: Bijeli bor (Pinus sylvestris L.) jedna je od najvažnijih i najistraženijih vrsta drveća u evropskim šumama. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi mogućnosti povećanja proizvodnih mogućnosti i kvaliteta bijelog bora kroz ranu selekciju u testu provenijencija u Bosni i Hercegovini, a rezultati će se koristiti u svrhu što boljeg korištenja staništa pogodnih za bijeli bor. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja 2021. godine mjerene su visine i prečnici u prsnoj visini bijelog bora u testu provenijencije u Žepču, te brojane grane u pršljenu. Test je uspostavljen 2012. godine sadnjom dvogodišnjih sadnica iz 14 evropskih provenijencija (po tri iz Austrije i Italije i po jedna iz Bosne i Hercegovine, Njemačke, Poljske, Rumunije, Slovačke, Norveške, Škotske i Ukrajine). Izračunate su i zapremine, a zatim provedena analiza varijanse i deskriptivna analiza podataka po provenijencijama. Zatim je selekcionirano pet provenijencija sa najvećim prosječnim vrijednostima istraživanih svojstava i izračunate su razlike između prosječnih vrijednosti za selekcionirane provenijencije i ukupnog prosjeka, kao i razlike između prosječnih vrijednosti za provenijenciju sa najvećim prosječnim vrijednostima i ukupnog prosjeka za sva istraživana svojstva. Podaci su obrađeni pomoću Excel 2013 i SPSS 20.0. Analiza varijanse pokazala je statistički značajne razlike između provenijencija po svim istraživanim svojstvima. Najveći prosječan prečnik stabala starih 11 godina imala je provenijencija iz Ukrajine, a najveću prosječnu visinu i zapreminu jedna od provenijencija iz Austrije. Razlika između prosjeka pet provenijencija sa najvećim prosječnim vrijednostima i ukupnog prosjeka po svojstvu zapremine iznosila je 17,4% od ukupnog prosjeka, a razlika između provenijencije sa najvećom prosječnom zapreminom i ukupnog prosjeka iznosila je 41% od ukupnog prosjeka. Rezultati će biti korišteni u procesima selekcije provenijencija bijelog bora sa dobrim visinskim i debljinskim prirastom.

Crna joha (Alnus glutinosa [L.] Gaertn.) listopadno je drvo iz porodice brezovki (Betulaceae) koje se uglavnom javlja u nizijskim područjima u blizini vodnih tijela različitog režima plavljenja, često prateći riječne i manje vodene tokove, formirajući zajednice azonalnog karaktera u Bosni i Hercegovini. Cilj istraživanja je razvijanje predikcijskog modela rasprostranjenosti staništa crne johe u Bosni i Hercegovini na osnovu poznatih i utvrđenih lokacija staništa crne johe i podataka WorldClim baze. Kao osnovni materijal istraživanja korišteni su podaci sa vlastitih terenskih snimanja i iz drugih relevantnih dostupnih izvora. Klimatski podaci su preuzeti sa WorldClim baze podataka u obliku rasterskih slojeva za 19 bioklimatskih varijabli. Modeliranje je provedeno koristeći metod maksimalne entropije integrisan u MaxEnt računarski program. Izbor modela se zasnivao na predikcijskoj tačnosti modela i koherentnosti sa distribucijom staništa crne johe trenutnog i prethodnih istraživanja. Dobiveni rezultati su potvrdili model veoma dobre predikcijske tačnosti na temelju kalibracije i validacije podataka subseta (AUC > 0,85). Varijable BIO6 (minimalna temperatura najhladnijeg mjeseca) i BIO14 (oborine mjeseca s najmanje padavina) imaju statistički najveći značaj i uticaj za model prostorne rasprostranjenosti ekološke niše crne johe. S obzirom na važne funkcije zajednica crne johe u prevenciji erozije, zaštiti od poplava i očuvanju biološke raznolikosti, dobiveni rezultati mogu doprinijeti upravljanju staništima crne johe. Rezultati predikcije staništa mogli bi se koristiti za daljnja istraživanja vezana za klimatske promjene i praćenje stabilnosti ekosistema.

AIM To investigate the risk for falls in elderly patients treated in the Primary Health Care Centre Gradiška, Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS This study included 500 patients aged 65 and older. They were chosen randomly by 10 family physicians. Data collection took place every Wednesday and Friday, between January 2022 and July 2022. The patients' gait and balance assessment were performed using the Tinetti Gait and Balance Tool to assess the risk of falls. A supplementary questionnaire was created to record data about the patients' age, sex, chronic diseases, and drugs they take. RESULTS Among the included patients there were 266 females (53.2%) and 234 (46.8%) males, with the mean age of 75.25 years. The Tinetti test showed that the risk of falls was high for patients older than 75 years, 111 patients (69.8%), and 48 patients (30.2%) aged 65 to 74 (p=0.000). The risk of falling was higher for female, 93 (35%), than male patients, 66 (28.2%) (p=0.018). Considering chronic diseases, a high risk of falls was found in 32 (2.1%) patients with heart failure (p=0.029) and 19 (11.9%) patients with osteoporosis (p=0.000). Patients who used antihypertensive drugs had the highest risk for falls, 124 (78.0%) (p=0.757). CONCLUSION About two-thirds of the examinees over the age of 75 had a high risk of falls, which indicates that family doctors should be more involved in fall prevention of elderly patients and constantly educate older patients and their families about it.

