BACKGROUND To explore corellation of anxiety, depression ant type of personality in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compare with peptic ulcer (PU). SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this study, prevalence of anxiety, depression and type of personality was investigated in 362 cases divided into three groups: 112 of IBD patients, 122 of peptic ulcer patients and 128 of control group who didn't have any gastrointestinal or psychic complaints. IBD and peptic ulcer diagnosis were established by standard diagnostic procedures (anamnesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory, endoscopy and biopsy in IBD and upper endoscopy in peptic ulcer). Anxiety and depression were established by Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A) and Hamilton rating test for depression (HAM-D). Type of A/B personality was established by Bortner scale and D type of personality by Denollet scale (DS14). RESULTS Anxiety was found in 47 (41.9%) and depression in 44 (38.3%) of a total of 112 IBD cases. In group with peptic ulcer anxiety was found in 40 (32.8%) and depression aalso in 40 (32.8%) of total 122 cases. In control group anxiety was diagnosed in 21 (16.4%) and depression in 20 (15.6%) of total 128 cases. Anxiety and depresson were significantly higher in both groups than in control group but anxiety and depression were significantly higher in IBD group than peptic ulcer group. D type of personality was statistically significant in peptic ulcer group. CONCLUSION Anxiety and depression in IBD and peptic ulcer cases have a greater prevalence compared to the normal population and surprisingly are higher in IBD than peptic ulcer group. D type of personality is associated with peptic ulcer.

This study presents a practical view of dynamic programming, specifically in the context of the application of finding the optimal solutions for the polygon triangulation problem. The problem of the optimal triangulation of polygon is considered to be as a recursive substructure. The basic idea of the constructed method lies in finding to an adequate way for a rapid generation of optimal triangulations and storing - them in as small as possible memory space. The upgraded method is based on a memoization technique, and its emphasis is in storing the results of the calculated values and returning the cached result when the same values again occur. The significance of the method is in the generation of the optimal triangulation for a large number of n. All the calculated weights in the triangulation process are stored and performed in the same table. Results processing and implementation of the method was carried out in the Java environment and the experimental results were compared with the square matrix and Hurtado-Noy method.

This study presents a practical view of dynamic programming, specifically in the context of the application of finding the optimal solutions for the polygon triangulation problem. The problem of the optimal triangulation of polygon is considered to be as a recursive substructure. The basic idea of the constructed method lies in finding to an adequate way for a rapid generation of optimal triangulations and storing - them in as small as possible memory space. The upgraded method is based on a memoization technique, and its emphasis is in storing the results of the calculated values and returning the cached result when the same values again occur. The significance of the method is in the generation of the optimal triangulation for a large number of n. All the calculated weights in the triangulation process are stored and performed in the same table. Results processing and implementation of the method was carried out in the Java environment and the experimental results were compared with the square matrix and Hurtado-Noy method.

Quando queremos resolver um problema que envolva operações aritméticas, faz-se necessária uma identificação das quantidades envolvidas (contadas ou medidas), as quais chamamos de referentes. Assim, as operações de transformação de referente podem ser entendidas como uma composição de quantidades, gerando novas quantidades que podem ou não vir a ser novos referentes. Estas operações são de difícil entendimento para os alunos, e já existem algumas indicações que nos permitem dizer que o mesmo acontece com os professores. Em geral, os alu-