Introduction: Orthodontic treatment, in addition to patient benefits, includes certain risks and complications that should not beignored. The side-effects of orthodontic therapy all therapists want to avoid or reduce to a minimum.The occurrence of these complications depends on the orthodontic technique, medical knowledge in this field, patient's generaland oral health, and oral hygiene habits. Part of the risk and complications depend on the patient's ability to understand andcooperate during the therapy. For this reason, it is a medico-legal obligation to inform our patients about side effects of any medicalintervention what will be undertaken. In the previous issue, an overview of local complications of orthodontic treatment - dentalcomplications was presented. The aim: The aim of this part is to present a detailed overview of the most common complications with local effect- periodontalcomplications in the context of the contemporary attitude of the risks and complications associated with orthodontic treatment. Material and methods: Classification was presented by Graber, 2004th, in its publication, "Risk Management in Orthodontics: AnExpert's Guide to Malpractice," used as a starting point for the development of this review. A complex search was performed (PubMed, Google Scholar, etc.), with the restriction upon of publication date (beginning with 2004) to find relevant current studies.Search keywords were combinations of words: complication, orthodontic treatment, risks, side effects. Concluding remarks: Periodontal complications are the most common side effects linked with orthodontic treatment according tocontemporary literature. Serious analysis of potential risk for periodontal complications is mandatory for orthodontic patientsbefore the treatment starts. It is the only correct way to minimize complications during and after orthodontic treatment.

This study was conducted to reveal what Memrise, an online vocabulary study tool, can offer to upper-intermediate EFL learners compared to traditional vocabulary exercises in L2 vocabulary learning. Two groups of upper-intermediate learners (N=80) were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group and were given the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale, VKS for short, as the pre-test and post-test. The participants in both groups were exposed to the target vocabulary items in the same reading text. While those in the experimental group created list of target vocabulary items collaboratively in Memrise and then studied the sets individually, the learners in the control group did traditional vocabulary exercises. The results of the post-tests indicated that there was a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group in favor of the experimental group. The researchers discuss possible pedagogical implications of this significant finding for EFL vocabulary instruction.

This paper addresses the depolarisation effect in off-body body area networks channels, based on measurements performed at 2.45 GHz in an indoor environment. Seven different scenarios, involving both static and dynamic users, were considered, taking a statistical perspective. The analysis of the cross-polarisation discrimination is performed, as well as the analysis of path loss in co- and cross-polarised channels. Results show a strong dependence of the cross-polarisation discrimination and of channel characteristics on the polarisation and propagation condition, i.e. line-of-sight (LoS), non-LoS or quasi-LoS. Distance, varied between 1 and 6 m in the considered scenarios, is observed to have very little impact on the cross-polarisation discrimination. In the considered dynamic scenario, the channel is characterised by lognormal-distributed shadowing and Nakagami-distributed multipath fading. Parameters of the Nakagami distribution have essentially different values in the co- and cross-polarised channels, showing a trend towards Rice in the former and Rayleigh in the latter. Based on results, a model is proposed for a dynamic off-body channel.

This paper addresses the depolarisation effect in off-body body area networks channels, based on measurements performed at 2.45 GHz in an indoor environment. Seven different scenarios, involving both static and dynamic users, were considered, taking a statistical perspective. The analysis of the cross-polarisation discrimination is performed, as well as the analysis of path loss in co- and cross-polarised channels. Results show a strong dependence of the cross-polarisation discrimination and of channel characteristics on the polarisation and propagation condition, i.e. line-of-sight (LoS), non-LoS or quasi-LoS. Distance, varied between 1 and 6 m in the considered scenarios, is observed to have very little impact on the cross-polarisation discrimination. In the considered dynamic scenario, the channel is characterised by lognormal-distributed shadowing and Nakagami-distributed multipath fading. Parameters of the Nakagami distribution have essentially different values in the co- and cross-polarised channels, showing a trend towards Rice in the former and Rayleigh in the latter. Based on results, a model is proposed for a dynamic off-body channel.

When dealing with orthopaedic treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion, a long-term stability of the treatment outcome is not always achievable. Although, clinical investigations1-4 have reported that orthopaedic treatments are effective to reduce skeletal Class III malocclusion avoiding surgery, there is a tendency for some patients toward re-emergence of the Class III growth pattern, especially during the pubertal growth phase.5 ABSTRACT

Pretende-se explorar a interface entre Ciencia da Informacao e Comunicacao e sua relacao com a interdisciplinaridade no tocante a gestao de conhecimento. Tambem sao apresentadas as caracteristicas resultantes da informacao e seus aspectos interdisciplinares, a partir das contribuicoes dos principais teoricos da area. Reflete-se sobre os aspectos que compoem os processos informativos e a interacao que ocorre entre ambos. Como procedimentos metodologicos, adotou-se a pesquisa de natureza bibliografica e documental, perpassando ambas as areas de conhecimento. Os resultados demonstram que esta interface propicia o desenvolvimento cientifico para a geracao do conhecimento em um processo integrador. Palavras-chave: Ciencia da Informacao. Interdisciplinaridade. Comunicacao. Informacao. Campo Cientifico. ABSTRACT t is intended to explore the interface between Information Science and Communication and its relation with interdisciplinarity in terms of knowledge management. It presents the characteristics resulting from the information and its interdisciplinary aspects from the contributions of the main theoreticians of the area. It reflects on the aspects that make up the information processes and the interaction that takes place between both. It considers that this interface provides the scientific development for the generation of knowledge in an integrative process. Keywords : Information Science. Interdisciplinarity. Communication. Information. Scientific Field.

