The numerical growth in human population led to the increased need of food of animal origin, but also increase the production of waste from all activities that were imposed as a necessity in the manufacturing process such foods. When it is known that organic matter in the external environment and the undeniable quality "protector" microbial becomes clear that the wealth organic waste materials, particularly those of animal origin and inadequate microbiological status, poses a serious risk factor for human health due to the possible presence of not-so-rare compatibility different types of microorganisms in the cohabitation between man and animals. Besides the implications in the biological sense, a large number of animals involved in the process of producing food for people living with their activities affect the environment and the physical and chemical terms, and after death, or economic exploitation and physical sense. Livestock production in Bosnia and Herzegovina in its primary and final phase of the annual produce very large amounts of waste. Unfortunately, in our treatment of animal waste does not have any status or significance of what has in countries with developed animal husbandry. dominated by the relatively primitive method of disposal with very little utilization of which is generated numerous negative consequences – the destruction of plant health problems for animals and humans, serious difficulty in public and communal hygiene, and environmental incidents. A different approach in which animal waste ceases to be a ballast material, and is potentially a very valuable product substrate, so that a positive effect on the overall status of Bosnian better livestock. Positive effects would be felt throughout all aspects of food of animal origin, particularly through its hygienic, economic and environmental determinants.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of diets supplemented with egg yolks of modified composition on the fatty-acid composition and lipid content in rat’s liver. During four weeks of the experiment 64 Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 16 individuals each (eight individuals of both sexes) and fed a commercial feed mixture for rats (group C) or diet containing 70% commercial mixture for rats and 30% freshly cooked egg yolks from laying hens fed diets with 3% fish oil (group F), 3% palm olein (group P) or 3% lard (group L). Dietary supplementation with egg yolks significantly increased the hepatic cholesterol pool in rats, regardless of the type of fat in the diet of laying hens from which the eggs originated. The content of α-linolenic acid in the liver of male rats in group P was 4-6 times higher compared to males in the other groups. Liver lipids and their fatty-acid composition differ by both, sex and dietary modified egg yolk composition in rats.

The aim of this study was to research the impact of a diet supplemented with egg yolks of modified content, having in mind the type of fat added to the laying hens diet, on the brain lipids and their fatty acid composition in rats. During four weeks of the experiment, 64 Wistar rats, divided into four groups of 16 animals each (eight animals of both sexes), were fed the commercial rat feed (group C), or the feed that contained 70% of the commercial rat feed and 30% of freshly boiled yolks from the eggs originating from laying hens fed with 3% fish oil (group F), 3% palm olein (group P) or 3% lard (group L). Concentration and content of total lipids and total cholesterol, as well as the fatty-acid composition of the total brain lipids were determined in the lipid extracts of the rats brains. Under unfavourable conditions, which in our case could be high dietary intake of the total fat due to egg yolk addition, the amount of total fat in the brain tissue or the mass of the organ itself can be changed. Applied dietary treatments could also influence the level of de novo synthesis of total cholesterol in the rat brain. High dietary fat intake, as well as the fat quality regarding its fatty acid composition, appear to be able to significantly influence the fatty acid profile of the total brain lipids in adult rats, whereas the level and quality of the changes also depend on sex.

The experiment was conducted on 35 „Cobb“ chicken, the most present fattening hybrid on our farms. The chicken was not separated by gender. During the first three weeks the chicks were fed with the starter, the following two weeks with the grower, and toward the fattening, in the six th week, with the finisher. The feed mixtures differed in content and metabolic energy/protein ratio. Pre-mixes produced by the „Lek“ Ljubljana provided 30 mg of iron per 1 kg of mixture to the chicken. Chemical analysis detected the following content of iron per mixture: starter 134,8 mg/kg, grower 142,9 mg/kg and finisher 137,8 mg/kg. At the end of the fattening period on the 42nd day, an average live chicken body weight was 2.329 g, and carcass weight was 1.720 g. The average natural liver weight was 38,90 g and average liver iron content was 169,35 mg /kg ranging from 106,7 to 223,8 mg/kg. Key words: iron, liver, chicken, mixture

