Sexting as a common adolescent behavior might me related with difficulties of emotion regulation, a skillset that draws on identifying the relationship between behaviors and emotions and then creating strategies for regulating such emotions. The aim of this study was to explore the relation between sexting and emotional regulation strategies. The study involved 440 respondents, aged 18 to 25. Emotion Regulation Questionnaire was used to measure emotional regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression). Sexting Behaviors Scale was used to assess the frequency of receiving, sending and posting sexually suggestive or provocative texts, photos or videos. Result showed that boys use the strategy of expressive suppression more intense than girls. Statistically significant low correlation was found between posting sexually suggestive content and cognitive reappraisal. Furthermore, gender has been found to be a significant predictor of engagement in the activity of sexting behavior.  The results suggest that exchange of sexually suggestive content among youth, which shows low incidence, cannot be defined as an indicator of difficulties in emotional regulation.

The first objective of this study was to examine whether there are achievement goal orientation profile differences regarding enjoyment of swimming. The second objective was to assess which sources of enjoyment differentiate swimmers of different achievement goal orientation profiles. Female (N=128) and male (N=174) swimmers aged 10 to 18 years completed questionnaires of swimming enjoyment, sources of enjoyment in sport (SEYSQ), and achievement goal orientation (TEOSQ). ANOVA revealed that those with high task/high ego, high task/moderate ego and moderate task/low ego profiles have significantly higher levels of enjoyment of swimming as compared to those with low task/moderate ego profiles. Discriminant analysis showed that four groups of swimmers could be described by two discriminant functions. High task/high ego group is placed on the positive side of the function “achievement with intrinsic motivation”. This group Original Research Article Šilić et al.; JESBS, 28(4): 1-12, 2018; Article no.JESBS.46615 2 showed greatest enjoyment of swimming in other-referenced competency and recognition, effort expenditure, self-referenced competency, positive parental involvement and competitive excitement. Low task/moderate ego group significantly stands out on the positive side of the “achievement without effort” function and showed greatest enjoyment only in other-referenced competency and recognition. This research serves as a step towards a better understanding of a conceptual link between goal orientation and sources of enjoyment in young swimmers.

The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between sexting and emotional competence. A total of 440 students from the University of Mostar took part in this research, aged from 18 to 25 years (M=21.32, SD=1.84). The participants completed the Scale of Sexting Behaviour, and The Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire. The results of the study showed that 23.64% students had participated in receiving and sending sexually suggestive or provocative contents, whilst 10.23% had openly publicized such content. Young men participated to a greater extent in sexting in comparison with young women, and were less successful in recognition and understanding emotions, as well as in regulating and managing emotions. The data analysis revealed that the participants with lower results on the scale of emotional competence were involved more often in receiving, sending or publishing sexually suggestive or provocative contents. Sex and the ability to regulate and manage emotions were statistically significant predictors of receiving and sending sexually explicit content. These predictors, alongside the ability to understand emotions, proved to be significant in prediction of publication of sexually explicit contents. The results indicate the importance of emotional competence in explaining and prevention of sexting in young men and women. ________________________________________________________________________

Objective – The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between problematic Internet use and negative emotional states among secondary school pupils. Method – The sample consisted of 326 participants, ranging from 16 to 19 years of age. A Croatian adaptation of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale was used to assess negative emotional state levels. The problems related to Internet use (obsession, neglect and control disorders) were assessed using the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire. Results – Girls had statistically more significant difficulties with the inability to control Internet use and with the inability to end Internet use, in comparison to boys. Pupils who spent more time on the Internet had higher results on the obsession, neglect and control subscales in comparison to those who spent less time on the Internet.  Furthermore, girls experienced higher levels of anxiety and stress than boys. The results of the regression analyses revealed that depression was significantly predicted by the time spent on the Internet and all three forms of problematic Internet use. In addition, it was found that neglect of daily activities and time spent on the Internet predicted negative emotional states of anxiety and stress. Conclusion – The results of this study confirm the positive relationship between problematic Internet use and negative emotional states in adolescents.

Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) represents a widespread social and public health problem. Researchers have been shown association between IPV and mental health problems. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the literature on relationship between wide ranges of mental health problems. Design/methodology/approach Research papers related to mental health problems among IPV perpetrators and published in leading academic journals in UK and abroad from 1987 to 2017 were identified and reviewed. Findings Although there were some equivocal findings, the authors found that most of the available research suggests that there is a variety of psychological health problems among IPV perpetrators. Specifically, there was evidence of a significant relationship between anger problems, anxiety, depression, suicidal behaviour, personality disorders, alcoholism or problem gambling and perpetration of IPV. Results from analysed studies identified high rates of co-morbid disorders in IPV perpetrators. Practical implications The findings highlight the need for treatment services to undertake screening and assessment of wide range of psychological difficulties to be able to provide best treatment approaches. Originality/value To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that has included studies evaluating various psychological health problems among perpetrators of IPV.

The aim of this study was to research the relation between exposure to maltreatment in childhood and working memory capacity in adulthood. A survey among 376 females in the age between 16 and 67 was administered. Exposure to maltreatment in childhood (sexual, physical and psychological abuse, neglect and witnessing family violence) was assessed retrospectively using the Child Maltreatment Questionnaire (Karlović, Buljan-Flander, & Vranić, 2001), whilst the Working Memory Questionnaire (Vallat-Azouvi, Pradat-Diehl, & Azouvi, 2012) was used to assess working memory capacity (recalling verbal information, numerical information, attention ability and executive functioning). The results suggest a significantly greater prevalence of physical abuse and witnessing family violence in comparison to other forms of maltreatment in childhood. Psychological abuse and witnessing family violence have shown themselves to be statistically significant predictors for deficits in total working memory capacity, verbal recall and attention ability. The results suggest that traumatic experiences during childhood, such as abuse, may trigger particular cognitive changes which may be reflected in adulthood. It is, therefore, exceedingly important to conduct further research in order to contribute to the understanding of the correlation between cognitive difficulties and maltreatment in childhood.

Ovaj rad daje pregled relevantnih teorijskih pristupa u objašnjenju nasilnog ponašanja u mladenačkim vezama, kao i uvid u rezultate dosadašnjih istraživanja koja iz njih proizlaze. Prikazana su dva šira pristupa, od koji prvi ispituje vezu kulturalnih i/ili osobnih faktora u nasilnom ponašanju, dok drugi pristup razmatra dinamičku prirodu i procese nasilnog ponašanja. U okviru prvog pristupa opisane su postavke feminističke teorije, teorije socijalnog učenja i teorije individualnih razlika. Osnovne postavke u tumačenju nasilnog ponašanja nekoliko različitih modela (dinamično razvojni-sustavni model, model poticaja/prinuđivanja/ inhibiranja nasilja i kontekstualni model) su prikazane u okviru drugog pristupa. Rezultati dosadašnjih istraživanja su analizirani u ovom preglednog radu uzimajući u obzir pretpostavke o uzrocima, složenost i načine na koje opisuju uzročno-posljedične odnose različiti teorijski pristupi.

This study investigated achievement goal orientation profile differences between youth swimmers on perceived competence and enjoyment, and the contribution of goal orientation and perceived competence to enjoyment in swimming. Male and female swimmers (n=302), aged 10-18 years (M=12.7; sd=2.25) completed a questionnaire assessing goal orientation, perceived competence and enjoyment in swimming. Cluster analysis revealed four goal orientation profile groups: high task/high ego, moderate task/low ego, high task/moderate ego and low task/moderate ego. MANOVA was conducted and a significant multivariate effect was found (Wilks=0.762; F=14.370; p=0.000; ES=0126). Further, Scheffe’s post-hoc comparisons tests revealed that swimmers scoring relatively high in both task and ego orientations, with a balance between the two, reported high values for perceived competence and enjoyment. Finally using two-way factorial MANOVA it was found that the interaction between the perceived competence and goal orientation profiles was not significant. Emphasizing task orientation for young athletes is a means to increase enjoyment in sport, regardless of their level of perceived competence.