Simple Summary Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are more susceptible to infections, which are also the most common cause of death in these patients. Previous studies in patients with CLL described elevated levels of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which also correlated with decreased T cell responses to microbial antigens. As the activation of the STAT5 transcription factor induces the expression of FOXP3 and human CD4+FOXP3+ T cells that also contain nonsuppressive T cells, we analyzed STAT5 phosphorylation (pSTAT5) and suppressive subpopulations, including activated Tregs (aTregs). We found a significantly increased frequency of aTregs in patients with advanced stages, which significantly correlated with the total tumor mass score. aTreg expansion in vitro was associated with significantly higher aTreg pSTAT5 responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific stimulation in vitro. Finally, a subgroup of patients characterised by an increased aTreg percentage among CD4+FOXP3+ T cells experienced a more severe disease course with serious grade ≥3 infections during follow-up. Abstract Introduction: Advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is accompanied by increased circulating regulatory T cells (Tregs) and increased susceptibility to severe infections, which were also shown to entail a striking induction of FOXP3 expression in Tregs. As homeostasis of the most suppressive CD45RA−FOXP3high activated Treg (aTreg) subset differs, it is critical to analyse homeostatic signalling in Treg subsets. Materials and Methods: In this study, by using conventional and imaging flow cytometry, we monitored STAT5 signalling/phosphorylation (pSTAT5) and investigated Treg subsets in relation to the Binet stage, the total tumor mass score (TTM) and the disease course during a follow-up of 37 patients with CLL. Results: The aTreg percentage was significantly increased among CD4+ T cells from patients with advanced disease and significantly correlated with the TTM. A subgroup of patients with higher aTreg percentages among CD4+FOXP3+ T cells at the start of therapy was characterised by more frequent episodes of severe infections during follow-up. Conclusions: The results suggesting that an aTreg fraction could represent a possible marker of a severe disease course with infectious complications. Augmented homeostatic STAT5 signalling could support aTreg expansion, as higher pSTAT5 levels were significantly correlated with an increased aTreg frequency among CD4+FOXP3+ T cells during the follow-up of patients on therapy, as well as following SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific stimulation in vitro.

With the advent of the Internet and the accelerated development of information and communication technologies (Cloud Computing, Big Data, etc.), marketing has changed forever. However, it will soon be going soon it will be going through another revolution, largely due to the potential of Blockchain technology. In order for the exchange (transaction) to be carried out to the satisfaction of both entities, there must be trust between them. Unless the entities trust each other, they usually find a solution by hiring a third entity, called an intermediary. At its core, Blockchain enables transactions between two parties without the need for third party verification. If a transaction means any business transaction of transferring ownership of goods or money (securities) from one entity to another, then Blockchain is an alternative way of exchanging and recording transactions by which it is carried out to the satisfaction of both entities, without intermediaries and without the need to trust each other. One of the more significant aspects of applying Blockchain technology is that it gives consumers back control of their personal information, eliminating the possibility for companies to take data from customers without offering them compensation. The aim of this paper is to highlight the potential of Blockchain technology, which puts customers in an even more favorable position, but also enables merchants to access non-intermediary customers such as Google, Facebook, etc. Another aspect of the application of Blockchain technology will be discussed in the paper, which concerns the possibility that customers have all relevant and true (i.e, non-changeable information due to the security provided by Blockchain technology) information about the origin of the products they purchase.

Key Points Question What is the current red blood cell (RBC) transfusion practice for preterm infants born before 32 weeks’ gestation in Europe? Findings This cohort study included 1143 infants from 64 neonatal intensive care units across 22 European countries. By day 28 of life, 36.5% of infants had received an RBC transfusion, and most transfusions based on hemoglobin threshold were given above restrictive thresholds tested in recent trials. Meaning These findings suggest that there is a need to address the gap between evidence and practice and to understand factors influencing ongoing variable practices of RBC transfusions among preterm infants.

Novija istraživanja bosanskohercegovačkih populacija glogova i njihova taksonomska numeracija rezultirala je spoznajom o prisutnosti jedne nove vrste gloga u flori Bosne i Hercegovine. Vrsta Crataegus microphylla K. Koch svrstava se u grupu jednokoštičavih glogova. U najzapadnijim dijelovima njenog areala, unutar izolovanih populacija, dolazi naša novoopisana endemična podvrsta (subsp. malýana K. I. Chr. & Janjić). U radu su prezentovane osnovne morfološko-taksonomske i horološko-ekološke karakteristike neophodne za uspješno prepoznavanje ove vrste kao i njene novoopisane podvrste.