Slovenians like new technologies. However, they hold specific fears that robots will take their working places. Robots represent opportunities for providing service as the population grows old, and robots will be needed to help old people. Especially in fields where workers are scarce, such as healthcare, knowledge of the interaction human-cobot will be needed. Robots have been present in highly supervised and stable environments for decades. Due to extreme progress in robotics, they have moved among people, in less predictable environments, and have a more human-like appearance. The purpose of our paper is to present cases of cobots in Slovenian hospitals. We use qualitative methodology. Results of our desktop research are presented. Our paper researches contemporary management challenges in healthcare. Before, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for healthcare professionals was a critical challenge as the nursing staff was overburdened. It is hard to fill all the necessary nursing positions in hospitals. The problem seems to be getting even bigger due to the growing trend of the elderly population around the world. In the theoretical part, we present the interaction between human being-robot. In the empirical part, we present three examples of the incorporation of robots in hospitals in Slovenia and expose some of the current challenges, benefits, and difficulties of working with robots.

Knjiga “Stanje tradicionalnih znanja o biodiverzitetu u Bosni i Hercegovini” predstavlja sveobuhvatno istraživanje koje se fokusira na važnost očuvanja tradicionalnih znanja i praksi lokalnih zajednica u kontekstu zaštite biodiverziteta i održivog razvoja. Autori knjige pružaju detaljan pregled različitih aspekata tradicionalnih znanja, uključujući upotrebu biljaka, životinja i prirodnih resursa, kao i načine na koje su lokalne zajednice kroz generacije prenosile ta znanja i vještine. Ova publikacija naglašava važnost uključivanja tradicionalnih znanja u suvremene strategije zaštite biodiverziteta i očuvanja prirode. Kroz brojne primjere i studije slučaja, knjiga ilustruje kako ova znanja mogu doprinijeti očuvanju biološke raznolikosti, prilagodbi na klimatske promjene i promociji održivih lokalnih zajednica. Također ističe potrebu za jačanjem suradnje između naučnih istraživača, donositelja odluka i nositelja tradicionalnih znanja, kako bi se osigurao holistički pristup zaštiti prirode.

The main MoR discussion led to further suggestions on KE terminology, including ensuring coherence to directionality in terms of the KE descriptions (e.g., specifying increase, decrease, altered, no direction, etc.) and clarifying differences in ROS and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), and enzymatic and non-enzymatic events. The consortium highlighted the importance of the role of ROS as a KE and an associative event in the AOP framework. Additionally, participants highlighted modification to macromolecules from the resultant RONS generation (e.g., lipid peroxidation) as a relevant endpoint to include in the KE. The possibility of grouping ROS-related KEs in the AOP framework needs to be discussed further.

Nowadays, in order to maintain cleanliness in our houses, as well as to maintain personal hygiene, numerous chemical agents are used every day. Dishwashing detergents are used the most, followed by laundry detergents, various soaps and hair sham?poos, and not infrequently descaling agents, for cleaning ovens, unclogging drainage and sewage pipes, neutralizing unpleasant odours, etc. Although their number is growing day by day, most people do not realize the consequences, or at least not enough, and especially not about their potentially toxic effects. In fact, a great deal of the population do not consider household chemicals a particular problem, which is true, if they are used in the pre?scribed manner. However, the fact that these agents can cause harmful effects in humans and animals, and even participate in environmental pollution, is more than a sufficient reason to pay more attention to these agents, that is, to talk about them more and obtain more information for that matter. Particularly since there are authors who believe that some of the mentioned agents can even cause cancer, asthma or birth defects, i.e. infertility. Household chemicals can be divided in several ways, and one of the classifications is the one made according to the place of use. According to this division, the products we use every day at home can be roughly divided into those used for cleaning and maintaining hygiene in kitch?ens, used for the same purposes in bathrooms (including those used for personal hygiene ), and the products used in rooms and on terraces (flower protection).

. Water samples were collected near the thermal power plant and coal mine (Gacko, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina) and analyzed to measure the concentration of 33 parameters (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, alkalinity as CaCO 3 , total hardness as CaCO 3 , total solids, total suspended matter, dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand with permanganate, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, P, PAH, PCBs, phenolic index, mineral oils, detergents, content of As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn and Pb, sulfates, chlorides, fluorides, aerobic organotrophs, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci). Determined average mean pH values and EC are within the reference values for class I surface water quality. The surface water in the study area is alkaline, with a mean pH value of 8.01. Depending on the location, other analyzed parameters correspond from I to V water quality classes. The ERI for As, Cd, Cr and Pb is low and for Mn is appreciable. The RI of the surface water in location 1 and 2 were moderate. In other locations, risk coefficients are low.