The aim of this review was to present the characteristics of coping strategies, and impact of bullying on the coping strategies chosen by children and/or adolescent victim to deal with the situation. This article involved an analysis of studies in coping strategies during bullying. Research databases were searched up until 2015 for studies relating to the investigation of any coping approach in children and adolescents involved in bullying. Studies that assess coping strategies through theoretical models suggest two types of strategies: 1) selfreliance/problem solving and seeking social support operacionalized as approach strategies and 2) distancing, externalizing and internalizing identified as avoidance approach strategies. Based on the conducted research we may conclude that the most commonly coping strategy in dealing with bullying utilizes the approach strategies. Additionally, we propose that considerable between-person variation in approach coping and avoidance coping may be predictable from gender and age characteristics. Based on the review we concluded that general trend in use of most coping responses is variable regarding the form of violence. A strategy of avoidance tends to be more prevalent in indirect forms of violence, seeking social support in situations of threats and verbal aggression and fighting back in physical aggression.

Small number of studies has provided an overview of prevalence and relevant variable related with modern health worries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between modern health worries and subjective health problems. A total of 345 patients from Siroki Brijeg Medical Centre, between age of 18 and 50, participated in the study. The group was composed of 225 females (65, 2%) and 118 males (34, 2%). Participants completed survey questionnaires containing measures of modern health worries and subjective health complaints. Result analysis showed that issues related to tainted food were the most frequent on examined population. The lowest prevalence of modern worries was obtained for concern of eventual radiation. Analysis of health related factors and modern worries has showed significant role of modern worries on health complaints. Group of participant’s highly scored on worries about tainted food had more diarrahea problems, while does with low scores had more sleeplessness problems. High scores of worries about radiation were related with allergic skin changes. However, participants with the lowest score on subscale of toxic intervention had more prevalent gastrointestinal problems. Present results could have significant contribution to the health programs, but they are still explanatory in the nature and further studies are necessary for overall generalization.

There is overwhelming evidence that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience more maladjustment than typically developing youth. It seems clear that childhood ADHD and future adjustment problems are closely linked. Indeed, they are so closely linked that problems are created in drawing clear conclusions. Adjustment problems may also be indicative for ADHD symptoms. So the aim of this study was to examine predictive value of psychological adjustment on ADHD and vice versa. The study sample included 405 elementary school pupils ranging in age from 6 to 13 years. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The Child Behaviour Check List / CBCL / 4 – 18 were used to gather information about externalized and internalized psychological problems in children, while symptoms of ADHD were assessed by Test of attention-deficit/hyperactivity. The results showed that children identified with ADHD had a significantly higher risk for psychological difficulties like externalized and internalized behavior problems, compared with children who had not identified ADHD. Furthermore, anxiety, social problems and problems with attention as a specific psychological difficulty represented predictive factors for ADHD. Obtained results indicate reciprocal relationship between ADHD and psychological problems which suggest the need for re-developing theoretical model of development ADHD.

Aims: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between different forms of maltreatment in childhood with the perpetration of violent behaviour and exposure to violence in partner relationships. Methodology: The sample comprised 147 participants (100 women and 47 men) involved in intimate partner violence and 200 control subjects (100 women and 100 men). A child abuse questionnaire was used for the assessment of multiple types of abuse occurring during childhood. Partner violence was assessed using Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). Results: The findings indicated that exposure to maltreatment in childhood had a significant effect on intimate partner violence. Significant differences were observed between the participants exposed to physical and psychological abuse, neglect and those witnessing family violence through partner violence compared to the control group. Forms of violence committed by fathers and mothers had a more important effect on partner violence compared to the violence committed by other persons. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study can potentially help in the development of