Background: The physical education of students who have a deviation in their state of health requires a joint effort from teachers and doctors. Aim: The aim of the study was to substantiate the necessity of swimming classes as an effective means of physical rehabilitation in students with health disorders within the physical education curriculum classes. Methods: Students with low-level somatic health (54 students) were grouped into the Basic Group (BG, 27 students) and the Control Group (CG, 27 students). The Basic Group students were offered special swimming classes aimed at their physical rehabilitation. At the beginning of the study and after 24 training classes the authors assessed the somatic health, physical and mental endurance, and adaptation abilities of the autonomic nervous system. Results: Implementation of the method into the curriculum of the BG students resulted in a significant improvement (by 48.1%) of their somatic health. A reliable re-distribution of the students with “poor” and “lower than average” somatic health to the “average” and “higher than average” health group was noted (p < 0.05). The students’ physical characteristics improved by 36.4%. Conclusion: The conducted research proved the necessity of using sectional swimming activities as a means of physical rehabilitation of students with low health.

Background: Some of main raisons for the elderly graft occlusion after successful aortal-iliac, aortal Femoral and Femoral Distal Vein Bypass, progression of main disease, continuing bad life Habits and uncontrolled risk factors such are mostly: poor nutrition traditional or fast food, Smocking and Lacks of Walking and Physical Activity Habits. Objective: The primary objective of the study was to estimate influence of Interval Walking Training Program combine with Tribulus Terrestris, 3-5 gram of Taurine and high dose of 1800mg supplementation of ALA on primary potency and vascular treatment. Secondary goals of this study is determinate by establishing better understanding connection between ordinary vascular walking therapy 30-45 min and interval walking program combine with Tribulus Terrestris, Taurine and high dose of and ALA as secondary supplementation after surgical and endovascular treatment. Methodology: The study included 112 patients, at the Clinic of cardiovascular surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, age between 50 and 75 (50 patients surgical treated with aortic-iliac, aortic-femoral and femoral distal vein bypass with and without Linton-patch/Taylor patch-first group) and (62 endovascular Iliac treated patients (indication TASC II A and B) with and without support Tribulus Terrestris, high dose of ALA and Taurine - second group). Results: Final analysis has reveal the rehabilitation outcome in 83% patients with bypass above the knee was fully rehabilitated compared to 46,6% patients with bypass below the knee was statistically considered significant by using p value less than (p<0,05) In anamnestic history in 83% patient with amputation above the knee was documented the presence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, nicotinismus and diabetes compared to 66,7% of patients with amputation level below the knee but there was no statistically significant difference (p>0,05). Conclusion: Interval Walking Training Program on Tribulus Terrestris, Taurine and high dose of ALA had a significantly and successfully higher bypass potency and rehabilitation prognosis compare to patients without supplementation and postsurgical physical therapy concept. It is obviously the is certain link between physical activity, life style modification and serum testosterone on primary bypass potency.

Explosive power is the dominant motoric ability in most sports, regardless of the age, gender and level of the competition, and as such participates in the equations of the specification. Vertical jump (Squat Jump) is a test for estimating the explosiveness of caudal extremities in a number of sports, most often in football, athletics, basketball, volleyball. The study included a sample of 39 respondents (19 cadets, ages 15 ± 0.5 years and 20 juniors, age 17 ± 0.5 years). The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the strength of the leg springs between players of junior and cadet ages. For the estimation of explosive power, the Squat Jump was measured using the Chrono Jump contact mat tensiometric platform (Bosco System, Spain). The analysis of the T-test showed statistically significant differences at the level of p <0.000 in favor of boys of junior age. Article visualizations:

Aim: The aim of the applicative study was to estimate the increasing capability of claudications distance in Fontaine's stage IIa patients of Peripheral artery disease (PAD) with Body Mass Index (BMI) 25-34,9 kg/m2 and Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) 0,8-0,9 by comparing Stationary Bike on High Dose of Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) versus Treadmill wallking program on standard Dose of Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) in Exercise Therapy with life style modification. Patients and methods: This study was conducted from beginning of May, 2017 till end of May, 2018 at the Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery Clinical Center and Department for vascular and endovascular surgery, University of Sarajevo, Special Hospital dr. Solakovic, Sarajevo and Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sarajevo. In the study included 60 male patients, age 40-55 with Peripheral Artery Disease (Ankle Brachial Index/ABI) 0,8-0,9, and Body Mass Index (BMI) 25 to 34,9 kg/m2 (30 non surgical traetment patients on standard Treadmill wallking program (control group) and research group consisting of 30 non surgical treatment patients on Stationary Bike), in stadium IIa of peripheral artery disease, with manifestation of mild claudication simptoms. For the testing of statistical significance of differences between the examinated groups parametric tests were used. The difference at a level of (p Results: Analysis shows the no statistically significantdifference between on claudication distance inStationary Bike grupsand impellers standard Treadmill wallking group (p>0,05). Conclusion: Stationary Bike Interval Training can be alternative vascular Therapy and has his on benefits but he can notentirely replace Treadmill Therapy in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease with BMI 25-34.9kg/m2. Treadmill Rehabilitation Therapy still remain generally main strategy of the therapeutic effect on enhancement of claudication distance (Fontaine's stage II) of peripheral artery disease.

This study aimed to investigate the facilitative effect of observational practice combined with mental imagery on learning of soccer dribbling. 140 young boys with the average age of 14,52 (±2,96) and mental imagery score of 48,69 (±5,1), who were unfamiliar with the research task, voluntarily participated in this study. The participants were assigned to homogenous groups according to their pre-tests results as follow: 1- physical practice; 2- observational practice; 3-mental imagery practice; 4-physical-observational practice; 5-physical-mental imagery practice; 6- observational-mental imagery practice and 7- physical-observational-mental imagery practice. Then the participants completed three sessions including ninety trials. At the end of the final training session, an immediate retention test was conducted that followed by a delayed retention test after 48 hours. The results of One-Way ANOVA test indicated that in both immediate and delayed retention tests, the physical-observational-mental imagery group and the physical group had a better performance compared with other groups (p<.05). Furthermore, the combined physical-mental imagery group obtained higher scores in soccer dribbling task in comparison with the combined physical-observational group. The findings support the beneficial effects of cognitive interventions as well as physical practice.

The presented study focuses on the impact analysis of a specific training programme primarily focusing on plyometric exercises for the lower limb explosive power, and the selected parameters of swimming turns. The tested set consisted of performance swimmers (n = 20, men n = 12 and women n = 8) in the average age of 17.3 years, average height of 174.2cm, and average weight of 65.8kg. The tested set was divided into two smaller sets. The experimental set (n = 10) used the training process as an extra experimental factor and the supervision set (n = 10) carried out only the main contents of the training process. The specific training schedule was applied during the period of 8 weeks, three times a week for 20 minutes. The effectiveness of the experimental factor was tested through a selected set of tests, focusing primarily on the lower limb explosive power. Three of the tests were conducted on the dryland using the Myotest machine: T1 – Squat jump (SJ), T2 – Countermovement Jump (CMJ) and T3 – Plyometric jump (PJ). The tests conducted in the swimming pool were: T4 – max. length of floating up after the push off from the turning wall, and T5 – the length of push off after 25m of breaststrokes in the maximum speed with a push off from the wall of maximum floating up. The results pointed out a proportionally higher increase in the experimental set, in which the average percentile improvement of the jump height amounted to 17.7% in T1 (the changes in the supervision set were 0.7%); in T2 the jump height was increased by 22% (the changes in the supervision set were 0.6%); in T3 the time of contact increased by 18.5% (the supervision set showed a decrease by 1.2%), T4 by 14.9% (the changes in the supervision set were 4.1%) and in T5 by 22.7% (the changes in the supervision set were 11.0%). Kendall correlation coefficient (r), pointed out the average value of the correlation coefficient between the experimental factor and the individual tests as follows: T1: r = 0.39, p<0.05; T2: r = 0.41, p<0.05; T3: r = 0.43, p<0.05, T4: r = 0.38, p<0.05 a T5: r = 0.41, p<0.05. In conclusion, practice, improvement, and affectivity of the swimming turn can affect the swimmers’ performance in races and improve it.

