AIM To evaluate the effect of introducing a structured online follow-up system on the response rate. METHODS Since June 2015 we have set up an electronic follow-up system for prosthesis in orthopedic patients. This system allows prospective data gathering using both online and paper questionnaires. In the past all patients received questionnaires on paper. This study includes only patients who received elbow arthroplasty. Response rates before and after introduction of the online database were compared. After the implementation, completeness of the questionnaires was compared between paper and digital versions. For both comparisons Fisher’s Exact tests were used. RESULTS A total of 233 patients were included in the study. With the introduction of this online follow-up system, the overall response rate increased from 49.8% to 91.6% (P < 0.01). The response rate of 92.0% in the paper group was comparable to 90.7% in the online group (P > 0.05). Paper questionnaires had a completeness of 54.4%, which was lower compared to the online questionnaires where we reached full completeness (P < 0.01). Furthermore, non-responders proved to be younger with a mean age of 52 years compared to a mean age 62 years of responders (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The use of a structured online follow-up system increased the response rate. Moreover, online questionnaires are more complete than paper questionnaires.

Livanjski cheese belongs to the group of hard cheeses which is traditionally produced in Livno (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Proteolytic changes during the ripening of Livanjski cheese have not been investigated extensively. The aim of this paper was to determine its proteolytic changes during the different stages of ripening. Five Livanjski cheeses (from raw cow’s or a mixture of sheep’s and cow’s milk) were observed during the ripening to evaluate its typical proteolytic profile. An electophoretic profile of Livanjski cheese was determined by Urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (urea-PAGE) and a densitometric evaluation of the urea-PAGE gels was performed using a densitometer. The water-soluble nitrogen fraction in the total nitrogen (WSN %TN) and the 12%-TCA-soluble nitrogen fraction in the total nitrogen (TCA-SN %TN) of the cheese were determined using the Kjeldahl method. Degradation of αs1-casein by chymosin caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) of relative content of this protein in Livanjski cheese at the sixth week point of ripening. Due to the activity of chymosin on αs1-casein, αs1-I-casein and αs1-II-casein developed, which caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) of Index alpha. The relative ratio of β-casein significantly decreased (P < 0.05) during ripening leading to a significant accumulation (P < 0.05) of degraded product (sum γ1-casein, γ2-casein and γ3-casein). These proteolytic changes caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) of Index betta. Accumulation of medium, small peptides and amino acids caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase of the relative content of WSN %TN and TCA-SN %TN. In general, proteolysis of Livanjski cheese during ripening was moderate probably due to the low moisture content and low water activity, although it was produced from raw milk. Taking into account that the ratio β-casein : αs1-casein at the end of ripening was 1.46, it could be concluded that degradation of αs1-casein could be the indicator of the maturity of Livanjski cheese. Due to that Livanjski cheese could be classified as “α-type of ripening” cheese.

O artigo compartilha o trabalho realizado com os bebes em tres creches municipais de Sao Bernardo do Campo, sendo ele vinculado ao subprojeto PIBID “Brincadeiras de agora, brincadeiras de outrora: as criancas e a producao das culturas infantis”. Tendo os conceitos de “amorosidade” e “dialogicidade” em Paulo Freire como pressupostos, sao proporcionadas varias atividades aos bebes, no intuito de instigar sua curiosidade, fantasia, imaginacao e inventividade, potencializando as suas experiencias. Como resultado, verifica-se a revisao de concepcoes de crianca e infância marcadas por perspectivas biologizantes e psicologizantes; a ampliacao de espacos instigantes, onde os bebes aprendem observando, tocando, cheirando, narrando suas descobertas por meio de suas multiplas linguagens, o que tem exigido dos/as educadores/as se alfabetizarem nas mesmas, visando a construcao de praticas dialogicas; e o reconhecimento da creche como ambiente de dialogo e espaco privilegiado de formacao, onde o/a educador/a nao apenas ensina, mas tambem aprende com as criancas pequenininhas.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of death from cancer in women. The accuracy of diagnosis can be increased with a combination of clinical examination, imaging diagnostics, and fi ne needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or core needle biopsy, also known as triple test. The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in the diagnosis of breast tumors in our institution by correlating it with histopathology findings. We assessed the accuracy of 124 FNAC findings by comparing cytological diagnosis of breast masses with the diagnoses from histopathology reports obtained by surgery. Statistical analysis showed 95.1% accuracy, 97.7% sensitivity, 89.1% specificity, 95.5% positive predictive value and 94.2% negative predictive value of FNAC. Study results indicated that FNAC could be used as a highly reliable tool in the differential diagnosis of breast tumors, in combination with clinical and imaging findings, especially in developing countries with limited financial resources.

Episiotomy is obstetric procedure during which the incision extends the vestibule of the vagina during the second stage of labor. Episiotomy was extensively spread with gradual increase of rates in the first half of the 20th century and was performed medio-laterally in all nulliparous women with the idea to protect fetal head from trauma and pelvic floor from injuries. However, reports claiming that episiotomy had no such benefits were published. It was shown that routine medio-lateral episiotomy did not protect against the appearance of urinary incontinence after vaginal delivery, while the risk of anal incontinence could be increased. The role of episiotomy in development of pelvic floor dysfunction remains quite unclear. Due to the mentioned reason, restricted episiotomy approach should be accepted. The origin of stress incontinence during pregnancy is controversial and not definitely scientifically proven. Pregnancy per se and older age at first delivery may have impact on the onset of pelvic floor dysfunction. Urinary incontinence in pregnancy increases the risk of later urinary incontinence, both postpartum and later in life. Vaginal delivery is just one of the potential risk factors for development of urinary incontinence. Mechanical pressure by fetus on the pelvic floor structures, limited denervation of the pelvic floor and soft tissue damage during delivery are some of explanations for the onset of stress urinary incontinence. On the other hand, cesarean delivery might not be protective against emergence of urinary incontinence. Further research in this field is needed.