The possibility of using different probiotic products primarily in animal food represents a special direction in the modern production of broiler meat. Intensive broiler production has been improved in the last few decades especially in the fields of genetics, nutrition and technology, in order to achieve maximum growth broilers, the optimal utilization of food and high yields, especially white meat. Considering the above mentioned research was conducted in order to examine the impact of commercial probiotic products on the body conformation of the carcasses of chickens after 42 days of fattening. In experiment was used a total of 30 chickens provenience Cobb divided into two groups (P and K). Chickens from both groups were vaccinated according to the plan and program of immunoprophylaxis, and selected technical and technological solutions of accommodation, as well as feeding and watering chickens were in accordance with the recommendations of the selectors for the floor system rearing. Chickens of experimental group (P) were given in drinking water, a commercial probiotic Probios ®, a soluble powder for poultry, product of a company Chr. Hansen A / S, Denmark. Probiotic treatment of experimental groups of chickens was conducted the first three days of life and three days during the vaccination of chickens (the day before, on the day and the day after vaccination). Measures of body conformation (the breast circumference, keel length, breast depth, drumsticks circumference, shank length and breast angle) were determined on carcasses after the fattening of 42nd day using standard tools in livestock breeding. The results obtained from this study suggest that the usage of commercial probiotics in broiler chickens in intensive fattening has proved to be statistically significant on tested measure of body conformation.

Common feeds usually contain essential minerals but often in insufficient amounts or in suboptimal ratios. Beside basic feeds, animals require dietary mineral supplements in order to maintain good health and production, especially if kept in confinement permanently. Adequate mineral uptake together with food and water intake represents one of the basic requirements for successful animal production. Animal feeding practice uses numerous mineral supplements to provide calcium. Limestone (calcium carbonate) is the most widely used out of them all. The aim of this paper was to examine the variability in composition of limestone for animal feeds produced in B&H in relation to the current national Regulations on Animal Feed. Content of calcium (Ca) was determined in 71 samples of limestone, content of magnesium (Mg) in 56, and content of iron (Fe) in 29 samples. All samples originated from two B&H producers. Minerals Ca, Mg and Fe were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the composition of limestone for animal feeds varied widely in relation to the current Regulations on Animal Feed. Content of Ca ranged from 22,8% to 39,78%, and content of Mg from 0,13% to 12,28%. Key words: limestone, calcium, magnesium

Common feeds usually contain essential minerals but often in insufficient amounts or in suboptimal ratios. Beside basic feeds, animals require dietary mineral supplements in order to maintain good health and production, especially if kept in confinement permanently. Adequate mineral uptake together with food and water intake represents one of the basic requirements for successful animal production. Animal feeding practice uses numerous mineral supplements to provide calcium. Limestone (calcium carbonate) is the most widely used out of them all. The aim of this paper was to examine the variability in composition of limestone for animal feeds produced in B&H in relation to the current national Regulations on Animal Feed. Content of calcium (Ca) was determined in 71 samples of limestone, content of magnesium (Mg) in 56, and content of iron (Fe) in 29 samples. All samples originated from two B&H producers. Minerals Ca, Mg and Fe were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the composition of limestone for animal feeds varied widely in relation to the current Regulations on Animal Feed. Content of Ca ranged from 22,8% to 39,78%, and content of Mg from 0,13% to 12,28%.