Kinematic parameters often crucially influence the performance in athletic disciplines. This is especially evident for top athletes who have almost identical morphological, motor and functional parameters. The differences that affect the sporting result are generally attributed to a better performance technique that is often the consequence of the different values of the individual's kinematic parameters. This study analyzes the differences between the defined kinematic parameters in the discipline Pole vault. The sample included 16 men and women athletes who competed in the finals of the World Championships (Daegu, 2011) and a total of 9 kinematic parameters were selected. The results were obtained by applying the T-test module for small independent samples, confirming the differences between men and women's finalists in Daegu, 2011. Statistically significant differences were recorded eight of nine kinematic parameters (about 89%). Significant differences were recorded in the following kinematic parameters: total run-up distance (T=5,312; p<0,01), number of steps (T=2,712; p<0,05), average step length (T=6,725; p<0,01), VA (T=18,430; p<0,01), AP (T=8,326; p<0,01); ¹average step length last (T=2,662; p<0,01); ²average step length last (T=8,303; p<0,01), ³average step length last (T=8,362; p<0,01). Article visualizations:

Motor skills are at a large percentage present in athletic disciplines, and their participation is closely linked to the manifestation of technical performance. They are a kind of indicator of the level of adoption of athletic technique and overall performance. Athletic disciplines are a good field for the manifestation of motor skills and represent adequate predictors in the manifestation of motor skills. It is on the basis of this fact that the current research was conducted on a sample of 25 male students of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, East Sarajevo. Running variables (100m, 200m, 400m, 800m) were measured to assess speed in athletic disciplines, while aerobic endurance was assessed via Sport walking (2km). All results were measured according to IAAF rules. For all disciplines, the achieved time (t) on the given track (S) was determined. Based on these parameters, the average speed (m/s) of each subject for each discipline was determined using the formula V=S/t. Athletic disciplines have been shown to be a good predictor in the analysis of speed and endurance and their subspaces.

Anthropometric characteristics and biomechanical parameters alongside with motor and specific-motor skills in great measures define results in athletic throwing disciplines. Their influence is different and often it is an indicator of obtaining good results. Current research is conducted with the finalists of World Championship (Berlin, 2009; Daegu, 2011) with the aim to determine the influence of anthropometric and kinematic parameters of the throw (release velocity, release height, release angle) on result successfulness in shot put. A total of 32 competitors were included in the research, out of which 16 was male(height, 192,13±7,61cm; weight 133,44±14,85kg) and 16 female finalists (height 182,94±6,31cm; weight 95,81±14,28kg). Obtained results were processed by multiple regression analysis which confirmed statistically significant influence of predictors on the result of male shot put finalists (R=0,793**, R²=0,629) and female finalists (R=0,806**; R²=0,650). The obtained results of regression analysis confirmed that the speed of the throw-out (Vo) was a leading parameter in the successfulness of the finalists’ result [Beta(f)=0,691; Beta(m)=0,528] and inverse relation with the angle of the throw-out, which can be confirmed by previous research on this subject. It is interesting that the angle of the throw-out in female shot putters was not defined as a factor of the impact on regression function, while the height of the throw-out recorded slight inversion in comparison to throw-out angle and the speed as a consequence of force of gravity.

The major aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different teaching methods (traditional and integrative) on learning biology, as well as development of selected factors of physical fitness (agility, flexibility, speed and balance). Participants were gifted students who finished first grade of junior high schools at the end of academic year 2014-2015. From 1190 students who took the IQ test, 52 persons who had highest IQ scores were chosen and assigned randomly to two groups of traditional (26) and integrated (26) classes. The traditional group was taught biology three sessions and physical education one session per week for twelve weeks. The integrated group were taught biology composed with physical education activities four sessions per week (each session lasted 75 minutes). The results revealed that the mean scores of four physical fitness factors in both groups differed significantly from baseline to post teaching examinations (p<0.01). We found that integrated teaching of physical education with other fields (such as biology) in comparison with traditional method, not only leads to better learning, but also encourages students to be more active in learning process. Article visualizations:

One of the most important health problems of today's society is hypokinesia accompanied by obesity. The assumption is that reduced physical activity has a large negative impact on the school population. The problem of reduced commitment and involvement of pupils in extracurricular activities is increasingly evident in recent times, which results in a number of negative health effects on the human body of an individual. This study comprised a group of pupils from first to the fourth year of elementary school in Pale (city East Sarajevo, BIH). The total sample consisted of 175 pupils (84 male and 91 female) age 11 to 14±0,5years. As a way of gathering the required information, we used an anonymous questionnaire of the open type in order to collect information about pupils involvement in extracurricular sports activities. The survey was conducted in October 2017 and all the pupils voluntarily participated in the study. Based on the survey results have been obtained the necessary information to reflect the very good of physical activity, of the pupils population. Of the total sample of pupils, the survey confirmed that 100% are physically active pupils. This is an encouraging result because today we have less physically active school children.

Anthropometric characteristics, represent one of the most important subsystems within the “system” of man, and which can be in affected by physical exercises in the direction of the desired transformation. Very often the anthropometric parameters (height and weight) are used in the assessment of the morphological status of an individual, and on the basis of the results of Body Mass Index (BMI) bring certain estimates and conclusions. BMI as a statistical measures, is used in many public health campaigns as an approximate measure of the ideal body mass and the degree of nutrition of a population. The main goal of the research was to determine and analyze differences in BMI parameters between male and female students, aged 18±0.5 years, and determine the trend of changes. Using the T-test module, the obtained results confi rmed that there are statistically signifi cant differences in body height (t=8,17; p<0.001) and body weight (t=5,29; p<0.001), while in BMI values there are not statistically signifi cant differences (t=-0.68, p>0.001). Based on BMI values, a positive trend of somatic changes of both poles is evident. Research Article The body composition analysis: Differences between students and the trend of their change Ratko Pavlović1*, Zoran Radić2, Irina Juhas3 and Mensur Vrcić4 1Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Health, University of Skopje, Macedonia 3Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgarde, Serbia 4Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina *Address for Correspondence: Ratko Pavlović, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Email: pavlovicratko@yahoo.com Submitted: 09 March 2018 Approved: 21 March 2018 Published: 22 March 2018 Copyright: 2018 Pavlović R, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Objectives: Anthropometric traits are closely related to health improvement as well as motor skills, psychological and sociological development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the differences in anthropometric traits of high school students and trend of changes among them. Methods: The anthropometric parameters including weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 60 male and female students, aged 17 ± 0.5 years. Descriptive statistics and t-independent test was used to analyze the data. Results: The results suggested that there were statistically significant differences in the height (t = 7.40; P < 0.000) and body weight (t = 3.62; P < 0.001) of male and female students, while no significant difference was found in BMI values in the two groups (t = -0.33, P > 0.001). In addition, it was suggested that 68% of male and female high school with mean BMI of 25 and 13 respectively, had normal nutrition status. 14.6% of male and 10.5% of female students had malnutrition. 21% of female students and 17% of male students had an excessive malnutrition. Conclusions: Although, today’s development is moving towards the advancement of technology, the life style especially nutrition status and physical activity needs to be seriously considered. However, mush research is needed to understand the effective factors on life style of different age groups especially students who are so involved in threaten of hypokinesian lifestyle.

Anthropometric characteristics (height and weight) are used in the assessment of the morphological status of an individual, and on the basis of the results of BMI bring certain estimates and conclusions. BMI, as a statistical measure, is used in many public health campaigns as an approximate measure of the ideal body mass and the degree of nutrition of a population. The research covered the students of high school in Pale, East Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The sample consists of a total of 115 respondents, 55 male (average height 183,07±9,01cm, body weight 68,77±10.11kg, BMI 20,72±2.54g/m2) and 60 female (average height 168,70±7,29; average body weight 56,03±8,66Kg; BMI 19,82±3,03kg/m2) who regularly attended physical education in secondary vocational school, , aged 16±0.5 years. The main goal of the research was to determine and analyze differences in BMI parameters between male and female students, aged 16±0.5 years, and determine the trend of changes. Using the T-test module, the obtained results confirmed that there are statistically significant differences in body height (t=10,47; p<0.001) and body weight (t=7,72; p<0.001), while in BMI values there are not statistically significant differences (t = -0.47, p>0.001).