Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disorder of gut–brain interaction in which psychological factors may influence symptom presentation. This cross-sectional study examined the associations between stress resilience, somatization, subjective well-being (SWB), and FD symptoms, with a particular focus on gender differences. Adult patients (≥ 18 years) presenting with dyspeptic symptoms and referred for their first upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were recruited at the University Clinical Hospital of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Psychological factors were assessed using validated questionnaires, and FD symptom characteristics included FD subtypes, intensity, frequency, and duration. Group differences were analysed using appropriate parametric or non-parametric tests, whereas multinomial logistic regression and multivariate multiple regression were used to evaluate associations between psychological variables and FD outcomes. Lower resilience and SWB, along with a higher somatization, were significantly associated with membership to the mixed FD type. Higher somatization was associated with more severe symptoms, and higher age was associated with longer symptom duration. Higher SWB scores corresponded, although marginally, to less frequent symptom reporting. Several variables differed by sex/gender. These findings support the role of gut–brain interactions in FD and may inform the development of targeted psychological interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-026-46838-7.

Background Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) disorder which significantly impacts quality of life and subjective well-being (SWB). Psychosocial factors have been linked to FD symptoms, which places this disorder among the “disorders of gut-brain interaction.” Recent studies suggest notable sex differences in symptom expression and the level of disruption of daily activities. This study aims to explore the impact of sex on associations between psychological factors and SWB in individuals with FD. Methods The study included 191 adults referred to their first endoscopic examination of the upper GI tract due to dyspeptic symptoms. Patients completed validated measures assessing GI symptoms, GI and extra-GI comorbidities, health-related habits, psychological traits (somatization, stress resilience), and indicators of SWB (life satisfaction, positive and negative experiences). Multiple regression and hierarchical block regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of SWB and to examine the potential moderating role of sex and psychological factors. Subsequently, path analysis was conducted to explore potential causal pathways among sex, psychological variables and SWB. Results Participants displayed relatively homogeneous characteristics according to sex. Two main subgroups were identified: a larger group of highly educated, working-age individuals and a smaller group of older adults (>60 years) with higher comorbidity levels. Psychological factors, stress resilience and somatization emerged as the strongest predictors of SWB, while health and lifestyle factors had modest effects. Sex was identified as a significant determinant of SWB in the complex hierarchical model, but only after controlling for somatization and stress-resilience. The path model indicated that other sex-related factors may also influence SWB. Conclusion Results pointed toward the need to involve psychological constructs like somatization and stress resilience in studies examining SWB in individuals with FD. The importance was highlighted of examining the gender-related (socially conditioned) factors associated with SWB, and the need to separately assess these factors in older and younger individuals with FD (<60, ≥60). The study revealed a complex interactive network between age, gender, and SWB-related factors, supporting the biopsychosocial model of FD. However, identifying a suitable methodological framework to elucidate these complex relationships remains a challenge.

Objectives: To examine the mental health of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with biological therapy.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with Crohn’s disease. Two groups were included: an experimental and a control group. The experimental group consisted of 100 patients with Crohn’s disease, of whom 50 were on biological therapy and 50 were not, all treated at the Department of Gastroenterology. Participants completed instruments adapted for the research: a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), a tool designed to assess various aspects of mental health and personality.Results: The highest proportion of women was recorded among healthy participants (71.0%), while men were most represented in the group receiving biological therapy (58.0%). A significant difference was found between genders among healthy and diseased individuals. Participants receiving biological therapy achieved significantly higher scores in the domains of Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms, Depression, and Psychoticism compared to the other groups. Conclusion: These findings are consistent with research highlighting the connection between mental health and disease activity, suggesting the need for a holistic approach in the diagnosis and treatment of IBD.

AIM Care for the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients presents unique challenges as decisions regarding therapy must consider numerous distinct characteristics of each patient. The aim of the study was to recognize patients' characteristics as predictors of success in vedolizumab treatment. METHODS In a retrospective observational study, data regarding age, gender, body mass index (BMI), length of disease, previous exposure to anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF), drugs, and smoking status were extracted from the routine clinical practice. Patients were assessed for clinical remission and steroid-free remission after the 26-week treatment with vedolizumab. RESULTS The study included 76 patients with UC and 63 with CD. A total of 63 (out of 76; 82.9%) (Cl: 72.5-90.6% ) of UC and 54 (out of 63; 85.7%) (Cl: 74.6-93.3%) CD patients achieved clinical remission in the 26-week vedolizumab treatment. Over five years, illness was noticed in 32 (53.1%) CD patients. Clinical remission was not achieved in six (out of 13; 46.1%) UC patients aged 40-49 years and six (out of nine; 66.6%) CD patients aged 30-49 years. Among CD patients, remission was achieved in 22 (85.7%) females and 23 (63.6%) males. Remission rates were generally higher in patients with a BMI of 18.6-25 and 25.1-30. Previous exposure to anti TNF drugs and smoking status did not influence treatment outcomes. CONCLUSION The efficacy of vedolizumab is a viable treatment option for both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The exploration of individual patient characteristics holds promise in predicting a treatment outcome.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), necessitates effective management strategies. This study aims to evaluate the real-world efficacy of vedolizumab, a newer biological therapy, in treating IBD in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A retrospective observational study was conducted across six medical centers, involving 139 IBD patients, 76 with UC and 63 with CD. Patients were assessed for clinical remission and other outcomes at the 26-week mark post vedolizumab treatment initiation. At 26 weeks, clinical remission was achieved in 82.9% of UC patients and 85.7% of CD patients. Mucosal healing was observed in 38.1% of CD patients. The efficacy of vedolizumab did not significantly differ based on prior anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) exposure. Notably, the clinical scoring tools for predicting vedolizumab response showed limited applicability in this cohort. Vedolizumab demonstrated high efficacy in treating both UC and CD in real-world settings in Bosnia and Herzegovina, underscoring its potential as a significant therapeutic option in IBD management.

Abstract Background To examine correlation between elevated levels of thyrotropin with the frequency of miscarriages. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on the 380 respondents and it investigated TSH (thyrotropin), thyroid peroxidase antibody(anti-TPO) and free thyroxine (FT4) in pregnant women who had a miscarriage (N = 179) and pregnant women with normal pregnancies (N = 201). Results The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in the miscarriages group was higher than in control group (61.4% vrs 15.79% (p < 0.001). In the miscarriages group with hypothyroidism (first trimester) mean value of TSH was significantly higher 4.31 ± 2.55 mIU/L compared to the control group 1.95 ± 0.86mIU/L (p < 0.001). Logistic multivariate regression revealed that TSH and body mass index (BMI) have a significant influence on the miscarriage; TSH level has a higher odds ratio (OR) 1.47 CI (95% 1.22–1.78) than BMI (OR) 1.14 CI (95% 1.06–1.23)) (p < 0.001). The combination of thyroid autoimmunity and TSH > 2.5mIU/L increase the risk of miscarriage (65.75%) compared to positive anti-TPO antibodies and TSH < 2.5mIU/L(14.15%)(p < 0.001). Conclusions Higher TSH levels correspond with obesity during early pregnancy and may be a sign of maternal thyroid dysfunction. Physiological thyroid function in the first trimester of pregnancy is important for perinatal outcome.