The study explores the polymicrobial nature of primary endodontic infections using Illumina Next Generation Sequencing. Samples involved in research have been collected from root canals of the patients suffering from pulp and periapical inflammations with no history of endodontic interventions on affected teeth. The study revealed prevalence of different bacterial phyla, classes, orders and species. Further work will show potential correlations between individual microbiotas and clinical diagnosis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare time of preparation and canal aberrations in a simulated root canals after using three different rotary systems: Endostar E5, Endostar E3 and T One File Gold. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 endodontic training blocks were used in this study and divided into three groups consisting of 30 each (n = 30). Blocks processing was performed by thirty dentists without any prior experience in rotary instrumentation techniques. In the first group blocks were prepared using Endostar E5, in second one with Endostar E3 and in third one with T One File Gold system. The preparation time was measured. The postoperative image of each block was taken by stereomicroscope and canal aberrations (ledge and instrument fracture) was recorded. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software. Results: Instrumentation with T One File Gold system is significantly faster compared to instrumentation with Endostar E5 and Endostar E3 systems (p <0.05). There are no statistically significant differences in the type and number of procedural errors between Endostar E5, Endostar E3 and T One File Gold systems when the operators have no previous experience in rotary instrumentation techniques. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, the incidence of examined canal aberrations were similar for all tested systems. The preparation time was significantly shorter with single file system.

This paper presents non-surgical resolution of an extensive periapical lesion-like-cyst of endodontic origin associated with lower central incisors. Endodontic treatment was performed through full crowns, since patient had circular metal-ceramics bridges in lower jaw. This article is a case report of combined endodontic treatment of multiple periapical lesions at 29 years old male, followed by prosthodontic rehabilitation. Intraoral examination revealed a symptomatic, sore bony hard and soft tissue swelling, mainly confined in lower intercanine sector. Trepanation and apical patency obtained 2 ml of bloody serous exudates. After through biomechanical preparation, a calcium hydroxide/CPMC root canal dressing was applied and periodically renewed for 4 months. The exudates were almost eliminated at treatment onset and significant bone formation was observed at the periapical region in the following months. We can report unexpectedly good bone healing of a large periapical lesion-like- cyst in teeth 31 and 41, following non-surgical root canal treatment, as well as smaller lesions on teeth 34 and 43. After complete root canal treatment, patient was prosthetic rehabilitated additionally. Complete radiographic resolution of the periapical lesion was not observed six months after the root canal filling, but the lesion is obviously smaller. Thus, non-surgical treatment of this supposedly cystic, extensive periapical lesion provided favorable clinical and radiographic response. Este trabalho apresenta uma resolucao nao cirurgica de uma extensa lesao periapical como se fosse uma lesao cistica, de origem endodontica, relacionada com os incisivos centrais inferiores. O tratamento endodontico foi executado atraves da coroa total em metalocerâmica.O paciente tinha uma ponte de metalocerâmica inferior. E um relato de caso que combina tratamento endodontico de lesoes multiplas periapicais em um paciente masculino de 29 anos de idade, em sequencia de uma reabilitacao oral protetica. O exame intraoral revelou uma lesao ossea e inflamacao do tecido mole, confinada a regiao do intercanino inferior. Com trepanacao e permeabilidade apical foram obtidos 2 ml de sangue e exudato seroso. Depois por meio de preparacao biomecânica, o canal foi forrado com hidroxido de calcio CPMC e foi aplicado CPMC periodicamente e renovado a cada 4 meses. O exudato foi quase todo eliminado no tratamento e uma neoformacao ossea foi observada na regiao periapical nos meses seguintes. Foi observada boa reparacao ossea de uma grande lesao de aparencia cistica nos dentes 31 e 41 e seguido de tratamento de canal radicular nao cirurgico, bem como em pequenas lesoes nos dentes 34 e 43. Apos completar o tratamento do canal radicular, o paciente teve, alem disso, a reabilitacao protetica. A resolucao radiografica completa da lesao periapical nao foi observada 6 meses apos a restauracao do canal radicular, mas a lesao tornou-se menor. Assim sendo, o tratamento nao cirurgico deste suposto cisto com extensa lesao periapical, proporcionou uma resposta clinica e radiografica favoravel.

Objective: To examine process inside plaque after application of three topical fluoride solutions: 1% TiF4, 1% NaF and Aminfluorid soluti on. Efficiency of t...