The Tomašica grave-site near Prijedor in the north of Bosnia is reported to be the largest primary mass grave discovered thus far relating to the 1992-95 war. A total of 275 complete bodies and 125 body parts were exhumed from it in 2013. Post mortem examinations of the victims showed that nearly all had died from gunshot injuries but an additional striking feature was the degree of preservation of many of the bodies, even 21 years on, with skin, soft tissues and internal organs still present in abundance and gross structures clearly identifiable. Histology was performed on 68 samples of soft tissue from a total 13 bodies, on both skin and internal organs, and the degree of preservation was assessed in terms of the ability to recognize microscopic structure. Further comparison was made with samples taken a month or so later (56 tissue samples from 9 bodies, all but one different from the first group), after the bodies had been covered in salt as a means of general preservation. Generally, at a microscopic level, skin and subcutaneous tissues were better preserved than internal organs, while tissues sampled at the time of autopsy were better preserved than those sampled weeks later.

Objectives: The main goal was to analyze the specific causes of death in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period from 2009 to 2013 based on death certificates. Materials and Methods : The data used came from the Demographic Statistics, Health and Statistical Yearbook and Population health and health care in the Federation. The research covered the period of 5 years, from 2009 to 2013 and totaled 102,036 deceased. Results: The leading cause of death in the Federation B&H in the period from 2009 to 2013 is a group Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) with 53.2%. In the age group 75-79 is reported the highest number of deaths, 19.82% of the total sample. Male population deaths (50.97%) are more prevalent. Female population is more represented in the group Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) with 53.06%.Group “Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period” (P00-P96) is with the highest number of deaths in the infant period (age group 0-1) with 59.77%.Accidents holds the largest share in the number of violent deaths 56,89%. The largest number of deaths was determined by the coroner MD, up to 76.59%. An increase in the number of unidentified causes of death is spotted, from, which is in direct correlation with the decrease in the number of autopsies. Conclusion: Causes of death established by coroner's inquest are relevant and reliable only if they are complemented by autopsy. The continued decline in autopsy performance, despite better training of professional staff and an advanced diagnostic procedure leads to an increased number of undetermined deaths.

AIM: To compare hospital costs of acute deep vein thrombosis (ADVT) treatment in two periods of time. Evidence of repercussions on reducing costs during successful treatment. Attention was given to the necessity, costs and effectiveness of diagnostic procedures, treatment and complications. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data obtained from patients medical history in a period from 2000 to 2016. Model management and safe practice of ADVT care consisted of clinical examination, laboratory, colour Doppler and invasive diagnostics. In a treatment was used continuous infusion un-fractionated heparin for 40 patients from 2000th till 2006th and low molecular weight heparin for 40 patients from 2006th till 2016th. All patients were converted to oral anticoagulants. RESULTS: When we look at the overall picture of improving the management model, safe practices and economic rationalization, we conclude that we offer better health service for the patients with ADVT at the moment, which relies on proven medical treatment trends. While we do not forget responsibility towards a society of which depends on treatment funding. CONCLUSION: The implementation of a conceptually new model of management of ADVT did not contribute rise of the desired outcomes, but it justified the positive economic viability of introduced changes at the Clinic of Vascular surgery than the previous concept.

The aim of this study was to look for any secular trend in the stature of Balkan populations from the time of World War II (1939-1945) to the Balkans War (1991-1995). The research was based on the examination of exhumed skeletons of 202 men killed in World War II in the area of the Republic of Slovenia, and 243 men killed in the Bosnian War in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The length measurements of the right and left humerus, femur, tibia and fibula were taken. Since the results revealed no significant differences and the left-sided bones were more complete and recurrent in the sample, the bones of the left side were used in the analysis. Since the increase in height depends mostly on the increase in length of the long bones, with an average absolute change of about 0.28 cm for humerus, 0.55 cm for femur, 0.49 cm for tibia and 0.20 cm for fibula per decade in our case, these results suggest a significant increase of the height of the Balkans population. The difference of the sum of the average femur and tibia length for the study period was 4.13 cm. Recalculated average length increase of the sum length of femur and tibia per decade was 0.88 cm for the left side. Our study revealed that there was a trend towards increased long bone lengths, at least in the male population analyzed.