Abstract In order to determine the actual prevalence of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in wild birds in Bosnia and Herzegovina, extensive surveillance was carried out between October 2005 and April 2006. A total of 394 samples representing 41 bird species were examined for the presence of influenza A virus using virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs, PCR, and nucleotide sequencing. AIV subtype H5N1 was detected in two mute swans (Cygnus olor). The isolates were determined to be highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus and the hemagglutinin sequence was closely similar to A/Cygnus olor/Astrakhan/Ast05-2-10/2005 (H5N1). This is the first report of HPAI subtype H5N1 in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Tijekom 2003-2004. godine pratili smo kretanje sadržaja olova u fitogenim, animalnim i mineralnim komponentama te kompletnim krmnim smjesama za hranidbu peradi. Za kemijsku analizu ukupno su prikupljena 123 uzorka i to: 61 uzorak fitogenih, 15 uzoraka animalnih, 20 uzoraka mineralnih krmiva i 27 uzoraka krmnih smjesa koje su proizvedene u TSH i MSH (mješaonica sto ne hrane) na podru ju Bosne i Hercegovine. Kemijske analize izvršene su u laboratoriju Katedre za hranu i ishranu životinja Veterinarskog fakulteta Sveu ilišta u Sarajevu. Sadržaj Pb odre en je metodom plamene atomske apsorpcijske spektrofotometrije – AAS prema A.O.A.C.-u. Dobiveni rezultati kemijske analize svedeni su na 88% suhe tvari i statisti ki obra eni. Prosje an sadržaj Pb (mg/kg) u fitogenim krmivima iznosio je: kukuruz 0,469, pšenica 0,569, lucerka 3,152, sto no brašno 1,332, sojina sa ma 1,652, suncokretova sa ma 1,808 uz varijacijski raspon od 0,354 do 4,006. U animalnim krmivima prosje an sadržaj olova (mg/kg) iznosio je: u kvascu 3,322 i ribljem brašnu 5,899 uz variacionu širinu od 2,113 do 7,036, a u mineralnim krmivima, u sto noj kredi 17,579 i DiCa-P 13,700 uz varijacijski raspon od 12.480 do 20,270. Sadržaj Pb u kompletnim krmnim smjesama za perad prosje no je iznosio 3,315 mg/kg, uz varijacijski raspon od 1,542 do 7,504 mg/kg.

Our aim was to examine the influence of stocking density on the conformation in live broilers of Cobb provenance. A total of 120 chickens of Cobb 500 provenance are divided into three groups with 40 animals each (two experimental and one control group). At the end of the first week of feeding, 20 chickens were sampled and marked by random sampling. Chickens from the first experimental group (P1) represented the group with lower population of stocking density (12 chicks/m 2 ), chickens from the second experimental group (P2) represented the group of chickens with a higher population of stocking density (18 chicks/m 2 ), while the stocking density of the control group (K) chickens was in line with technological recommendations (15 chicks /m 2 ). During the experiment, marked chickens were monitored and measured for the chest circumference, drumstick circumference, length of keel (Crista sterni), breast depth and breast angle on a weekly basis. Measures conformations were taken in live chickens in hanging position with the use of appropriate instruments: millimeter measuring tape, caliper and protractor ZP-3. The results were statistically analyzed, statistically significant differences were noted, and correlation coefficient was determined. The longest circumference and depth of chest, drumstick circumference, and keel length were observed in the control group of chickens by the end of the experiment. The differences in comparison with the experimental groups were not statistically significant. The results indicate that compliance with the production technology can result in better production indicators and other factors including the success of intensive poultry production. Key words: stocking density, conformation, live broiler, Cobb provenance

Important Findings In order to determine the prevalence of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in wild birds in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH), extensive surveillance was carried out between October 2005 and April 2006. A total of 394 samples representing 41 bird species were examined for the presence of influenza A virus. AIV subtype H5N1 was detected in 2 mute swans (Cygnus olor). The isolates were determined to be highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus. This is the first report of HPAI subtype H5N1 in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Dugogodisnje koristenja antibiotika u intenzivnoj peradarskoj proizvodnji, bilo kao stimulatora rasta ili u prevenciji oboljenja, rezultiralo je odlaganjem rezidua u jajima i mesu peradi, te pojavi bakterija specifi no rezistentnih na antibiotike. Iz navedenih razloga sirom svijetu je uo ljiv trend zabrane upotrebe pojedinih antibiotika u nutritivne ili profilakti ke svrhe, uz istovremeno traženje alternativnih i neskodljivih sredstava za zamjenu.