A great number of spring garlic populations are present in Serbia. It is a very heterogeneous biological material. To date, it has been little studied. Therefore, the aim was to study its production and chemical characteristics. Eighteen populations of spring garlic were examined. Most of the production of this garlic in Serbia is based on them. They were examined in Zminjak, which is located in the central Macva (Serbia). The method of field experiments was used. The research lasted for three years. The results comprise two groups of parameters. The first group contains the results which show the most important productive characteristics (weight of bulb, number of cloves per bulb, bulb yield). The second group consists of the parameters for chemical characteristics of the investigated populations (dry matter, etheric oil, and allin). In this case, the populations demonstrated a significant influence, and their stability was also very conspicuous. Most of the investigated populations of spring garlic can serve as a good resultant material for obtaining new cultivars. The populations can be classified as follows: SG-18, SG-25, SG-28, SG-16, SG-29 (yield), SG-21, SG-26 (technological quality) and SG-29, SG-18, SG-16 (foodstuff and pharmaceutical quality). They can remain as populations, but it would be significantly better to create new cultivars by using them.

Microscopic analysis of the skin and cuticle of wool fibers in Dubska pramenka show different qualitative parameters. The research study included different parts of the body and the samples of the wool fibers from different regions of the body. Histological description shows difference in the basic structurers of the skin in Dubska pramenka. A very pronounced thin epidermis, while dermis and hypodermis are more developed on the samples from the shoulder. Cornified flakes-cuticle of the root of the tail was of a fine structure, and cornified flakes from the rump showed the features of the rough wool fibers. “Transitional form of cuticle” was dominant on the shoulder. The qualitative parameters have a significant influence on the overall quality of wool in general, and the research contributes to a greater usability value of the wool and development of livestock farming in areas in a broader sense.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of potentially inappropriate drug prescription (PIP) in older patients who were on chronic hemodialysis treatment and to explore the factors that lead to PIP. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed at the Department of Nephrology, Clinical Center Niš, Serbia. It included patients who were 65 years old and older who suffered from the end-stage of kidney failure and were treated by hemodialysis. Univariate and subsequent multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors for PIP or omission (PPO) according to the STOPP and START criteria. RESULTS The study included 83 patients. According to the START criteria, PPO was found in 18 (22%) patients, and 32 (39%) patients experienced PIPs according to the STOPP criteria. The following factors were associated with PIP according to the START criteria: a number of comorbidities, reading the patient leaflet, and having the habit of drinking coffee. According to the STOPP criteria, polypharmacy was associated with PIP (OR = 1.287, p = 0.021): each additional drug increased the risk of potentially inadequate medications (PIM) by 28.7%. CONCLUSION Adequate consideration of potential risk factors, as well as the implementation of valid criteria for assessment of PIP, are just some of the measures that would contribute to solving complex therapeutic problems and designing strategies for rational prescribing according to the individual characteristics of patients.
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Abstract Effects of additions of buckwheat flour and sourdough on the total phenols content, antioxidant activity, and sensory properties of crackers were examined. Different mixtures of wheat flour with addition of buckwheat flour and sourdough were used for the prepartion of crackers. Two types of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis) were used for the preparation of buckwheat sourdough. Properties of crackers made with addition of buckwheat flour and sourdough were analysed in comparison to control crackers made only with wheat flour. Significant increase of total phenols in comparison to wheat flour dough (0.73 mg gallic acid equivalent (GA)/g of dry basis (d.b.)) was accomplished by adding buckwheat flour (1.12 mg GA/g d.b.) and sourdough (1.77 and 1.79 mg GA/g d.b.) regardless of the type of lactic acid bacteries used. All samples showed the decrease in total phenol content during baking process. Crackers with sourdough had higher antioxidant activity (16.84 and 15.84 mmol Fe3+/g d.b.) compared to crackers made with addition of buckwheat flour (10.42 mmol Fe3+/g d.b.) and control sample (7.76 mmol Fe3+/g d.b.). The result of sensory analysis showed positive influence of sourdough on taste and texture of crackers and insignificant differences in odour and appearance of tested samples. Also, the chewiness of crackers made with the addition of buckwheat flour and sourdough was improved compared to control crackers made from wheat flour.

Introduction: Preterm delivery remains a burning issue all over the world, especially in Serbia because of the rate of negative natural increase. IL-6 can stimulate the release of prostaglandins and cause premature contractions and premature labor. Aim of the Study: The aim of this research is to examine the importance of infection in the occurrence of premature contractions and to examine whether the preterm labor is associated with increased concentrations of IL-6 in patients with intact fetal membranes. Patients and Methods: We examined 83 pregnant women. The age range was between 15 and 43 years. The experimental group had 53 pregnant women and a control group was consisted of 30 pregnant women. All pregnant women had singleton pregnancies. The age of pregnancy in both groups was between the 21st and 35th week of gestation. The experimental group was divided into three groups according to the localization of infection: bacterial vaginosis, an infection of the cervix and urinary tract infections. The laboratory identification of IL-6 was performed as a double sandwich ELISA method. The reagents used for the identification of IL-6 were manufactured by Beckman-Coulter and were strictly intended for the research. Results: There were 34 pregnant women or 64% with infection of the cervix, 26 pregnant women or 49% had a positive urine culture, while bacterial vaginosis was present in 47 pregnant women or 89%. A positive finding on all localization was found in 14 pregnant women or 26%. In the experimental group, IL-6 was detected in 37 pregnant women or 70%. The mean value of IL-6 proven in the experimental group was 20.6 pg/ml (SD=18.2, n=53). Conclusion: This research demonstrated a direct link between a bacterial infection and preterm delivery. IL-6 can be used as a serological marker of bacterial infection and preterm delivery.