patients who recovered from Covid-19 and developed symptoms of Long Covid, with a focus on D-dimer as an indicator of thromboembolic complications. Methods: The subjects are patients of the family medicine clinic who had an acute form of Covid-19 and after 3 months developed symptoms of Long Covid. The level of IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was regularly monitored during the acute form of the pandemic, and then also when symptoms of the chronic course appeared. The control group consists of patients who have recovered from the acute form of the disease without symptoms of Long Covid. Antibody analysis will provide insight into the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value of antibody titer determination. Results: The occurrence of elevated levels of IGM and D-dimer were significantly increased in patients with various symptoms of Long Covid. Monitoring of IgG and IgM antibodies can be of key importance in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of Long Covid, and D-dimer for the diagnosis of vascular disorders and the detection of patients at risk for thromboembolic complications. In the practice of family medicine, but also in many specialist protocols, the importance of assessing the immune response when symptoms of Long Covid appear is neglected. Conclusion: Given the complex clinical picture of Long Covid, most doctors, regardless of specialty, must acquire knowledge and skills for diagnosis and treatment of Long Covid symptoms. It is necessary to create guides that can be supplemented with new discoveries, especially in the field of human immune defense against new virus variants and new forms of Long Covid.