Effect of methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a binder and heating treatment were investigated to improve green alumina compacts machinability. Properties of green compacts and their corresponding sintered samples prepared with and without MMA were compared. Investigation of green and sintered properties was performed on samples compacted at applied pressures up to 150 MPa. After pressing, samples with MMA were thermally treated at 115oC. The intention was to enhance the polymerization of MMA at a temperature a little higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg = 103oC) of poly (methyl methacrylate). Green compacts with MMA had higher green density values than those without MMA. Sintered samples with MMA had lower values of sintered density and higher values of total porosity; after sintering, relative linear shrinkage was around 15 % for the whole range of applied pressures. The possibility of easily machining the green compacts with MMA produces great possibilities for application in many fields

Background: A laboratory professional concerned with the quality of work in medical-biochemical laboratories ensures the accuracy and precision of laboratory analyses through the implementation of international and European guidelines for working with hazardous substances, through the availability and implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Laboratory hazards that affect the concentration and safety of workers arise from laboratory deficiencies such as: lack of preventive measures, knowledge and skills implemented through SOPs and good laboratory practice. Biophysical hazards in medical laboratories are manifested by needles and sharp objects, infectious materials, noise, vibration, radiation, poor air quality, temperature inversions. Objective: The aim of the research was to raise awareness of the quality of work in medical-biochemical laboratories in order to ensure the safety of workers. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 100 laboratory professionals from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and Croatia. The research was conducted over a period of three months. Results: A higher percentage of exposure to infectious agents and needles and sharp objects was found among respondents from BiH compared to CRO (p=0.018 and p=0.001, respectively). We found that respondents employed in accredited laboratories are aware of exposure to hazards in a high percentage related to infectious agents, toxins (p=0.0012 and p=0.0046, respectively). A significant statistical difference was found between respondents with BiH and respondents with CRO in terms of knowledge of accreditation standards of medical-biochemical laboratories (p=0.0155). Respondents who have standard operating procedures available are aware of the hazards of infectious agents (p=0.0001), toxins (p=0.0466), needles and sharp objects (p=0.0052), noise (p=0.0030), vibration (p=0.0007) and extreme temperatures (p=0.0014). Conclusion: Efficient implementation and continuous compliance with the ISO 15189: 2018 standard requires constant commitment and active participation of laboratory staff. Laboratories must have standard operating procedures in place and actively monitor their use.

Faced with a changing business environment and increasing competition, enterprises have started looking for innovative solutions be­yond hierarch organizational boundaries. The community of crowds can be employed as a valuable factor in an enterprise’s innovation process to cre­ate value and upgrade its knowledge base. The present paper seeks to un­derstand the role of the crowdsourcing mechanism through the intellectu­al capital framework, resulting in a renewed knowledge base. The model was empirically tested using a data set obtained through a questionnaire fulfilled by representatives of enterprises in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The findings reveal that crowdsourcing causes significant linkages between intellectual capital dimensions among which crowdsourcing-human cap­ital and crowdsourcing-structural capital contribute more to enterprise re­newal of knowledge base. Research results could assist managers in strate­gic decisions in resource allocation in promoting and sustaining knowledge dissemination to increase the renewal capability of enterprises.

Introduction/Objective. Nursing Activities Score (NAS) is one of the most accepted and widely used scores for assessing the workload of the nursing staff in regards of qualitative and quantitative adequacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze nursing workload in cardiac surgery intensive care unit (CSICU) using the NAS in a contemporary set of patients undergoing heart surgery. Methods. The study included 809 consecutive patients admitted to adult CSICU who had major cardiac surgery during the year of 2019. Demographic data were collected from medical records (gender, age, type of treatment, length of stay [LOS], and discharge), EuroSCORE II and NAS value. Results. The majority of patients underwent coronary (43.1%), valvular (32.6%) and combined (24.2%) cardiac surgery procedure. The average patient LOS in CSICU was 2.5 ? 3.4 days. The average NAS value in our sample was 100.8% ? 63.1%. NAS value during the first operative day was a poor marker of the outcome in terms of mortality (C-index 0.520, 95% CI - 0.422-0.617, p=0.676). Significant difference was observed in terms of average NAS value between the patients submitted to coronary surgery and combined surgery (p = 0.001). NAS has been shown to be useful for assessing activity in a CSICU, confirming the optimal workload of nurses, while higher NAS values in our hospital indicate increased workload compared to similar institutions. Conclusion. NAS provided viable information regarding the care and hospitalization of patients in a CSICU. In accordance to NAS, the optimal level of nursing workload was established in our hospital settings.

Background/Aim: Clinical research nursing is a well-known concept in Europe and other countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards clinical research and their opinions and self-evaluation about clinical research nursing and factors affecting them. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska (UCCRS). A questionnaire included 50 questions/ statements was created in order to address the aims of the research and afterwards distributed to 120 nurses from 6 departments. Results: Response rate was 91.6 %. Most of the respondents showed a low level of knowledge, but positive attitude related to clinical research. Nurses who participated in clinical research were confident in their competencies according to their self-evaluation. Conclusion: Systematic approach to the additional nurses education could have a significant impact on a success of clinical research.